Comment on "Dynamic Opinion Model and Invasion Percolation"

In J. Shao et al., PRL 103, 108701 (2009) the authors claim that a model with majority rule coarsening exhibits in d=2 a percolation transition in the universality class of invasion percolation with trapping. In the present comment we give compelling evidence, including high statistics simulations on much larger lattices, that this is not correct. and that the model is trivially in the ordinary percolation universality class.Comment: 1 pag

Survey of intestinal parasites of Neogobius bathybius in south-western coasts of the Caspian Sea

Neogobius bathybious fish were caught in south-western coastal waters of the Caspian Sea, from Anzali to Zibakenar, by bottom trawl. Fish specimens numbering 97 were examined for intestinal parasites and prevalence, intensity and dominance were calculated for each kind of parasites. Four different parasites were isolated from the fish including Dichelyne minutes which with %85.56 prevalence and %65.76 intensity was the most important infecting parasite. Corynosoma strumosum showed %51.54, Anisakis sp. %12.37 and Eustrogylides excises %1.03 prevalence as the other isolated parasites in fish

The determinant factors underlying habitat selectivity and preference for Black fish Capoeta capoeta gracilis (Keyserling 1891) in Siyahrud River (a tributary of Sefidrud River basin)

Understanding habitat requirements of aquatic organisms is key factor for sustainable exploitation and biodiversity conservation of riverine ecosystems. The habitat preference in fish has extremely important for the management of fish populations. The habitat requirements of Black fish (Capoeta capoeta gracilis) in Siyahrud River -tributaries of the Sefidrud River in Caspian basin- were studied in 13 stations along the river during October to November 2013. Hydrological characteristics of the river including water velocity, depth and width, slope, altitude, type of substrate materials, and plant coverage were recorded for each station. Ranges of habitat use and habitat selectivity with regard to the availability of habitat units for different variables were measured using HABSEL software. Despite significant correlation between the water velocity and depth, results from multiple regressions showed preference for the depth range of 17 to 38 cm. The results showed that behavioral preference in C. capoeta gracilis for the velocity was between 0.44 and 0.56 m/s. Also, specimens tended to be present in cobble stone substrate. Therefore, the anthropogenic activities over the Siyahrod River changing the river width, depth, substrate and the flow rate may affect the presence and distribution of C. capoeta gracilis in the mentioned river

The comparison of satisfaction of prosthesis in below amputation men using a mechanical and Myoelectric prosthesis by using of TAPES questionnaire

Design and manufacturing of the Myoelecterical prosthesis (in compared to Mechanical prosthesis) is time consuming and expensive. Therefore, considering the high cost of these prostheses should be increase the satisfaction of prosthesis. This study was conducted on assessing the quality of life between two groups. The two groups compared from the aspect of quality of life. The participants were categorized in two groups of 20 below elbow amputation veterans that use from Mechanical or Myoelectrical prosthesis that refer to central technical orthopedic Kosar. For gathering the data we use TPEAS questionnaire. This questionnaire evaluates participants from 3 items: psychosocial adaptation, functional limitation and satisfaction of life. For data analysis use to t independent and ANOVA test. The obtained results revealed that there are significant differentiations in prosthesis satisfaction. This identified that the Myoelecterical groups have upper prosthesis satisfaction in compare to Mechanical group. Therefore the hypothesis of this research in terms of higher satisfaction in the Myoelecterical group was accepted. Keivani Hafshejani mA, Sattari Naeini M, Langari A. The comparison of satisfaction of prosthesis in below amputation men using a mechanical and Myoelectric prosthesis by using of TAPES questionnaire. Life Sci J 2012;9(4):5588-5592] (ISSN: 1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 83

On the functional limitation in below elbow amputation men using Mechanical and Myoelectric prosthesis via TAPES questionnaire

It is well established that the Myoelecterical prosthesis must also be effective, smart, light, strong and high permanence, compared to those of Mechanical prosthesis. It is time consuming and expensive that has ultimately led to significant increases in the price of Myoelecterical prosthesis. Therefore, considering the high cost of these prostheses should be decrease the functional limitation, hence assessment the functional limitations between two groups must be clear and explicit. Therefore this study was conducted in this regard. In this descriptive cross-sectional analytical study, to groups compared to each other from quality of life, participants was two groups of 20 below elbow amputation veterans that use from Mechanical or Myoelectrical prosthesis that refer to central technical orthopedic Kosar. For gathering the data we use TPEAS questionnaire. This questionnaire evaluates participants from 3 items: psychosocial adaptation, functional limitation and satisfaction of life. For data analysis use to t independent and ANOVA test. This research showed that there are significant differences between two groups from functional limitation. The findings identified that the Myoelecterical groups have lower functional limitation in compare to Mechanical group. So that the hypothesis of this research in terms of lower functional limitation in the Myoelecterical group was accepted. Keivani Hafshejani mA, Sattari Naeini M, Langari A. On the functional limitation in below elbow amputation men using Mechanical and Myoelectric prosthesis via TAPES questionnaire. Life Sci J 2012;9(4):5579-5582] (ISSN: 1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 82

