Spectrum of Itinerant Fractional Excitations in Quantum Spin Ice

We study the quantum dynamics of fractional excitations in quantum spin ice. We focus on the density of states in the two-monopole sector, rho(omega), as this can be connected to the wave-vector-integrated dynamical structure factor accessible in neutron scattering experiments. We find that rho(omega) exhibits a strikingly characteristic singular and asymmetric structure that provides a useful fingerprint for comparison to experiment. rho(omega) obtained from the exact diagonalization of a finite cluster agrees well with that, from the analytical solution of a hopping problem on a Husimi cactus representing configuration space, but not with the corresponding result on a face-centered cubic lattice, on which the monopoles move in real space. The main difference between the latter two lies in the inclusion of the emergent gauge field degrees of freedom, under which the monopoles are charged. This underlines the importance of treating both sets of degrees of freedom together, and it presents a novel instance of dimensional transmutation

Topology and Interactions in a Frustrated Slab: Tuning from Weyl Semimetals to C > 1 Fractional Chern Insulators

We show that, quite generically, a [111] slab of spin-orbit coupled pyrochlore lattice exhibits surface states whose constant energy curves take the shape of Fermi arcs, localized to different surfaces depending on their quasimomentum. Remarkably, these persist independently of the existence of Weyl points in the bulk. Considering interacting electrons in slabs of finite thickness, we find a plethora of known fractional Chern insulating phases, to which we add the discovery of a new higher Chern number state which is likely a generalization of the Moore-Read fermionic fractional quantum Hall state. By contrast, in the three-dimensional limit, we argue for the absence of gapped states of the flat surface band due to a topologically protected coupling of the surface to gapless states in the bulk. We comment on generalizations as well as experimental perspectives in thin slabs of pyrochlore iridates.Comment: Published. 6+4 page

Semi-classical Characters and Optical Model Description of Heavy Ion Scattering, Direct Reactions, and Fusion at Near-barrier Energies

An approach is proposed to calculate the direct reaction (DR) and fusion probabilities for heavy ion collisions at near-Coulomb-barrier energies as functions of the distance of closest approach D within the framework of the optical model that introduces two types of imaginary potentials, DR and fusion. The probabilities are calculated by using partial DR and fusion cross sections, together with the classical relations associated with the Coulomb trajectory. Such an approach makes it possible to analyze the data for angular distributions of the inclusive DR cross section, facilitating the determination of the radius parameters of the imaginary DR potential in a less ambiguous manner. Simultaneous $\chi^{2}$-analyses are performed of relevant data for the $^{16}$O+$^{208}$Pb system near the Coulomb-barrier energy

Quantum melting of charge ice and non-Fermi-liquid behavior: An exact solution for the extended Falicov-Kimball model in the ice-rule limit

An exact solution is obtained for a model of itinerant electrons coupled to ice-rule variables on the tetrahedron Husimi cactus, an analogue of the Bethe lattice of corner-sharing tetrahedra. It reveals a quantum critical point with the emergence of non-Fermi-liquid behavior in melting of the "charge ice" insulator. The electronic structure is compared with the numerical results for the pyrochlore-lattice model to elucidate the physics of electron systems interacting with the tetrahedron ice rule.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure

Field-Selective Anomaly and Chiral Mode Reversal in Type-II Weyl Materials

Three-dimensional condensed matter incarnations of Weyl fermions generically have a tilted dispersion—in sharp contrast to their elusive high-energy relatives where a tilt is forbidden by Lorentz invariance, and with the low- energy excitations of two-dimensional graphene sheets where a tilt is forbidden by either crystalline or particle-hole symmetry. Very recently, a number of materials (MoTe2, LaAlGe, and WTe2) have been identified as hosts of so-called type-II Weyl fermions whose dispersion is so strongly tilted that a Fermi surface is formed, whereby the Weyl node becomes a singular point connecting electron and hole pockets. We here predict that these systems have remarkable properties in the presence of magnetic fields. Most saliently, we show that the nature of the chiral anomaly depends crucially on the relative angle between the applied field and the tilt, and that an inversion-asymmetric overtilting creates an imbalance in the number of chiral modes with positive and negative slopes. The field-selective anomaly gives a novel magneto-optical resonance, providing an experimental way to detect concealed Weyl nodes

Cluster dynamical mean-field study of the Hubbard model on a 3D frustrated hyperkagome lattice

We study the Hubbard model on a geometrically-frustrated hyperkagome lattice by a cluster extension of the dynamical mean field theory. We calculate the temperature ($T$) dependences of the specific heat ($C$) and the spin-lattice relaxation time ($T_1$) in correlated metallic region. $C/T$ shows a peak at $T=T_{p1}$ and rapidly decreases as $T->0$. On the other hand, $1/T_1T$ has a peak at a higher temperature $T_{p2}$ than $T_{p1}$, and largely decreases below $T_{p2}$, followed by the Korringa law $1/T_1 propto T$ as $T->0$. Both peak temperatures are suppressed and the peaks become sharper as electron correlation is increased. These behaviors originate from strong renormalization of the energy scales in the peculiar electronic structure in this frustrated system; a pseudo-gap like feature, the van-Hove singularity, and the flat band. The results are discussed in comparison with the experimental data in the hyperkagome material, Na$_4$Ir$_3$O$_8$.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, Conference proceedings for Highly Frustrated Magnetism 200

Carrier doping to a partially disordered state in the periodic Anderson model on a triangular lattice

We investigate the effect of hole and electron doping to half-filling in the periodic Anderson model on a triangular lattice by the Hartree-Fock approximation at zero temperature. At half-filling, the system exhibits a partially disordered insulating state, in which a collinear antiferromagnetic order on an unfrustrated honeycomb subnetwork coexists with nonmagnetic state at the remaining sites. We find that the carrier doping destabilizes the partially disordered state, resulting in a phase separation to a doped metallic state with different magnetic order. The partially disordered state is restricted to the half-filled insulating case, while its metallic counterpart is obtained as a metastable state in a narrow electron doped region.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure

Trimer classical spin liquid from interacting fractional charges

We study a problem of interacting fractional charges with the J(1)-J(2)-J(3) Ising model on a checkerboard lattice under magnetic field. As a result of the interplay between repulsive interactions and particle density tuning by a magnetic field, the fractional charges form a classical spin liquid (CSL) phase. The CSL phase is composed of degenerate spin configurations, which can be mapped to the trimer covering of dual square lattice. The CSL state shows macroscopic ground-state entropy, implying the emergence of a novel quantum spin liquid phase when quantum fluctuations are turned on. In addition to the CSL phase, the system exhibits multiple magnetization plateaus, reflecting the fertile screening processes of dimer-monomer mixtures

The future size and composition of the private rented sector: an LSE London project for Shelter

Current forecasts suggest that perhaps one in four households in England and maybe one in three in London might be living in the private rented sector by 2025. However, there has been little attempt to identify which household types are likely to be most affected. The brief for this study was both to fill this gap and to look somewhat further ahead. Shelter has asked LSE London to ‘produce plausible modelling, forecasting how many privately renting households there will be in England in 2028, what their demographic composition will be and what proportion of each demographic group will be privately renting.’ The findings would be used to provide an evidence base from which to discuss how policy towards the private rented sector might better serve the full range of households likely to be living in the sector