Morphologic characteristics of sacra associated with assimilation of the last lumbar vertebra

Background: The impact of lumbosacral transitional states on biomechanics of load transmission between the spine and the legs has been sporadically reported. The aims of the study were to identify morphostructural alterations of sacra associated with assimilation of the last lumbar vertebra and to analyse them in the light of their biomechanical impact. Materials and methods: Linear dimensions of sacrum, its body and base and articular surfaces were measured in 31 normal and 41 transitory sacra. Nineteen sacra presented articular and 22 osseous fusion of the last lumbar vertebra. Measured parameters were compared between normal sacra and the two variations of transitory sacra. Results: Sacra with articular fusion of the last lumbar vertebra showed more pronounced concavity of the sacral curvature and wider than long sacral bodies. The first sacral segment was modified, broaden, ventrally wider and elevated. Almost the whole segment bore at its sides auricular surfaces. Very small portion of the segment was non-articular with less pronounced wedging. Sacra with osseous fusion of the last lumbar vertebra showed similar concavity of the sacral curvature as normal sacra, but longer than wide sacral bodies. The ventral sloping half of the newly formed first segment bore auricular surfaces. The non-articular part was enlarged with pronounced wedging. Conclusions: The term “sacralisation“ includes both types of transitory sacra with mutually different morphostructural characteristics in contrast to the normal sacra. Analysis of these morphologic variations may help in understanding the different biomechanical properties and patterns of load transmissio

Principle of Thematic Correspondence in Dialogue of Official Letters (on Material of Citizens’ Appeals and Responses to Them)

The article discusses text pairs of business letters (citizen appeal / official response). Within the framework of official correspondence as a special type of dialogical interaction, two texts with a single topic specified in the original letter are called a text pair. The aim is to substantiate the thematic correspondence of texts forming such a pair as a significant, though not the only, criterion of the quality of business reply letters. The detailed speech analysis of the material is carried out on the basis of the categorical-textual concept, according to which the category of the topic is expressed with the help of functionally identical names of the subject of speech (thematic chain), as well as their distributors. The preliminary stage of the analysis identifies and schematizes the composition of the thematic chains of the initial and response letters; the main stage is related to the comparison of the data obtained. The comparison of the thematic chains of the initial and response letters allows objectifying the conclusions about the degree of thematic correspondence of the texts that make up the pair. These conclusions are based on the analysis of the correlation of the main and additional thematic chains of the text, and most importantly - on the nature of the reproduction of the theme set in the address in the response official letter. It is argued that the thematic correspondence of paired business letters is a necessary minimum of quality business communication

ASSESSMENT OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL CONDITION OF VARIOUS LEVELS OF MENTAL HEALTH IN PERSONS OF HAZARDOUS OCCUPATION

At Hie present time, studying psychophysiological condition of levels of mental adaptation by means of objective indices is especially actual. Therefore, the identification and assessment of the indices characterizing the functional condition of an organism will allow the expert to decide on the level of mental adaptation. We examined 75 respondents which were divided into groups in correspondence with V.Y. Semke's concept. Primary diagnostic measures included clinical and psychological methods, the assessment of the functional condition of nervous system, short record of variability of cardiac rhythm. Features of psychophysiological condition of processes of regulation and functioning of ground levels of mental health in persons of hazardous occupation are studied. /Is a result of the conducted research, we revealed the reliable changes in the psychoadaptation and psychodisadaptation state in vegetative system of supporting of the processes of regulation of an organism in group (p < 0,05) (according to the indices of spectral analysis of cardiac rhythm and variation ofpulsometry according to R.M. Bayevsky). The tension index increased from 45,92 ± 31,81 to 347,94 ± 434,01 (p < 0,05). Reliable negative dynamics of change of clinical, psychological and psychophysiological indexes is shown upon transition from the first to the third level of mental health (p < 0,05)

Features of the dynamics of erythrocyte parameters depending on the level of physical activity in adolescence

