10 research outputs found
Acoustique previsionnelle Modelisation de la propagation dans les locaux industriels encombres a partir de la technique des rayons - logiciel RAYSCAT
Available at INIST (FR), Document Supply Service, under shelf-number : 18477, issue : a.1987 n.67 / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueSIGLEFRFranc
FRUINOV - Recherche participative de variĂ©tĂ©s fruitiĂšres adaptĂ©es Ă la rĂ©gion Provence-Alpes-CĂŽte dâAzur
The FRUINOV CASDAR project (2016-2019) evaluated and described regional varieties and varieties of regional interest, and also selected and upgraded varieties less susceptible to pests and diseases of 7 fruit species of economic interest (almond, apricot, cherry, peach, pear, apple and plum), adapted to soil conditions and climate of the Provence-Alpes-CĂŽte-d'Azur area. These studied varieties are kept in collection orchards without inputs or under very low level of organic inputs depending on the species.The use of varieties adapted to the local conditions is a compulsory basis for the development of organic agriculture, agroforestry and more widely to consider a reduction of inputs in agriculture.The varieties were selected according to a participatory methodology and were initially intended to supply short and local food chains, and then other types of markets. This methodology included the diversity of actors in the sector, from producers to consumers. This project is also included in the current âproduce differentlyâ approach of the educational campaign and thus raises awareness among the farmers of the future. All the results obtained are gathered on the website to facilitate the search for information on regional varieties of PACA and to find a professional of this regional fruit sector.Le projet CASDAR FRUINOV (2016-2019) a permis dâĂ©valuer et de dĂ©crire des variĂ©tĂ©s rĂ©gionales et dâintĂ©rĂȘt rĂ©gional, mais Ă©galement de sĂ©lectionner et de revaloriser des variĂ©tĂ©s rustiques ou peu sensibles aux bioagresseurs dâune diversitĂ© variĂ©tale de 7 espĂšces fruitiĂšres dâintĂ©rĂȘt Ă©conomique (amandier, abricotier, cerisier, pĂȘcher, poirier, pommier et prunier), adaptĂ©es aux conditions pĂ©doclimatiques de la rĂ©gion Provence-Alpes-CĂŽte-dâAzur. Ces variĂ©tĂ©s Ă©tudiĂ©es sont conservĂ©es en vergers de collection sans intrant voire sous trĂšs faible niveau dâintrants bio selon les espĂšces.Lâutilisation de variĂ©tĂ©s adaptĂ©es aux particularitĂ©s territoriales est une base indispensable au dĂ©veloppement de lâagriculture biologique, de lâagroforesterie et plus largement pour envisager une rĂ©duction des intrants.Les variĂ©tĂ©s ont Ă©tĂ© sĂ©lectionnĂ©es selon une mĂ©thodologie participative et destinĂ©es, dans un premier temps, Ă alimenter les circuits courts et de proximitĂ©, et dans un second temps, les autres types de marchĂ©s. Cette mĂ©thodologie a inclus la diversitĂ© des acteurs de la filiĂšre, de la production Ă la consommation. Ce projet sâest Ă©galement inscrit dans la campagne pĂ©dagogique actuelle « produire autrement » et ainsi sensibiliser les agriculteurs de demain. Lâensemble des rĂ©sultats obtenus est regroupĂ© sur le site https://fruinov.grab.fr pour faciliter la recherche dâinformations sur les variĂ©tĂ©s rĂ©gionales et dâintĂ©rĂȘt rĂ©gional PACA et Ă©galement pour trouver un acteur de cette filiĂšre fruits rĂ©gionaux
Impact of Body Mass Index, Age, Prostate Volume, and Genetic Polymorphisms on Prostate-specific Antigen Levels in a Control Population
