The functional status of forestry industry workers in the Far North during the shift period

All over the world, the timber industry is one of the most physically hazardous industries. Working in such conditions is accompanied by an increase in the risk of unfavorable functional states and a critical decrease in professional reliability. Monitoring the workers’ state during the shift period will allow to determine the adaptation degree of personnel to work, as well as to identify the days of the shift arrival with a high risk of injury caused by the unfavorable state of workers.The aim. To identify and describe the functional states dynamics of loggers during the entire shift period in the Far North as their adaptation degree to work.Methods. Objective: collection of saliva for the determination of cortisol, psychophysiological instrumental methods; projective: M. Luscher’s color test; subjective – questionnaire “Well-being. Activity. Mood” by V.А. Doskin et al.; statistical methods: descriptive statistics. The study involved 24 shift workers of a logging enterprise, with whom we conducted daily monitoring of objective, projective and subjective characteristics of their functional state in the morning and evening during a fourteenday shift visit.Results. According to the objective, projective and subjective indicators of functional states, their consistently favorable level is observed with multidirectional peaks during the shift change period and a slight decrease at the end of the shift, which demonstrates the staff’ adaptability to work. The operator performance is somewhat higher in the second half of the shift period, but in general it is below average due to the reduced quality of task performance. An increased free cortisol level was revealed in employees during the entire shift period with a high functional reserves level of the body. During the shift change period, the risks associated with the efficiency and safety of labor increase, which undoubtedly requires consideration by the management of enterprises

Interrelation of individual-personal qualities and dynamics of functional states participants of the sea Arctic expedition

The issues of psychological adaptation of a person to the extreme conditions of the Arctic continue to be relevant at the present time. Dynamic monitoring of human functional states is an effective technology that allows timely identification of the level of human adaptation to the conditions of the North and implementation of preventive measures to maintain health in extreme working conditions.   The aim of the study is to identify and describe the relationship of individual-personal qualities and the dynamics of the functional states of the participants of the marine Arctic expedition.   Methods. Psychophysiological testing using the device UPFT-1/30-«Psychophysiolog» (variational cardiointervalometry, complex visual-motor reaction); color preference test (M. Luscher, adapted by L. N. Sobchik) with calculation of interpretation coefficients by G. A. Aminev; Five-factor personality questionnaire (R. McCrae and P. Costa, adapted by A. B. Khromov); statistical methods: descriptive statistics, frequency analysis, correlation analysis using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. The study was conducted daily in the morning and evening for 20 days on the research vessel Mikhail Somov in June 2021. The study involved 39 people, including participants in the scientific and educational expeditionary project “Arctic Floating University–2021”.   Results. The dynamics of psychophysiological and projective psychological parameters of the functional states of the expedition members as a whole is characterized by favorable levels, which indicates their adaptation to the conditions of high latitudes. According to the results of the correlation analysis, statistically significant relationships were revealed between the dynamics of functional states and such individual-personal qualities as: extraversion − introversion and attachment − separation.   Conclusion. The results of the study are consistent with the data of previous expeditions of the “Arctic floating university” and other polar expeditions. The revealed interrelations of functional states with different personality characteristics of the participants testify in favor of the complex nature of the study using different groups of diagnostic methods

Informative significance of serum cytokines and their importance for development of metabolic syndrome with arterial hypertension in elderly persons

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is among the main public health challenges worldwide, leading to significant labor losses, increased costs for treatment and rehabilitation of the patients. The aim of the present study was to identify the informative serum interleukins, by determining the odds ratio in elderly patients with MS and hypertension. The main group of 86 patients with MS and arterial hypertension (AH) aged 60-75 years was examined under clinical conditions. The inclusion criteria were as follows: age of 60-75 years, presence of MS, primary hypertension (grade II-III), absence of acute myocardial infarction, malignant neoplasms, disorders of cerebral circulation, kidney failure over last 6 months. Diagnostics of MS and hypertension was carried out in accordance with Expert Guidelines from the Russian Research Society of Cardiology on the MS Diagnosis and Treatment. Our first study of a large range of serum interleukins in elderly patients with MS and hypertension allowed us to reveal the inversely directed changes in pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine contents. Combined AH/MS in elderly persons is accomplished by sufficient increase of the most proinflammatory cytokines, and vice versa, by significant decrease in anti-inflammatory cytokines in blood serum. This finding clearly points to importance of immunological regulatory systems for initiation of AH with MS at older age. Pro- and anti-inflammatory serum interleukins are actively involved into the AH/MS development in elderly accompanied by their pronounced imbalance. The mentioned immune reactions could underlie the MS/AH condition. High risk of this disorder is connected with changed production of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-8, IL-1β), like as anti-inflammatory serum interleukins (IL-4, IL-10), with predominance of the former. The above interleukins should be considered dominant diagnostic markers of AH/MS in elderly persons. Measurement of serum interleukins and discriminant-based approach allows highly reliable differentiation of elderly patients with AH/MS from similar individuals without this disorder

