Поліморфізм качок породи shaoxing за мікросателітними локусами

Microsatellite markers are now been widely used for the detection and description of micropopulation processes occurring in the populations of domestic animals for the effects of various factors of breeding pressure. Microsatellite loci distributed throughout eukaryotic genomes, making them the preferred genetic marker for high resolution genetic mapping. In recent years, rapid advances have been made in the development of molecular genetic maps. High-density linkage maps are now available for many farm animals, such as cattle, pigs, and goats. In contrast, mapping studies in avian species are much less advanced except in the chicken. According to FAO about 70% of ducks are bred in China. This country is a leader in growing ducks. The Shaoxing breed is one of the three major duck breeds in China. Ducks of this breed are characterized by high performance. According to the Bureau of Product Quality, the age of maturity (the beginning of egg laying) in these birds occurs at 130–140 days. The characteristics of the Shaoxing breed include the fact that the peak period of laying eggs lasts from eight to ten months. On average, one duck in 500 days gives from 290 to 310 eggs, which is one of the highest rates for egg breeds. That is why the purpose of our study was the microsatellite analysis of two populations of Shaoxing breed with 9 locuses was conducted. The selection of birds for the study were carried out on a duck farms in Zhejiang Generation Biological Science and Technology Co., Ltd. and Zhuji Guowei Poultry Development Co, Ltd., and at the laboratory of the Jjejiang Academy of Sciences Institute. Samples collection and  DNA  preparation: Venous blood  samples  were  collected  from 480 ducks (240 ducks of population I and 240 ducks of population II of the Shaoxing breeds)  of  both populations  into  3  ml  tubes  containing  EDTA  as anticoagulant agent. In total of 9 investigated loci in the Shaoxing breed population, only one locus was monomorphic (SMO10). The number of different alleles (Na) for each polymorphic locus ranged from 2 (SMO12) to 13 (APL79, CMO11) in population I and from 2 (APL78, SMO12) to 7 (APL79) in population II. On average, one locus had 5.889 alleles in population I and 3.889 of alleles in the population II. The effective number of alleles (Nе) was 1.735 in population I and 1.599 in population II. The number of alleles and the expected heterozygosity (Hexp) values can provide important information for the discrimination of individuals and breeds. The index of expected heterozygosity in population I was 0.336 and 0.307 in population II. The information index (I) was 0,702 in population I and 0,576 in population II. For each population was found private alleles, in population I 6 alleles and in population II just 4 alleles. The results show high level of polymorphism of the studied populations of ducks. The obtained results can be used in the creation of new lines of ducks.У статті наведені результати досліджень генетичної структури двох популяцій качок породи шаосінь за використання дев’яти мікросателітних локусів. Птицю досліджували на качиних фермах компаній Zhejiang Generation Biological Science and Technology Co., Ltd. та Zhuji Guowei Poultry Development Co, Ltd. за підтримки лабораторії Poultry Genetics Laboratory of the Zhejiang Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Province, PRC). Було встановлено, що середнє число ефективних алелів (Ne) на локус у популяції І складало 1,735, а для популяції ІІ – 1,599. Показники інформаційного індексу становили 0,702 (популяція І) та 0,576 (популяція ІІ). Фактична гетерозиготність у популяції І була 0,298, а у популяції ІІ – 0,269. У результаті нашого дослідження для кожної популяції були виявлені приватні алелі. З 9 досліджених локусів, у популяції І було виявлено 6 приватних алелів, в той час, коли популяція ІІ мала лише 4 локуси. Загалом у популяції І виявлено 23 приватних алелів, а у популяції ІІ – 5. Найбільша кількість приватних алелів була в локусі CMO11 (9), а найменша – 1 алель у локусі SMO7 та SMO10 в популяції І. Популяція ІІ була бідніша на приватні алелі, так у локусі APL79 було 2 та по 1 у CMO11, SMO7, SMO10. Отримані результати свідчать про високий рівень внутрішньопородного поліморфізму шаосінь, що дозволяє розробку стратегій збереження та використання генетичних ресурсів качки за використання аналізу поліморфних локусів мікросателіті

Clinical features of post-COVID-19 period. Results of the international register “Dynamic analysis of comorbidities in SARS-CoV-2 survivors (AKTIV SARS-CoV-2)”. Data from 6-month follow-up

Aim. To study the clinical course specifics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and comorbid conditions in COVID-19 survivors 3, 6, 12 months after recovery in the Eurasian region according to the AKTIV register. Material and methods.The AKTIV register was created at the initiative of the Eurasian Association of Therapists. The AKTIV register is divided into 2 parts: AKTIV 1 and AKTIV 2. The AKTIV 1 register currently includes 6300 patients, while in AKTIV 2 — 2770. Patients diagnosed with COVID-19 receiving in- and outpatient treatment have been anonymously included on the registry. The following 7 countries participated in the register: Russian Federation, Republic of Armenia, Republic of Belarus, Republic of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Republic of Moldova, Republic of Uzbekistan. This closed multicenter register with two nonoverlapping branches (in- and outpatient branch) provides 6 visits: 3 in-person visits during the acute period and 3 telephone calls after 3, 6, 12 months. Subject recruitment lasted from June 29, 2020 to October 29, 2020. Register will end on October 29, 2022. A total of 9 fragmentary analyzes of the registry data are planned. This fragment of the study presents the results of the post-hospitalization period in COVID-19 survivors after 3 and 6 months. Results. According to the AKTIV register, patients after COVID-19 are characterized by long-term persistent symptoms and frequent seeking for unscheduled medical care, including rehospitalizations. The most common causes of unplanned medical care are uncontrolled hypertension (HTN) and chronic coronary artery disease (CAD) and/or decompensated type 2 diabetes (T2D). During 3- and 6-month follow-up after hospitalization, 5,6% and 6,4% of patients were diagnosed with other diseases, which were more often presented by HTN, T2D, and CAD. The mortality rate of patients in the post-hospitalization period was 1,9% in the first 3 months and 0,2% for 4-6 months. The highest mortality rate was observed in the first 3 months in the group of patients with class II-IV heart failure, as well as in patients with cardiovascular diseases and cancer. In the pattern of death causes in the post-hospitalization period, following cardiovascular causes prevailed (31,8%): acute coronary syndrome, stroke, acute heart failure. Conclusion. According to the AKTIV register, the health status of patients after COVID-19 in a serious challenge for healthcare system, which requires planning adequate health system capacity to provide care to patients with COVID-19 in both acute and post-hospitalization period