International audienceProstate-specific antigen (PSA) is still the cornerstone of prostate cancer (PCa) screening and diagnosis in both research and current clinical practice. Inaccuracy of PSA is partly due to the influence of a number of genetic, clinical, and biological factors modifying PSA blood levels. In the present study, we detailed the respective influence of each factor among age, body mass index (BMI), prostate volume, and five single-nucleotide polymorphisms-rs10788160 (10q26), rs10993994 (10q11), rs11067228 (12q24), rs17632542 (19q13.33), and rs2928679 (8p21)-on PSA values in a cohort of 1374 men without PCa. Our results show that genetic factors, when risk variants are combined, influence PSA levels with an effect size similar to that of BMI. Taken together, the respective correlations of clinical parameters and genetic parameters would make it possible to correct and adjust PSA values more effectively in each individual. These results establish the basis to understand and implement a more personalised approach for the interpretation of PSA blood levels in the context of PCa screening and diagnosis. PATIENT SUMMARY: Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) values in an individual may vary according to genetic predisposition. The effect size of this variation can be significant, comparable with those resulting from clinical characteristics. Personalised PSA testing should take this into accoun
CorrĂ©lation des altĂ©rations gĂ©nĂ©tiques Ă lâagressivitĂ© anatomo-pathologique des carcinomes urothĂ©liaux de la vessie : performance du test BCA-1
International audienceIntroduction: Urothelial carcinomas are the fourth leading cause of cancer in humans. Their incidence is increasing by more than 50% in 25 years. The superficial forms (70% cases) require a close active surveillance to identify frequent recurrences and progression to invasive stage. Our main goal was to identify prognostic molecular markers for bladder cancer that could be used alone or in combination in routine clinical practice. In this aim, we evaluated the capability of the BCA-oligo test based on a CGH array to correctly classify tumoral grade/stage.Method: Urinary DNA was extracted from 81 patients with superficial bladder cancer and has been hybridized on the BCA-oligo array. The results from the molecular analysis were correlated with the tumoral grade and stage.Results: Several chromosomal alterations were significantly more frequent in tumors of higher grade and more advanced stage. A significant association was observed between a high grade and the presence of one of these alterations: loss on 6p, gain on 8q or 13q, loss or gain on 9q or 11q, with an odds ratio of 6.91 (95% CI = 2.20â21.64; P = 0.0009). Moreover, a significant association was found between a more advanced stage (pT1) and the presence of one of these alterations: loss on 6p, gain on 8q, loss or gain on 5p, with an odds ratio of 15.2 (95% CI = 3.71â62.58; P = 0.0002).Conclusion: Our results showed that molecular analyses of superficial bladder cancers based on urinary DNA and the BCA-oligo test could be used as prognostic factor for the tumor evolution, allowing then a more adapted clinical management.Introduction: Les carcinomes urothĂ©liaux reprĂ©sentent la quatriĂšme cause de cancer chez lâhomme. Leur incidence est en augmentation de plus de 50 % depuis 25 ans. Les formes superficielles (70 % cas) nĂ©cessitent une surveillance active rapprochĂ©e afin dâidentifier les rĂ©cidives frĂ©quentes et lâĂ©volution vers un stade invasif. Notre Ă©tude visait Ă identifier des marqueurs molĂ©culaires pronostiques pour le cancer de la vessie pouvant ĂȘtre utilisĂ©s seuls ou en combinaison dans la pratique clinique de routine. Dans ce but, nous avons Ă©valuĂ© la capacitĂ© de la puce CGH du test BCA-oligo Ă classer correctement en grade/stade ces tumeurs superficielles.MĂ©thode: LâADN de 81 Ă©chantillons urinaires de patients atteints dâun cancer de vessie superficiel a Ă©tĂ© extrait et