MSSM-inspired multifield inflation

Despite the fact that experimentally with a high degree of statistical significance only a single Standard Model--like Higgs boson is discovered at the LHC, extended Higgs sectors with multiple scalar fields not excluded by combined fits of the data are more preferable theoretically for internally consistent realistic models of particle physics. We analyze the inflationary scenarios which could be induced by the two-Higgs doublet potential of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) where five scalar fields have nonminimal couplings to gravity. Observables following from such MSSM-inspired multifield inflation are calculated and a number of consistent inflationary scenarios are constructed. Cosmological evolution with different initial conditions for the multifield system leads to consequences fully compatible with observational data on the spectral index and the tensor-to-scalar ratio. It is demonstrated that the strong coupling approximation is precise enough to describe such inflationary scenarios.Comment: 27 pages, 4 figures, 5 tables. Version to appear in JHEP. Additions made to the text of the Introduction dealing with the issues of conformity of this multifield model and models of N=1 supergravity (pages 2-3). Added new inflationary scenarios, which are an artifact of such analysis (pages 11-12, Tables 1-4). Additional comments on page 9 and page 13. New references adde

Crystal structure and conductivity of bismuth-containing complex oxides

In the paper, a comprehensive systematic study of different classes of bismuth containing oxide compounds was carried out. The relationship between composition, temperature and concentration regions of existence of stable, specific structure and properties of solid solutions on the basis of vanadates, molybdates, niobates and bismuth was found. The general regularities of synthesis of solid solutions with different variants of solid-phase and soluble methods were determined. On this basis, the optimal conditions for obtaining single-phase materials were formulated. For the first time the temperature and concentration boundaries of the regions of homogeneity and areas of stable existence of polymorphic modifications of solid solutions were defined and/or refined. The structural parameters of the synthesized phases were determined. By the method of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy the nature and features of impedance spectra, the temperature and concentration dependences of electrical conductivity of ceramic materials based on bismuth containing complex oxides were identified

Electrical discharges in the atmosphere of Venus

Data received from Venera 11 and 12 experiments involving the electrical activity of the atmosphere of Venus show that the electrical discharges occur in the cloud layer. Their energy is roughly the same as in terrestrial lightning, but with a pulse repetition frequency of the discharges which is much greater

Integrative metabolomics to identify molecular signatures of responses to vaccines and infections

Approaches to the identification of metabolites have progressed from early biochemical pathway evaluation to modern high-dimensional metabolomics, a powerful tool to identify and characterize biomarkers of health and disease. In addition to its relevance to classic metabolic diseases, metabolomics has been key to the emergence of immunometabolism, an important area of study, as leukocytes generate and are impacted by key metabolites important to innate and adaptive immunity. Herein, we discuss the metabolomic signatures and pathways perturbed by the activation of the human immune system during infection and vaccination. For example, infection induces changes in lipid (e.g., free fatty acids, sphingolipids, and lysophosphatidylcholines) and amino acid pathways (e.g., tryptophan, serine, and threonine), while vaccination can trigger changes in carbohydrate and bile acid pathways. Amino acid, carbohydrate, lipid, and nucleotide metabolism is relevant to immunity and is perturbed by both infections and vaccinations. Metabolomics holds substantial promise to provide fresh insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying the host immune response. Its integration with other systems biology platforms will enhance studies of human health and disease

Phase formation processes and synthesis of solid solutions in Ca-R-Nb-M-O systems

During the study of the phase formation process in Ca-R-Nb-M-O systems (R=La, Bi, M=Mo, W), an attempt was made to obtain single-phase compounds of CaRNbMO8 composition by the standard ceramic technique. In addition, samples based on LaNbO4, CaWO4, BiNbO4 were also synthesized by the standard ceramic technique. The phase composition of the samples was studied by XRD analysis. The electrical conductivity of the obtained solid solutions and potential composite materials was investigated by impedance spectroscopy

РОЛЬ ЕКОЛОГІЧНИХ ПОДАТКІВ У ПІДВИЩЕННІ РІВНЯ ЕКОЛОГІЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ ДЕРЖАВИ

The environmental types of taxes applied in the EU countries and Ukraine have been compared. The analysis of emission charges in Ukraine has been performed, and its ineffectiveness for the improvement of environmental safety has been proved. The most common EU environmental taxes have been considered, namely product, energy, and transport taxes; their share in regulation of environmental safety has been shown. The main reasons for low efficiency of the present-day Ukrainian environmental tax system have been elicited, and the improvement methods have been proposed.Здійснено порівняння видів екологічних податків європейських країн з екологічними податками, які застосовуються в Україні. Проаналізовано платежі за забруднення в Україні та доведено їх неефективність у розв'язанні проблем екологічної безпеки. Розглянуто найбільш поширені в країнаїх ЄС екологічні податки: податок на продукт, енергетичний і транспортний, та показана їх роль в регулюванні рівня екологічної безпеки. Виявлено основні проблеми низької ефективності сучасної системи екологічного оподаткування України в підвищенні рівня екологічної безпеки та запропоновано шляхи їх розв'язання

Reference intervals of the magnesium in the healthy individuals, residents of Astrakhan

Objective: to establish reference serum magnesium intervals in healthy individuals, residing in Astrakhan.Materials and methods: the investigated group was formed from 120 men and 120 women healthy residents of Astrakhan aged from 21 to 50 years (average age 37,6 ± 0,9). Th e study of calcium was carried out on an automatic biochemical analyzer “Cobas 311 c” (Roche Diagnostic, Germany) by photometric method.Results: the reference intervals for the magnesium in healthy men and women aged from 21 to 50 years, residing in Astrakhan is 0,72 – 0,99 mmol/L.Conclusion: the reference range of total magnesium, established by us, can be used in laboratories of Astrakhan, as it was developed taking into account domestic and foreign recommendations for selection donors for research and ensuring the quality of laboratory research at all stages