Contribución al estudio analítico de dos constituyentes del ron (Parte I)

The volatile flavor components of samples commercial rums have been analyzed by conventional chemical methods. These determinations according to the bibliographic references and this study; suffice to distinguish rums from virtually all other spirits. A comparative study by these chemical methods of volatile flavor components which make up rums maturations obtained from distilleries being possible to verify the source personally and those from other comercial rums.Se han analizado, por métodos convencionales, muestras comerciales de ron. La determinación de algunos componentes volátiles mayoritarios contribuye en gran medida, de acuerdo con la literatura, a la definición de la calidad preparativa de estos productos, y permite distinguir los rones de otras bebidas alcohólicas. Por otro lado, y en relación con el envejecimiento en madera de roble, en este trabajo se hace una contribución complementaria al intentar establecer un CONTROL DE CALIDAD por "estudio comparativo" entre muestras de rones de procedencia conocida que han sido sometidos a maduración en barricas de roble y una serie de muestras de rones elegidas al azar en distintos establecimientos comerciales

La reglamentación española del Ron y sus perspectivas (parte II)

In Spain, the corresponding Decree-Lawa the rum's characterization they are insufficient (Decree-Law 1.288/5-Juin-1975 and Decree-Law 1906/26-September-1984). We are carry out the study of foreign regulations for to obtain good results in rum characterization.En nuestro país, el Ron, viene recogido en los Decretos 1.288 de la Presidencia del Gobierno de 5 de Junio de 1975 y el Decreto 1.906 de 26 de Septiembre de 1984, por los que se establece la "Reglamentación Especial para la elaboración, circulación y comercio del ron" (B.O.E. de 7-Junio-1975 y de 29-0ctubre-1984). Esta reglamentación tiene por objeto definir el ron a efectos legales y fijar, con carácter obligatorio, las normas de elaboración, comercialización y en general, la ordenación jurídica de dicha bebida. No obstante estas normas siguen siendo insuficientes para caracterizar estos aguardientes, por lo que hemos incluido el estudio de algunas reglamentaciones extranjeras en materia de Ron, con el fin de obtener unos parámetros eficaces y diferenciadores para esta bebida

Estudio por cromatografía en fase gaseosa de alcoholes, aldehídos, ésteres y componentes esenciales que integran una muestra de ginebra preparada con bayas identificadas procedentes de Junniperus communis

In the sample of gin prepared by us gas liquid chromatography has evidentiated the following components: Methanol, Propanol, Butanol, 2-Butanol, Isobutanol, 2-Pentanol, Isoamyl alcohol, Acetaldehyde, Ethyl Acetate, Methyl Acetate, Alpha Pinene, Betha Pinene, Limonene, Terpinolene, Linalol, 4-Terpineol, Alpha Terpineol, Bornyl Acetate and a non identified Sexquiterpene. All of then in cane alcohol detected and they are extracted to a lesser extent.En la muestra de ginebra preparada por nosotros se han detectado por cromatografía en fase gaseosa los siguientes componentes: Metanol, Propanol, Butanol,2-Butanol, Isobutanol, 2-Pentanol, Alcohol isoamílico, Acetaldehido, Acetato de metilo y Acetato de etilo, alfa-Pineno, beta-Pineno, Limoneno, Terpinoleno, Linalol, 4-Terpinenol, alfa-Terpineol, Acetato de bornilo y un Sexquiterpeno no identificado. Todos ellos en alcohol de caña. En etanol comercial se han detectado menor número de componentes y además son extraídos en menor proporción

Chronic melatonin treatment improves obesity by inducing uncoupling of skeletal muscle SERCA-SLN mediated by CaMKII/AMPK/PGC1α pathway and mitochondrial biogenesis in female and male Zücker diabetic fatty rats

Melatonin acute treatment limits obesity of young Zücker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats by non-shivering thermogenesis (NST). We recently showed melatonin chronically increases the oxidative status of vastus lateralis (VL) in both obese and lean adult male animals. The identification of VL skeletal muscle-based NST by uncoupling of sarcoendoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA)- sarcolipin (SLN) prompted us to investigate whether melatonin is a SERCA-SLN calcium futile cycle uncoupling and mitochondrial biogenesis enhancer. Obese ZDF rats and lean littermates (ZL) of both sexes were subdivided into two subgroups: control (C) and 12 weeks orally melatonin treated (M) (10 mg/kg/day). Compared to the control groups, melatonin decreased the body weight gain and visceral fat in ZDF rats of both sexes. Melatonin treatment in both sex obese rats restored the VL muscle skin temperature and sensitized the thermogenic effect of acute cold exposure. Moreover, melatonin not only raised SLN protein levels in the VL of obese and lean rats of both sexes; also, the SERCA activity. Melatonin treatment increased the SERCA2 expression in obese and lean rats (both sexes), with no effects on SERCA1 expression. Melatonin increased the expression of thermogenic genes and proteins (PGC1-α, PPARγ, and NRF1). Furthermore, melatonin treatment enhanced the expression ratio of P-CaMKII/CaMKII and P-AMPK/AMPK. In addition, it rose mitochondrial biogenesis. These results provided the initial evidence that chronic oral melatonin treatment triggers the CaMKII/AMPK/PGC1α axis by upregulating SERCA2-SLN-mediated NST in ZDF diabetic rats of both sexes. This may further contribute to the body weight control and metabolic benefits of melatonin

Corrigendum to “Chronic melatonin treatment improves obesity by inducing uncoupling of skeletal muscle SERCA-SLN mediated by CaMKII/AMPK/PGC1α pathway and mitochondrial biogenesis in female and male Zücker diabetic fatty rats” [Biomed. Pharmacother. 172 (2024) 116314]

The authors regret the human error made in funding. Following the instructions of the Spanish Ministry to have no problem with the payment, the funding given had data from funders repeated, and following their instructions, the funding should simply appear in the manuscript as follows: Funding: This study was supported by grant PID2021-125900OB-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and, ERDF “A way of making Europe”. The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused.This study was supported by grant PID2021-125900OB-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and, ERDF “A way of making Europe”