hybridĂ© sur la puce BCA-oligo. Les rĂ©sultats de lâanalyse molĂ©culaire ont Ă©tĂ© corrĂ©lĂ©s au grade et stade tumoraux.RĂ©sultats: Plusieurs altĂ©rations chromosomiques Ă©taient significativement plus frĂ©quentes dans les tumeurs de haut grade ou de stade plus avancĂ©. Une association trĂšs significative a Ă©tĂ© observĂ©e entre un haut grade tumoral et la prĂ©sence dâau moins une des altĂ©rations suivantes : perte en 6p, gain en 8q ou 13q, perte ou gain en 9q ou 11q, avec un odds ratio de 6,91 (IC = 2,20â21,64 ; p = 0,0009). De plus, une corrĂ©lation trĂšs significative a Ă©tĂ© trouvĂ©e entre le stade plus invasif pT1 et la prĂ©sence dâau moins une des altĂ©rations suivantes : perte en 6p, gain en 8q, perte ou gain en 5p, avec un odds ratio de 15,2 (IC = 3,71â62,58 ; p = 0,0002).Conclusion: Nos rĂ©sultats montrent que lâanalyse molĂ©culaire des tumeurs superficielles de vessie basĂ©e sur lâADN urinaire et le test BCA-oligo pourrait ĂȘtre utilisĂ©e comme facteur de pronostic pour lâĂ©volution des tumeurs, permettant ainsi une prise en charge clinique mieux adaptĂ©e
SWEET - Optimisation des stratĂ©gies de biocontrĂŽle par la stimulation de lâimmunitĂ© des plantes avec des applications dâinfra-doses de sucres simples
A biocontrol method based on exogenous foliar applications of sugar infra-doses (fructose, sucrose, glucose) has been developed to strengthen plant immunity against certain herbivores and pathogens. The SWEET project has made progress on this innovative subject of biocontrol, both on the acquisition of new agronomic references in the field and on the mechanisms induced in the plant. In vitro applications of sugars are well perceived in apple and vine models. The effects are multiple: on defense genes, metabolism genes, volatile compounds, epiphytic bacterial communities. The results obtained in natural conditions indicated that the protective effect observed is partial and showed variations over time. Technical data sheets that can be distributed to the agricultural profession have been drawn up to recommend the use of sugars. From a regulatory point of view, the two sugars of interest, fructose and sucrose, have been approved as a basic substance in 2014 and 2015, and can be used in organic farming. In addition, requests to extend the use of these two sugars to other targets tested in the project were approved by the European Commission in July 2020.Une mĂ©thode de biocontrĂŽle reposant sur des applications exogĂšnes foliaires dâinfra-doses de sucres (fructose, saccharose, glucose) a Ă©tĂ© dĂ©veloppĂ©e afin de renforcer lâimmunitĂ© des plantes contre certains herbivores et pathogĂšnes. Le projet SWEET a permis dâavancer sur ce sujet innovant de biocontrĂŽle aussi bien sur lâacquisition de nouvelles rĂ©fĂ©rences agronomiques au champ, que sur les mĂ©canismes induits dans la plante. In vitro, les applications de sucres sont bien perçues sur les modĂšles pommier et vigne. Les effets sont multiples : sur les gĂšnes de dĂ©fense, les gĂšnes du mĂ©tabolisme, les composĂ©s volatils, les communautĂ©s bactĂ©riennes Ă©piphytes. Les rĂ©sultats obtenus en conditions naturelles ont permis de montrer que lâeffet protecteur observĂ© est partiel et pose souvent des problĂšmes de rĂ©pĂ©tabilitĂ©. Des fiches techniques diffusables auprĂšs de la profession agricole ont Ă©tĂ© rĂ©digĂ©es afin de prĂ©coniser lâutilisation des sucres. Du point de vue rĂ©glementaire, les deux sucres dâintĂ©rĂȘt, fructose et saccharose, ont Ă©tĂ© approuvĂ©s en substance de base en 2014 et 2015, et sont utilisables en agriculture biologique. Par ailleurs, les demandes dâextension dâusage de ces deux sucres sur dâautres cibles testĂ©es dans le projet ont Ă©tĂ© approuvĂ©es par la Commission EuropĂ©enne en juillet 2020