428 research outputs found
Experimental demonstration of gridless spectrum and time optical switching
An experimental demonstration of gridless spectrum and time switching is presented. We propose and demonstrate a bit-rate and modulation-format independent optical cross-connect architecture, based on gridless spectrum selective switch, 20-ms 3D-MEMS and 10-ns PLZT optical switches, that supports arbitrary spectrum allocation and transparent time multiplexing. The architecture is implemented in a four-node field-fiber-linked testbed to transport continuous RZ and NRZ data channels at 12.5, 42.7 and 170.8 Gb/s, and selectively groom sub-wavelength RZ channels at 42.7 Gb/s. We also showed that the architecture is dynamic and can be reconfigured to meet the routing requirements of the network traffic. Results show error-free operation with an end-to-end power penalty between 0.8 dB and 5 dB for all continuous and sub-wavelength channels
Birefringence upper limit analysis of low birefringence fibers employed in the Faraday effect current sensors
The theoretical model of the Faraday rotation in the low birefringence optical fiber is proposed to serve as a convenient tool for the determination of the birefringence upper limit allowed to retain current sensor sensitivity. The measurement technique offers a fast and efficient determination of the ultra-low linear birefringence when other techniques are not sensitive enough or they are difficult to implement. A temperature dependence of the Faraday rotation and its causes are investigated
Field trial of a 15 Tb/s adaptive and gridless OXC supporting elastic 1000-fold all-optical bandwidth granularity
An adaptive gridless OXC is implemented using a 3D-MEMS optical backplane plus optical modules (sub-systems) that provide elastic spectrum and time switching functionality. The OXC adapts its architecture on demand to fulfill the switching requirements of incoming traffic. The system is implemented in a seven-node network linked by installed fiber and is shown to provide suitable architectures on demand for three scenarios with increasing traffic and switching complexity. In the most complex scenario, signals of mixed bit-rates and modulation formats are successfully switched with flexible per-channel allocation of spectrum, time and space, achieving over 1000-fold bandwidth granularity and 1.5 Tb/s throughput with good end-to-end performance
Near-infrared Fourier transform room-temperature photoluminescence of erbium complexes
A modified Fourier transform (FT) Raman bench spectrometer designed for the detection of weak light emission in the 800–1700 nm wavelength region has been used to demonstrate the advantages of FT spectroscopy for measuring near-infrared photoluminescence spectra of lanthanide complexes with a good resolution and very good sensitivity. This apparatus has been tested with an ultraviolet laser source (325 nm) on three standard erbium complexes. The 4I13/24I15/2 emission of tris-(acetylacetonato) (1,10 phenanthroline) erbium [Er(acac)3(phen)], tris-(4,4,4,-trifluoro-1-(2 thenoyl)-1,3-butenedione) (1,10 phenanthroline) erbium [Er(TTFA)3(phen)] and tris(8-hydroxyquinolinato) erbium [Erq3] has thus been recorded in solution and in the solid state and compared with literature. ©2003 American Institute of Physics
PAS1 COMPARISON OF TREATMENT WITH BUDESONIDE/FORMOTEROL (BUD/FM) PLUS BUD/FM PRN AS SINGLE INHALERTREATMENT VERSUS REGULAR BUD AND FM PLUS FM PRN AS MONOPRODUCTS IN PATIENTS WITH ASTHMA IN GREECE
Transverse excitation of plasmonic slot nano-resonators embedded in metal-coated plasmonic microfiber tips
Design and analysis of beam steering multicore fiber optical switches
The design and performance characteristics of a beam steering optical switch for multicore fibers (MCFs) are reported. Port count, core count, transmission crosstalk or a combination thereof can be optimized for the required application. Decreasing port separation or increasing the maximum steering angle both increase port count, whilst a higher core count or larger mode field diameter increase port capacity or port count respectively at the expense of greater intercore crosstalk. Potential losses from system misalignments and fiber fabrication variations in the core pitch are also estimated. A 50 port switch is possible for a 25 μm core pitch 7 core hexagonal trench assisted MCF (TA-MCF) with a total mean statistical crosstalk on the central core of -25 dB after 1 km, assuming a operational wavelength of 1550 nm and maximum collimator actuator angle of 10 degrees. In contrast, a high capacity 25 μm core pitch 61 core hexagonal TA-MCF can still offer up to a 5 port switch for the same level of crosstalk. For longer link distances, -25 dB crosstalk after 100 km (metro network) is achievable for a 50 port switch using a 35 μm core pitch 7 core TA-MCF. Similar levels of crosstalk can be accomplished at 1000 km (core network) for a 41 port switch using a 35 μm core pitch 7 core TA-MCF
Gridless optical networking field trial: flexible spectrum switching, defragmentation and transport of 10G/40G/100G/555G over 620-km field fiber
We report the first gridless networking field trial with flexible spectrum switching nodes over 620 km field fibre links. Successful transport, spectrum switching and defragmentation achieved for mixed line signals including 555G and coherent 100G
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