ЕФЕКТИВНІ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ ВЛАШТУВАННЯ ПАЛЬОВОГО ФУНДАМЕНТУ З АНТИФРИКЦІЙНИМ ШАРОМ У ПОСАДОЧНИХ ГРУНТАХ ІІ ТИПУ

The article considers application of the method of erecting pile foundation with antifriction coverage in waterrepellant sprinkling. It has been noted that in application of the sprinkling protective screen from water-repellant soil is being formed for protection of the pile serface from bio-aggressive conditions of the soil environment. The author also provides the list of operations concerning arrangement of bored-pile foundation with water-repellant sprinkling.Рассмотрено применение способа возведения свайного фундамента с антифрикционным слоем в гидрофобизированной обсыпке. Отмечается, что при обсыпке образуется защитный экран из гидрофобизированного грунта для защиты поверхности сваи от биоагрессивных условий окружающей грунтовой среды. Также приводится перечень операций относительно устройства свайного буронабивного фундамента с гидрофобизированной обсыпкой. Розглянуто застосування способу влаштування пальового фундаменту з антифрикційним шаром в гідрофобізованій обсипці. Відмічається, що під час обсипання утворюється захисний екран з гідрофобізованого ґрунту для захисту поверхні палі від біоагресивних умов навколишнього ґрунтового середовища. Наведено перелік операцій щодо влаштування пальового буронабивного фундаменту з гідрофобізованою обсипкою

Wetting and interfacial behavior of Fe, Co, Ni on (Ti, Zr, Hf, Nb, Ta)C high entropy ceramics

The wetting of (Ti, Zr, Hf, Nb, Ta)C) high entropy carbide ceramics by molten metals was studied using a sessile drop method in a vacuum environment. Fe, Co, and Ni demonstrate good wetting with the (Ti, Zr, Hf, Nb, Ta)C substrate forming a final contact angle of 20°, 30°, and 22°, respectively. A detailed characterization of solidified couples was performed by scanning electronic microscopy to study the microstructure of the drop and interaction region. Dissolution of the (Ti, Zr, Hf, Nb, Ta)C ceramics components into metal accompanied with metal penetration into the ceramic's substrate was found to occur during high-temperature tests. Formation of (Nb,Ta)C– ZrC-, HfC-based solid solutions and Me5(Ti,Zr,Hf) intermetallics takes place in the (Ti, Zr, Hf, Nb, Ta)C–Me systems due to dissolution-recrystallization phenomena

EGG PRODUCTIVITY OF EGFP-TRANSGENIC DUCKS

The results of the analysis of egg production of two generations transgenic ducks (TD) by EGFP gene are presented in the article. TD were obtained by transferring foreign DNA using sperm (SMGT). The egg production of first-generation TD (experimental group) was compared with that of non-transgenic ducks (control group) of the same age and line. The experiment used 14 ducks (7 transgenic in the experimental group and 7 non-transgenic in the control group). A total of 800 eggs (400 in each group) were analyzed in terms of egg mass, egg height and width, egg shape index, egg shell thickness and strength, point of lay. The performance of the experimental group by egg weight was 65.85 ± 0.22 g, control 69.70 ± 0.23 g. The length and width of the egg in the experimental group was 5.92 ± 0.01 and 4.41 ± 0.01 cm, in the control 6.01 ± 0.01 and 4.50 ± 0.01 cm. The egg shape index in the experimental group was 74.50 ± 0.17 %, in the control 74.93 ± 0.16 %. The shell thickness in the experimental group was 473.80 ± 1.30 μm, in the control 450.10 ± 1.20 μm. The strength of the shell was 4839.90 ± 125.02 g in the experimental group and 4789.13 ± 38.43 g in the control group. Point of lay in the experimental group was 147.86 ± 21.20 days, in the control group 146.14 ± 23.51 days. Thus, the experimental group was inferior to the egg weight control group by 5.52 % (3.85 g) and the shape index by 0.43 %, with a larger shell thickness of 5.27 % (23.70 μm), a shell strength of 1.06 % (50.77 g), and point of lay by 1.18 % (1.72 days). In the second generation, the performance of 20 TD (descendants of first generation TD) was compared to the performance of 20 non-transgenic ducks of the same age and line. The experimental group (TD) was inferior to the control (non-transgenic) by: live weight by 3.62 % (56.9 g); of the index of the form by 0.24 %, with the control group by weight of eggs by 0.26 % (0.18 g) and lay (by 0.94 %). The studies show that TD do not have clear differences from their non-transgenic analogues, that is, the effect of the transgene did not affect the parameters analyzed in this study. Keywords: laying, transgenic bird, morphometric parameters of egg, EGFP gene, shaoxing breed, duc