83 research outputs found
Redistribution of ions within the active layer and upper permafrost, Yamal, Russia
A landslide-affected slope was chosen to study the ionic migration in the active layer and upper portion of permafrost. The research was conducted in two stages, in 1994 and 2001. Several boreholes, in dry and wet environments of the shearing surface of a 1989-landslide, were drilled. A background borehole on an undisturbed site was sampled as well. Each sample, collected from the core, underwent a conventional chemical cation-anion analysis. The results showed desalinization of the active layer and upper permafrost, which occurred in 7 years. Different migration rates noted for various salts determine change of ionic composition from marine pattern to continental, because mobile ions are washed away by surface and subsurface runoff, while the less mobile ones are accumulating in the upper portion of the active layer due to capillary rise and at the active layer base on a geochemical barrier
ΠΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ-ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π·Π½Π΅Π²ΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΠ° Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·Π°
A classification of cryogenic-landslide landforms is developed for mapping their distribution and dynamics. It is based on the previously suggested classification subdividing cryogenic landsliding into two main types: cryogenic translational landslides (or active-layer detachment slides), and cryogenic earth flows (or retrogressive thaw slumps). The increased proportion of retrogressive thaw slumps compared to active layer detachments in the North of West Siberia in the last decade creates the need for an expanded classification of cryogenic earth flows. One of the important issues is separating the process of landsliding and resulting landforms, which in English are covered by one term βretrogressive thaw slumpβ. In dealing with the landforms, we distinguish (1) open and (2) closed ones. Open cryogenic-landslide landforms are those formed by the retreating of the coast bluff due to the thaw of ice or ice-rich deposits with an additional impact from wave or stream action. Closed cryogenic-landslide landforms are those initiated on a slope landward, and thawed material is delivered to the coast or stream through an erosional channel. Morphologically we distinguish thermocirques and thermoterraces depending on the shape of the retreating headwall, crescent or linear, respectively. An important issue is the type of ground ice subjected to thaw: tabular, ice-wedge or constitutional ground ice are distinguished. Landforms can be active, stabilized or ancient. One can find both single landforms and their combination. The classification is based on a significant amount of field studies and interpretation of remote sensing data. Mapping of the cryogenic-landslide landforms is suggested using the proposed classification and indication features. The classification is based on the experience obtained mainly in the north of West Siberia. Applying it to other regions may require additional studies.Π Π°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π° ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ-ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π·Π½Π΅Π²ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°, ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π·Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ (ΠΠΠ’Π€Π ), Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ. Π ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΡ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΄ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΠ΅ΠΌΠ»ΠΈ. ΠΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅, ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄, ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ ΠΠΠ’Π€Π , ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅, ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΈΡ
Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΠΠ’Π€Π . ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΠΠ’Π€Π Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π‘ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΠΈ
ΠΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ³ΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΊ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ³Π΅ ΠΠ°ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ β Π’Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ
The thawing of polygonal ice wedges determines the dynamics of polygonal peatland relief. The polygonal peat plateaus in the Pur-Taz interfluve account for an average of 6,5 % of the total area. The purpose of the proposed study is to establish the short-term rates and direction of change in the plateausβ relief under the combined action of technogenic and natural factors, using monitoring data for the period 2005β2022. Based on satellite images and orthophotoplans, elements of the peat plateaus have been outlined and their areas have been determined for different time slices. The studies were carried out on a peat plateau immediately adjacent to the highway (T1) and on a background peat plateau at a distance of about 1.5 km from the highway (T2). To identify the natural causes of changes in the relief of the peat plateaus, the influence of climatic parameters is considered. The rates of relief change in natural conditions and under the impact of the highway are also compared. It has been established that in the area to the north-west of the highway the relief of the T1 polygonal peat plateau has stabilized. In the south-east section of T1, degradation has sharply increased after the construction of the highway. Due to the degradation of the polygons, the polygonal troughs expanded. In the background peat plateau T2, the rate of relief degradation is somewhat higher than in the northwestern portion of T1. Comparison of the main climatic parameters and degradation rates of the polygonal relief did not show any clear correlations. Probably, of greater importance are the regime of atmospheric precipitation, the redistribution of surface runoff and recurrence of flooding and drainage of the polygonal troughs, determined by the rhythmic course of the relief degradation.