ANTIHYPERLIPIDEMIC ACTIVITY OF CASSIA FISTULA BARK USING HIGH FAT DIET INDUCED HYPERLIPIDEMIA

Objective: To study the antihyperlipidemic and anti atherosclerotic activity of Cassia fistula extracts in experimentally induced atherosclerotic rats.Methods: In this study, the antihyperlipidemic activity of Cassia fistula bark was evaluated by the administration of high fat diet. Atherosclerosis was induced in wistar rats by feeding with high cholesterol diet for 21 d. Oral feeding of cholesterol (500 mg/kg b.w./day) dissolved in coconut oil (0.5 ml/rat/day) caused an elevation in total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, VLDL cholesterol triglycerides serum of rats.Results: Administration of Cassia fistula extracts (methanolic and ethyl acetate extract at 500 mg/kg respectively) along with high cholesterol diet reduced the raised serum level of total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, VLDL and increased the serum HDL level as compared to the control group (High cholesterol group). Histopathology study of heart has shown decrease in myocardial degeneration and inflammation which may be attributed to the anti atherosclerotic activity of the Cassis fistula bark extracts.Conclusion: These results suggested that Cassia fistula bark possess significant antihyperlipidemic activity.Â

Predisposing factors for phytophthora blight of pigeonpea

A pigeon pea plot at the ICRISAT Centre, Patancheru, India, was observed daily during the 1987 and 1988 rainy seasons for blight infection (caused by P. drechsleri f.sp. cajani). Disease onset occurred on Jul. 10 and on Aug. 4 in 1987 and 1988, respectively. In both years, infection and subsequent disease development occurred when day temp. were <28°C. Rain was recorded on 7 consecutive days prior to disease onset in 1987 and on 5 of 7 days in 1988. An increase in soil inoculum levels was also associated with a decrease in day temp., higher rainfall and cloudy weathe

Prevalence of Pigeonpea Wilt and Sterility Mosaic in India(1975-80)

In the 11 states surveyed incidence of Fusarium udum varied from 0.1% in Rajasthan to 22.6% in Maharashtra, and of pigeon pea sterility mosaic virus from 0.2% in West Bengal to 21.4% in Biha

Registration of pigeonpea germplasm line ICP 9145 resistant to fusarium wilt

The pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) germplasm line ICP9145 (PI583777), which is resistant to fusarium wilt (Fusarium udum), was released by ICRISAT in 1993, and released for general cultivation in Malawi in 1987 where the local farmers named it Nandola Wa Nsawawa. It is the first wilt-resistant pigeon pea cultivar released in Africa and is currently estimated to be grown on 20% of the 30 000 ha under pigeon pea cultivation in Malawi. ICP9145 was originally collected as a landrace in Kenya. In trials conducted at 20 locations in India, Kenya and Malawi for 1-7 seasons between 1980-81 and 1992-93, wilt incidence in ICP9145 ranged from 0 to 73% and averaged 29%, compared with an average of 83% in the susceptible line ICP2376. Plants of ICP9145 are compact, of indeterminate growth habit and tall (215 cm). Seeds are large (100-seed weight of 15.6 g

Study of Genetic Parameters in F5 Families of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

One hundred and fourteen F5 families of rice belonging to six crosses along with seven parents were evaluated during kharif, 2015 at Andhra Pradesh Rice Research Institute and Regional Agricultural Research Station, Maruteru to study variability, heritability, genetic advance as per cent of mean and nature and direction of association among themselves and with grain yield. Data was recorded on ten characters which showed significant differences among themselves. High PCV and GCV were observed for grain yield per plant and test weight. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean was observed for number of grains per panicle, grain yield per plant and test weight indicating the presence of additive gene action in governing the inheritance of these traits. Hence, direct phenotypic selection is useful with respect to these traits

Prevalence of pigeonpea diseases and associated crop losses in Asia, Africa and the Americas.