Особенности экспрессии маркеров эластогенеза в ткани инвазивного протокового рака молочной железы до и после курсов химиотерапии

The aim of the study is to analyze the changes in the elastic fibers and the expression features of elastinbinding protein-1, lysyl oxidase-1, and tetraspanin CD151 in the invasive ductal breast cancer tissues before and after chemotherapy courses. The study included 34 patients with invasive ductal breast cancer. The patients were divided into two groups: the first group had surgical resection of the tumor before chemotherapy, and the second group had surgical resection of the residual tumor after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The frequency of elastic fibers accumulations around the ducts in patients without chemotherapy was significantly higher (61.1 %) than that in patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (25.0 %). After chemotherapy, the expression of elastin-binding protein-1 changed: the proportion of patients with a strong expression of this protein in tumor cells after chemotherapy increased (62.5 %) in comparison to patients without chemotherapy (16.8 %). The combined cytoplasmic and/or membrane expression of elastin-binding protein-1 in the tumor cells predominated in the second group compared with diffuse cytoplasmic expression (55.0 %) in tumor cells of patients of the first group. Целью исследования было изучить изменения компонентов эластического каркаса и особенности экспрессии эластин-связывающего белка-1, лизилоксидазы-1 и тетраспанина CD151 в ткани инвазивного протокового рака молочной железы до и после курсов химиотерапии. Исследование выполнено на архивном гистологическом материале от 34 пациентов с подтвержденным морфологическим диагнозом «инфильтрирующая протоковая карцинома молочной железы». Было сформировано две группы: первой группе пациентов выполнялась резекция опухоли до назначения химиотерапии, второй группе хирургическое удаление опухоли осуществлялось после проведения неоадъювантной химиотерапии. У пациентов без химиотерапии частота выраженных скоплений эластических волокон вокруг протоков была достоверно выше (61,1 %), чем у пациентов, получавших неоадъювантную химиотерапию (25 %). После проведения химиотерапии изменяется характер экспрессии эластин-связывающего белка-1: на долю пациентов с выраженной экспрессией данного белка приходится 62,5 % наблюдений, против 16,8 % случаев у пациентов без химиотерапии. При этом у первых преобладает сочетанная цитоплазматическая и/или мембранная экспрессия данного маркера опухолевыми клетками, а у вторых около 55 % приходится на диффузную равномерную цитоплазматическую экспрессию.

Polymorphism C677T MTHFR gene and metabolic syndrome in young residents of the northern region

The aim of the work was to study the association of polymorphism C677T (rs1801133) of the MTHFR gene with components of the metabolic syndrome in young indigenous and non-indigenous people of the northern region. 834 young people aged 18-44 years were examined, of them 695 parents with manifestations of metabolic syndrome and 139 healthy young people. It was revealed that 28.7% of all surveyed were carriers of the T is1801133 (C677T) allele of the MTHFR gene as-sodated with the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. No significant differences were found among non-indigenous and indigenous people in the carrierfrequency of theT allele. Associations of rs1801133C677T polymorphisms of the MTHFR gene with components of MS were studied. Among the non-indigenous male population with carriers of the homozygous TT genotype, a tendency has been established to reduce the chances of developing hypertriglyceridemia and an increase in LDL cholesterol levels. In men of the indigenous ethnic group of carriers of the TT genotype, there is a tendency to increase the chances of reducing the level of HDL cholesterol and increasing the chances of developing hyperglycemia. Among non-indigenous female carriers of the homozygous TT genotype, a tendency was established to reduce the likelihood of developing abdominal obesity. Among indigenous women, the carriage of a homozygous TT is associated with arterial hypertension.Целью работы явилось изучение ассоциации полиморфизма С677Т (($1801133) гена MTHFR с компонентами метаболического синдрома у молодых коренных и некоренных жителей северного региона. Обследовано 834 молодых человека в возрасте 18-44 года, из них 695 пациентов с проявлениями метаболического синдрома и 139 здоровых молодых людей. Выявлено, что 28,7% всех обследованных являлись носителями аллеля Т rs1801133 (С677Г) гена MTHFR, связанного с риском развития сердечно­сосудистых заболеваний. Среди некоренных и коренных жителей по частоте носительства аллеля Т достоверных различий не выявлено. Изучены ассоциации полиморфизмов rs1801133 С677Т гена MTHFR с компонентами МС. Среди некоренного мужского населения-носителей гомозиготного генотипа ТТ установлена тенденция к снижению шансов развития гипертритицеридемии, повышения уровня ХС ЛПНП. У мужчин коренной этнической группы носителей генотипа ТТ обнаружена тенденция к повышению шансов снижения уровня ХС ЛПВП и повышению шансов развития гипергликемии. Среди некоренных женщин носительниц гомозиготного генотипа ТТ была установлена тенденция к снижению вероятности развития абдоминального ожирения. У коренных представительниц носительство гомозиготного ТТ ассоциировано с артериальной гипертензией