ΠΡΡΠ°ΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ³ΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΆΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ² (ΠΠΠ) ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ³ΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ². ΠΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ³ΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΡΡ-Π’Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡ Π² ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΌ 6,5 % ΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈ. Π¦Π΅Π»ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈ Π΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ², ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π΅ Π·Π° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ 2005β2022 Π³Π³. ΠΠΎ ΡΠΏΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΊΠ°ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Π°ΠΌ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈ Π·Π° ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ΅, Π½Π΅ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ»Π΅Π³Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ³Π΅, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΠΉ Π±Π΅ΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ (Π’1), ΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π² 1,5 ΠΊΠΌ ΠΎΡ Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΈ (Π’2). ΠΠ»Ρ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊ. Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΊ ΡΠ΅Π²Π΅ΡΠΎ-Π·Π°ΠΏΠ°Π΄Ρ ΠΎΡ Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΈ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ³ΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π’1. ΠΠ° ΡΠ³ΠΎ-Π²ΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠ΅ Π’1 Π΄Π΅Π³ΡΠ°Π΄Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π° Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΊΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡ. ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ³ΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π²Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡ Π·Π° ΡΡΠ΅Ρ Π΄Π΅Π³ΡΠ°Π΄Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ³ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ². ΠΠ° ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ Π’2 ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ΅, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π²Π΅ΡΠΎ-Π·Π°ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠ΅ Π’1. Π‘ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π΄Π΅Π³ΡΠ°Π΄Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ³ΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΠ° Π½Π΅ Π΄Π°Π»ΠΎ ΡΠ²Π½ΡΡ
Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎ, Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌ Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄ΠΊΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ² Π·Π°ΡΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ³ΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π² ΠΈ ΠΈΡ
Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π΅Π³ΡΠ°Π΄Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°
Assessment of spring floods and surface water extent over the Yamalo-Nenets autonomous district
Remote sensing of Arctic water bodies is an essential method for monitoring the dynamics of frozen ground. Thaw lake change provides insight into the state of permafrost. In the vast Arctic and sub-Arctic areas capturing changes in lake extent is assisted by satellite data. In particular, active microwave sensors can be used in a straightforward manner for water body classifications.This study uses the pan-Siberian datasets that are provided under the ESA STSE-ALANIS methane project. Surface water classifications in 10-day intervals have been produced using Envisat ASAR (Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar) operating in wide swath mode. The high temporal frequency of these data allows an investigation of surface hydrology on an intra-annual basis.The current study applies a post-processing algorithm to the ALANIS products in order to investigate changes in surface inundation across the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District over the summer period of 2007. Multiple areas are found to exhibit changes in surface inundation. Strong seasonal variations occur in areas where previous investigations determined disappearing lakes. Spring floods associated with the depletion of snow-cover and melt waters as well as floodplain dynamics can be identified. On the Yamal peninsula, these changes occur most dominantly in the west; an area subject to anthropogenic land-use change. Changes in water body extent for each hot spot of seasonal variations are quantified and discussed.European Space Agency (ESA) Support to Science Element (STSE) programme (ESRIN)the European Union FP7-ENVAustrian Science Fund (FWF
Tabular ground ice origin: cryolithological and isotope-geochemical study
An integrated cryolithological-isotope-geochemical study was undertaken at five sites in the Arctic within the framework of a three-year INTAS project. The conclusion based on geochemical analyses is that at the Asian westernmost Yugorsky to the easternmost Chukotka, marine sedimentation changed to subaerial followed by permafrost and massive ice formation due to the regression of the polar basin. Burial of the surface ice was possible, mainly in the mountainous areas of the Arctic coasts, i.e. the Urals and Chukotka
Tabular ground ice mapping technique on the central Yamal
Π ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π±ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π° ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠ° Π³Π»ΡΠ±ΠΈΠ½Ρ Π·Π°Π»Π΅Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»ΡΠ΄Π°. ΠΠ°ΡΡΠ° Π±Π°Π·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌΡ Π»Π°Π½Π΄ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ². Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ Π»ΡΠ΄Ρ Π·Π°Π»Π΅Π³Π°ΡΡ Π±Π»ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΠ½, Π° Π³Π»ΡΠ±ΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠ°Ρ
, ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΠΌ.The Map of tabular ground ice depth was compiled as a result of the analysis of borehole and published data. The Map is based on a landscape featuresindicators method. It is established that tabular ground ice occurs closer to the surface within outliers of marine plains, and deeper at the lowered surfaces subjected to thermokarst
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