Surveys were carried out to determine the prevalence of pigeonpea diseases in the major pigeonpea growing areas of Asia, Africa and the Americas between 1975 and 1980. In India, surveys in eleven states revealed that wilt, sterility mosaic, Phytophthora blight, Macrophomina stem canker and yellow mosaic were economically important diseases. Other diseases were of minor importance. Disease problems in Bangladesh, Malaysia and Nepal were of less importance. In Africa, wilt was a serious disease in Malawi (36.3%), Tanzania (20.4%) and Kenya (15.9%). Leaf spot in Kenya and Malawi, and powdery mildew in Kenya, Tanzania and Zambia were important. Other diseases were not economically important. In the Americas witches' broom, Phoma stem canker and rust were the important diseases. Annual crop losses due to the combined effect of wilt and sterility mosaic diseases in India were estimated to be worth about US$113 millions. In Africa the estimated losses from wilt disease alone were over US$ 5 millions annually

Handbook of pigeonpea diseases.Information Bulletin no.42

Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) is one of t h e most important grain legume components of subsistence farming systems in t h e semi-arid tropics. Many fungi, viruses, nematodes, bacteria, and mycoplasma-like organisms attack pigeonpea, but only a few of these are important constraints to pigeonpea production. This bulletin provides information on the causal agents, distribution, economic importance, symptoms, epidemiology, and management of major diseases of pigeonpea. The text is supplemented with color photographs of disease symptoms and a diagnostic key is included to facilitate identification. Information is provided on control measures that include the use of resistant varieties, cultural practices, and chemicals. Supporting literature on the major diseases is listed

Multilocational evaluation of pigeonpea for resistance to phytophthora blight

One hundred and forty three pigeonpea accessions and 757 elite breeding lines were evaluated for resistance to phytophthora blight (Phytophthora drechsler; f. sp cajan; (Pal et at.) Kannaiyan et al.) at seven locations in India for three to seven seasons between 1984/85 and 1990/91. Three accessions, KPBR 80-2-1, KPBR 80-2-2, and ICP 9252 were moderately resistant to the disease with an average disease incidence of 11–20% (range 1–38%), compared to 89% (range 67–100%) In the susceptible control. These can be used as donor parents for breeding for resistanc

Optimization of Linear Arrays using Modified Social Group Optimization Algorithm

354-359In this paper, optimization of the linear array (LA) antenna is performed using modified social group optimization algorithm (SGOA). First step of the work involves in transforming the electromagnetic engineering problem to an optimization problem which is completely described in terms of objectives. Linear array synthesis is inherently considered as a multi-attribute problem. The pattern synthesis of LA is carried out with several objectives involving sidelobe level (SLL), beam-width (BW) and desired nulls. The SLL suppression with BW constraint is considered as first objective of this work and the results are compared with several evolutionary computing algorithms like ant lion (ALO), grey wolf (GWO) and root-runner (RRA). Following this, the MSGOA is further used to synthesise null patterns in which the pattern is completely described in terms of nulls with SLL and BW as constraints. The entire simulation-based experimentation is performed using Matlab® on i5 computing system

The initial gluon multiplicity in heavy ion collisions

The initial gluon multiplicity per unit area per unit rapidity, dN/L^2/d\eta, in high energy nuclear collisions, is equal to f_N (g^2\mu L) (g^2\mu)^2/g^2, with \mu^2 proportional to the gluon density per unit area of the colliding nuclei. For an SU(2) gauge theory, we compute f_N (g^2\mu L)=0.14\pm 0.01 for a wide range in g^2\mu L. Extrapolating to SU(3), we predict dN/L^2/d\eta for values of g^2\mu L in the range relevant to the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and the Large Hadron Collider. We compute the initial gluon transverse momentum distribution, dN/L^2/d^2 k_\perp, and show it to be well behaved at low k_\perp.Comment: LaTex 10 pgs., 3 figure