Habitat suitability index of Barbus cyri (Heckel, 1843) in Tootkabon River, the South Caspian Sea basin, Iran

Knowledge of habitat requirements of aquatic animals plays an important role in fisheries and protection programs of aquatic ecosystems. Hence, this study was conducted to investigate the suitability indexes of habitat use and habitat suitability index (HSI) of Barbus cyri in its distribution range in Tootkabon River. A number of environmental variables, including elevation, water depth, river width, river slope, velocity, substrate type, and average diameter of bed stone, riparian vegetation type and the relative abundance of B. cyri at 13 stations and three replications from the downstream to upstream were examined during November 2013. The results showed that B. cyri mostly selects upper stretches of the river with higher velocity, middle depth, lower width and bed rock substrate i.e.bed with boulder cover and grasslands and also its residential area is of riparian type compared with the available ranges. Habitat selectivity index for B. cyri showed that the elevation is 130-220 m, water depth 18-75 cm, channel width less than 12 m, channel slope 0.5-2.3%, water velocity less than 0.8 m.s-1, bed rock substrate, average diameter of bed stone larger 15-50cm. Presence of these conditions with HSI of 0.798 indicates that Tootkabon River is an excellent habitat for B. cyri

Determining the relationship between depression and brain waves in depressed subjects using Pearson correlation and regression

Background and aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between brain waves and Beck Depression Inventory(BDI) score in clinical cases with depression. Methods: In this study, EEG was taken using neurofeedback device at the point F4 of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) of the brain of 60 depressed patients referred to psychiatric clinic. At the same time, Beck Depression Inventory was performed to assess the severity of depression. With the condition of artifact lower than 50, fourty one EEG related to the 41 subjects were remained after eliminating artifact. Results: The findings of this study confirm the mean decrease in alpha and theta waves and increase beta wave in the brain waves of depressed patients. Comprehensive analysis of the data with a multi-regression indicates a predictable BDI score at F4, based on two variables (mean beta and mean alpha) which reflects the depression increase by increased mean beta and decreased mean alpha according to the following equation: Depression based on Beck at F4 point is equal to: Beck’s depression score= mean beta (0.532)+mean Alpha (0.412). Conclusion: Due to rapid growth of the elderly population in the country as well as Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, considering the needs of this age group is an important necessity

Correlation between Gingival Expression of STAT1 and Chronic Periodontitis

Background: Periodontal disease is a most common inflammatory disease of periodontium. A wide variety of cytokines, chemokines and receptors are synthesized by gingival fibroblasts and inflammatory cells. Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription-1 (STAT)-1 is a transcription factor that plays a key role in the process of intracellular signal transduction through the JAK-STAT pathway in response to inflammatory cytokines, Therefore plays an important role in inflammatory diseases. So the aim of this study was to determine the correlation between STAT1 gingival gene expression and chronic periodontitis. Materials and Methods: For this purpose, gingival tissue sample were collected from 20 individuals with clinically healthy gingiva and 25 patients with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis. After homogenizing the gingival tissues, RNA was extracted by RNA isolation kit. After synthesis of cDNA, expression of STAT1 was evaluated by Real-time PCR. Results: Higher expression of STAT1 was found in chronic periodontitis in comparison to clinically healthy gingiva (P<0.001). Conclusion: In this study, STAT1 mRNA was significantly up-regulated in chronic periodontitis tissues as compared to healthy control tissues. These results suggest that the modulation of STAT1 expression may play an important role in the pathogenesis of the periodontal inflammatory process

The determinant factors underlying habitat selectivity and preference for Black fish Capoeta capoeta gracilis (Keyserling 1891) in Siyahrud River (a tributary of Sefidrud River basin)

Understanding habitat requirements of aquatic organisms is key factor for sustainable exploitation and biodiversity conservation of riverine ecosystems. The habitat preference in fish has extremely important for the management of fish populations. The habitat requirements of Black fish (Capoeta capoeta gracilis) in Siyahrud River -tributaries of the Sefidrud River in Caspian basin- were studied in 13 stations along the river during October to November 2013. Hydrological characteristics of the river including water velocity, depth and width, slope, altitude, type of substrate materials, and plant coverage were recorded for each station. Ranges of habitat use and habitat selectivity with regard to the availability of habitat units for different variables were measured using HABSEL software. Despite significant correlation between the water velocity and depth, results from multiple regressions showed preference for the depth range of 17 to 38 cm. The results showed that behavioral preference in C. capoeta gracilis for the velocity was between 0.44 and 0.56 m/s. Also, specimens tended to be present in cobble stone substrate. Therefore, the anthropogenic activities over the Siyahrod River changing the river width, depth, substrate and the flow rate may affect the presence and distribution of C. capoeta gracilis in the mentioned river