Designing interaction in digital tabletop games to support collaborative learning in children

Copyright © 2014 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. According to Dillenbourg et al. (1996), collaborative learning occurs when two or more people try to learn something together. This process consists of four successive stages, one of which concerns collaborative interactions. In this paper we present two studies that implemented two different ways of increasing the number of collaborative interactions. To increase the number of collaborative interactions in a game, the first study focused on degrees of collaboration (Kahn and Mentzer, 1996) and the second study focused on cooperative gestures (Morris et al., 2006a), which were used in the third degree of the first study. In order to facilitate collaborative interactions and its properties (Dillenbourg, 1991), we decided to design two digital tabletop games with tangible interaction that both require collaboration to win. The evaluations in both studies, by means of the Wizard of Oz method, showed a significant increase in collaborative interactions. We also found that verbal and gestural interactions are a better measure criterion for tabletop games than how much people look at each other

A holistic design perspective on media capturing and reliving

Copyright © 2016 ACM. People capture far more media than they are able to relive. In this paper we identify the discrepancy between media capturing and media reliving from a design perspective. We propose a holistic perspective, that invites designers of media experiences to considering all three interdependent aspects of the media process: media capturing interaction, specific media, and media reliving interaction. By adopting this view, we aim to ensure that the media that is captured will be both necessary and appropriate for the intended reliving experience. We illustrate our perspective with three design concepts. Finally, in the discussion we present several topics related to media capturing and reliving

From PhotoWork to PhotoUse: exploring personal digital photo activities

© 2017 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. People accumulate large collections of digital photos, which they use for individual, social, and utilitarian purposes. In order to provide suitable technologies for enjoying our expanding photo collections, it is essential to understand how and to what purpose these collections are used. Contextual interviews with 12 participants in their homes explored the use of digital photos, incorporating new photo activities that are offered by new technologies. Based on the qualitative analysis of the collected data, we give an overview of current photo activities, which we term PhotoUse. We introduce a model of PhotoUse, which emphasises the purpose of photo activities rather than the tools to support them. We argue for the use of our model to design tools to support the user’s individual and social goals pertaining to PhotoUse

Confidence and risky decision-making in gambling disorder

Background and aims: People with Gambling Disorder (GD) often make risky decisions and experience cognitive distortions about gambling. Moreover, people with GD have been shown to be overly confident in their decisions, especially when money can be won. Here we investigated if and how the act of making a risky choice with varying monetary stakes impacts confidence differently in patients with GD (n = 27) relative to healthy controls (HCs) (n = 30). Methods: We used data from our previous mixed-gamble study, in which participants were given the choice of a certain option or a 50/50 gamble with potential gains or losses, after which they rated their confidence. Results: While HCs were more confident when making certain than risky choices, GD patients were specifically more confident when making risky choices than certain choices. Notably, relative to HCs, confidence of patients with GD decreased more strongly with higher gain values when making a certain choice, suggesting a stronger fear of missing out or "anticipated regret"of missing out on potential gains when rejecting the risky choice. Discussion: The current findings highlight the potential relevance of confidence and "regret"as cognitive mechanisms feeding into excessive risk-taking as seen in GD. Moreover, this study adds to the limited previous work investigating how confidence is affected in value-based risky contexts.</p

Making history: intentional capture of future memories

Lifelogging' technology makes it possible to amass digital data about every aspect of our everyday lives. Instead of focusing on such technical possibilities, here we investigate the way people compose long-term mnemonic representations of their lives. We asked 10 families to create a time capsule, a collection of objects used to trigger remembering in the distant future. Our results show that contrary to the lifelogging view, people are less interested in exhaustively digitally recording their past than in reconstructing it from carefully selected cues that are often physical objects. Time capsules were highly expressive and personal, many objects were made explicitly for inclusion, however with little object annotation. We use these findings to propose principles for designing technology that supports the active reconstruction of our future past