The object of the study: to study the dynamics of erythrocyte parameters in 2nd and 3rd year students with different levels of physical activity.Materials and methods: the venous blood of 56 students served as the material: 29 girls and 27 boys aged 18 to 22 years. With the help of a questionnaire, all the subjects were divided into 3 groups depending on the level of physical fitness (LPF). The red blood cells (RBC) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV), the concentration of hemoglobin (HGB), hematocrit (HCT), the mean cell hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), the red cell distribution of width (RDW) were determined.Results: the highest values of indicators HGB, RBC and HCT were observed in students with high LPF. The highest values were recorded of the MCV, MCH, MCHC and RDW With an average LPF. High values of HGB, RBC and HCT with high LPF and indicators of the MCV, MCHC and RDW with average LPF prevailed in the 2nd year. Young men had an increase in the values of HGB, RBC, HCT, MCH with low LPF and an increase in MCV and RDW at an average level in the 3rd year. Statistically significant differences were found between the 2nd and 3rd year girls in terms of RDW with an average LPF.Conclusion: with an increase in LPF, there is an increase in erythrocyte parameters. The dynamics of erythrocyte parameters depends on the level of physical activity, gender and the course of study

Comparative analysis of plastid genomes of non-photosynthetic Ericaceae and their photosynthetic relatives

Although plastid genomes of flowering plants are typically highly conserved regarding their size, gene content and order, there are some exceptions. Ericaceae, a large and diverse family of flowering plants, warrants special attention within the context of plastid genome evolution because it includes both non-photosynthetic and photosynthetic species with rearranged plastomes and putative losses of "essential" genes. We characterized plastid genomes of three species of Ericaceae, non-photosynthetic Monotropa uniflora and Hypopitys monotropa and photosynthetic Pyrola rotundifolia, using high-throughput sequencing. As expected for non-photosynthetic plants, M. uniflora and H. monotropa have small plastid genomes (46 kb and 35 kb, respectively) lacking genes related to photosynthesis, whereas P. rotundifolia has a larger genome (169 kb) with a gene set similar to other photosynthetic plants. The examined genomes contain an unusually high number of repeats and translocations. Comparative analysis of the expanded set of Ericaceae plastomes suggests that the genes clpP and accD that are present in the plastid genomes of almost all plants have not been lost in this family (as was previously thought) but rather persist in these genomes in unusual forms. Also we found a new gene in P. rotundifolia that emerged as a result of duplication of rps4 gene

MODELING THE FREQUENCY DEPENDENCE OF THE MAGNETOIMPEDANCE EFFECT OF AMORPHOUS RIBBONS BY THE FINITE ELEMENT METHOD

Frequency dependence of the magnetoimpedance effect of amorphous ribbons was studied. Different reasons of the discrepancy in magnitude of theoretically calculated sensitivity and experimental data were considered. A complementary model for variation of magnetic permeability was created.The research was carried out within the state assignment of M.N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences of № АААА-А18-118020290129-5 (theme "Magnet")

Biogeochemical assessment of soils and plants in industrial, residential and recreational areas of Saint Petersburg

Soils and plants of Saint Petersburg are under the constant technogenic stress caused by human activity in industrial, residential, and recreational landscapes of the city. To assess the transformed landscapes of various functional zones, we studied utility, housing, and park districts with a total area of over 7,000 hectares in the southern part of the city during the summer seasons of 2016-2018. Throughout the fieldwork period, 796 individual pairs of soil and plant samples were collected. A complex of consequent laboratory studies performed in an accredited laboratory allowed the characterization of key biogeochemical patterns of urban regolith specimens and herbage samples of various grasses. Chemical analyses provided information on the concentrations of polluting metals in soils and plants of different land use zones. Data interpretation and calculation of element accumulation factors revealed areas with the most unfavorable environmental conditions. We believe that a high pollution level in southern city districts has led to a significant degree of physical, chemical, and biological degradation of the soil and vegetation cover. As of today, approximately 10 % of the Technosols in the study area have completely lost the ability to biological self-revitalization, which results in ecosystem malfunction and the urgent need for land remediation