Neonatal anthropometric measurements and its relation to maternal anthropometry and demographics

Abtsract Background Healthy pregnancy and maternal health status influence fetal growth. Studies linking maternal and neonatal anthropometry showed confounding results. Objectives To study the relationship between maternal and neonatal anthropometry. Methods This cross-sectional study included 491 full-term healthy newborns born to healthy mothers with uncomplicated pregnancy. Neonatal and maternal anthropometric measurements as well as detailed perinatal history were recorded. Results Third trimester weight, body mass index (BMI), and mid upper arm circumference (MUAC) were positively related to neonatal birth weight (BW), length and head circumference (HC) (p < 0.001 for all of them except for MUAC with length, p = 0.021). Maternal education was inversely related to BW (p = 0.031) and positively related to HC (p = 0.001). Consanguinity had a positive relation to HC (p < 0.001). Conclusions Maternal 3rd trimester weight, MUAC, BMI, education, and consanguinity can be related to different neonatal anthropometric measurements

Stuck-at Faults Tolerance and Recovery in MLP Neural Networks Using Imperfect Emerging CNFET Technology

Devices using emerging technologies and materials with the potential to outperform their silicon counterpart are actively explored in search of ways to extend Moore&#x2019;s law. Among these technologies, low dimensional channel materials (LDMs) devices, such as carbon nanotube field-effect transistors (CNFETs), are promising to eventually outperform silicon CMOS. As these technologies are in their early development stages, their devices still suffer from high levels of defects and variations, thus unsuitable for nowadays general-purpose applications. On the other hand, applications with inherent error resilience and high-performance demands would suppress the impact of process imperfection and benefit from the performance boost. These applications, including image processing and machine learning through neural networks, would be the ideal targets for adopting these new emerging technologies even in their early stage of technology and process development. In this article, the effects of stuck-at faults in CNFET static random access memory (SRAM)-based multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural network are investigated. The impacts of various fault patterns are analyzed. Several fault recovery techniques are introduced, and their effectiveness is analyzed under different scenarios. With the proposed recovery techniques, the system can recover and tolerate a high level of stuck-at faults up to 40&#x0025;, paving the path to adopt the early-stage and faulty emerging devices technologies in such high-demand applications

Auditory assessment of neonates at high risk of hearing impairment admitted to the intensive care unit

Background: Permanent hearing loss is a common neonatal health problem which leads to deleterious effects on language, speech development and academic outcome. Its prevalence is much higher in newborns that need neonatal intensive care admission. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study included 314 neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care unit. The inclusion criteria included neonates with risk factors of hearing loss. They were all evaluated by Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions (TEOAE). Automated auditory brainstem response (AABR) was done at 3 months of age for those who failed TEOAE screening. Results: Out of 314 neonates, 4.5% were diagnosed by permanent hearing loss. No statistical significance was detected between hearing loss and gender (P = 0.61), prematurity (P = 0.529) and birth weight (P = 0.076). The most common risk factor detected was ototoxic drug intake, with aminoglycosides being the most frequent. There was a significant P value between ototoxic medications and hearing loss (P = 0.018). The highest percentage of cases with hearing loss was detected among neonates who received both aminoglycosides and vancomycin. Conclusion: The prevalence of permanent hearing loss among admitted neonates at risk of hearing loss are high.&nbsp

Value of P53 Protein as a Tumor Marker in Patients with Transitional Cell Bladder Cancer

Objective: The aim of this work is to determine the value of P53 as a biochemical marker in patients with bladder cancer. Patients and Methods: This study was conducted on 30 patients with transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of different grades and 10 healthy men as a control group who had been admitted to the Urology Department, Benha Faculty of Medicine between August 1999 and November 2001. The mean age of the patients was 56.3 years (range 38-80 years). They were evaluated by history taking, clinical examination, laboratory investigations, radiological examination and cysto-scopy-guided biopsies. P53 was determined in the serum preoperatively and postoperatively after 21 days and 6 months, as well as in the tissue specimens taken by transurethral resection or by radical cystectomy. Results: The mean serum P53 value in the control group was 10.0 ± 1.83 Pg/ml. In the patients with grade-1 tumors it was 25.6 ± 4.8 Pg/ml compared to 44.8 ± 14.73 Pg/ml and 131.1 ± 15.28 Pg/ml for grade-2 and grade-3 tumors, respectively (