Do we ruin the moment? Exploring the design of novel capturing technologies

Copyright © 2015 ACM. By capturing our experiences we often strive to better remember them in the future. However, the act of media capturing also influences these same experiences in the present, an area which is underexplored. This paper describes a study with the aim to inform the design of novel media capturing strategies. Adopting an approach of defamiliarization based on intervention and reflection, we strive to gain insights in the influences of future capturing technologies on the experience of a day out. We conducted an exploratory study in which 28 students went on a day out and used a variety of capturing strategies. Individual and group reflections on the experience during this day identified several important aspects that media capturing influences: engagement, perception & attention and social activity. The paper concludes with implications for design and proposes three potential future directions for media capturing, that instead of disturbing the moment enhance the experience

Association between fat-free mass and survival in critically ill patients with COVID-19:A prospective cohort study

Background: Most critically ill patients with COVID-19 experience malnutrition and weight loss associated with negative clinical outcomes. Our primary aim was to assess body composition during acute and late phase of illness in these patients in relation to clinical outcome and secondary to tailored nutrition support. Methods: This prospective cohort study included adult critically ill patients with COVID-19. Body composition (fat-free mass [FFM] [exposure of interest], fat mass [FM], skeletal muscle mass [SMM], and phase angle [PA]) was determined with multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analyses in the acute and late phase. Nutrition support data were collected simultaneously. Clinical outcome was defined as intensive care unit (ICU) survival (primary outcome) and 30–90 days thereafter, duration of mechanical ventilation, and length of ICU stay and length of hospital stay (LOS). Nonparametric tests and regression analyses were performed. Results: We included 70 patients (73% male, median age 60 years). Upon admission, median BMI was 30 kg/m 2, 54% had obesity (BMI &gt; 30 kg/m 2). Median weight change during ICU stay was −3 kg: +3 kg FM and −6 kg FFM (−4 kg SMM). Body composition changed significantly (P &lt; 0.001). Regarding clinical outcome, only low PA was associated with prolonged LOS (odds ratio = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.72–0.96; P = 0.015). Patients with optimal protein intake (&gt;80%) during acute phase maintained significantly more FFM (2.7 kg, P = 0.047) in the late phase compared with patients who received &lt;80%. Conclusion: FFM decreased significantly during acute and late phase of illness, but we observed no association with ICU survival. Only low PA was associated with prolonged LOS. FFM wasting likely occurred because of disease severity and immobility.</p

A search for HI 21cm absorption toward the highest redshift radio loud objects

We have searched for HI 21cm absorption toward the two brightest radio AGN at high redshift, J0924--2201 at $z = 5.20$, and J0913+5919 at $z=5.11$, using the Giant Meter Wave Radio Telescope (GMRT). These data set a 3$\sigma$ upper limit to absorption of $< 30$ at 40 km s$^{-1}$ resolution for the 30 mJy source J0913+5919, and $< 3$ for the 0.55 Jy source J0924--2201 at 20 km s$^{-1}$ resolution. For J0924--2201, limits to broader lines at the few percent level are set by residual spectral baseline structure. For J0924--2201 the column density limit per 20 km s $^{-1}$ channel is: N(HI) $< 2.2\times 10^{18} \rm T_s$ cm$^{-2}$ over a velocity range of -700 km s$^{-1}$ to $+1180$ km s$^{-1}$ centered on the galaxy redshift determined through CO emission, assuming a covering factor of one. For J0913+5919 the column density limit per 40 km s$^{-1}$ channel is: N(HI) $< 2.2\times 10^{19} \rm T_s$ cm$^{-2}$ within $\pm 2400$ km s$^{-1}$ of the optical redshift. These data rule out any cool, high column density HI clouds within roughly $\pm 1000$ km s$^{-1}$ of the galaxies, as are often seen in Compact Steep Spectrum radio AGN, or clouds that might correspond to residual gas left over from cosmic reionization.Comment: accepted to the Astronomical Journal; 7 figures; 9 pages aastex forma