Lipid accumulation in isolated perfused rat hearts has no apparent effect on mechanical function or energy metabolism as measured by 31P NMR.

Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed diets that contained 20% by weight soybean oil or rapeseed oil (21% and 43% erucic acid) for 7 days. The rapeseed oil diets increased the cardiac triacylglycerol content 5-fold and 25-fold, respectively, above control values. Hearts were removed from the animals and perfused with modified Krebs-Henseleit buffer at 37 degrees C. The calculated rate-pressure product was used as a measure of contractile function. 31P NMR spectra were acquired throughout a protocol that consisted of 12 min control perfusion, followed by 12 min perfusion with 20 microM isoproterenol, 12 min washout, 12 min total global ischemia, and 28 min reperfusion. The steady state levels of creatine phosphate, ATP, intracellular pH, contractile function, and the free energy of ATP hydrolysis (delta GATP) were determined for all three groups of hearts. Isoproterenol more than doubled the rate-pressure product of the hearts on all diets and decreased the concentrations of creatine phosphate and ATP with a concomitant rise in Pi. After global ischemia, creatine phosphate levels recovered fully, ATP levels remained low, and most hearts developed ventricular fibrillation. Changes in intracellular pH were the same for all groups: pH was 7.1 throughout the equilibration and isoproterenol perfusion period, decreased to pH approximately 6.4 during ischemia, and returned to 7.0 during reperfusion. The results indicate that the fat accumulation that occurs in the hearts of rats fed diets rich in high erucic acid rapeseed oil does not interfere with the cardiac high energy phosphate metabolism or contractile function.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS

Valores de energia metabolizável de alimentos para pintos de corte na fase pré-inicial Metabolizable energy values of feedstuffs for young chickens from pre-initial phase

Um experimento foi realizado no Setor de Avicultura da Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), com duração de 6 dias, para determinar os valores energéticos de fontes protéicas para pintos de corte na fase pré-inicial. Utilizaram-se 480 pintos machos, Cobb, com 1 dia de idade que foram submetidos à metodologia de coleta total de excretas e distribuídos em 9 tratamentos com 6 repetições. Os tratamentos foram compostos por 4 alimentos protéicos de origem vegetal (farelo de soja, soja integral tostada, soja micronizada e farelo de glúten de milho) que substituíram a ração referência (RR) em 30% e 4 alimentos protéicos de origem animal (farinha de carne e ossos 40% e 45% de PB, farinha de peixe e farinha de vísceras), que substituíram a RR em 20%. Simultaneamente, 6 repetições de 8 aves foram colocadas em jejum para a determinação das perdas endógenas. As variáveis estudadas foram energia metabolizável aparente (EMA), verdadeira (EMV) e as EMA e EMV corrigidas para balanço de nitrogênio (EMAn, EMVn). Os alimentos de origem vegetal obtiveram valores de energia inferiores aos obtidos nas tabelas usuais de composição dos alimentos e os alimentos de origem animal, valores superiores.<br>An experiment was conducted in the Poultry Farm Sector of the Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA) with 6 days period duration to determine the energy values in protein sources for broiler chickens in the pre-initial phase. A total of 480 male chickens from Cobb line with one day old were submitted to the method of total excreta collection, allotted to nine treatments with six replicates each. The experimental unit consisted of eight chickens. The treatments were: 1- reference diet (RD); 2- RD with the addition of soybean meal; 3- RD with the addition of toasted soybean meal; 4- RD with the addition of micronized soybean meal; 5- RD with corn gluten meal; 6- RD with meat and bone meal 40; 7 - RD meat and bone meal 45; 8 - RD with fish meat; 9- RD with viscera meal. The protein feeds from vegetal by-products replaced RD by 30% and the protein feeds from animal by-product replaced by 20%. Simultaneously, six replicates of 8 chickens were placed in fasting to determine endogenous losses. The analyzed variables were the values of apparent metabolizable energy (AME), true metabolizable energy (TME) and the nitrogen balance corrected AME and TME (AMEn and TMEn, respectively). The protein feeds from vegetal by-products shown ME decresead in relation to usually table of the feed composition table and the protein feeds from animal by-products shown higher values than those cited in the current literature or feed tables