8 research outputs found
Strategi Pengembangan USAha Agrowisata di Kebun Benih Hortikultura, Tohudan, Colomadu, Karanganyar
: The purpose of the research are to know the revenue in one year, knowing the factors internally and externally which became strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats, knowing a good alternative strategies to be formulated and know the priority good strategy to be applied in Kebun Benih Hortikultura Tohudan, Colomadu, Karanganyar. The basic methode of research is a descriptive analysis. Location of research in Kebun Benih Hortikultura Tohudan, Colomadu, Karanganyar. The data used are primary and secondary data. The analysis of the data used are (1) Revenue analysis, (2) Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE), (3) External Factor Evaluation (EFE), (4) SWOT, (5) QSPM. The result showed that income received by Kebun Benih Hortikultura Tohudan, Colomadu, Karanganyar in one year is Rp 65.766.000,00. Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE) showed the garden have six strengths and nine weaknesses. External Factor Evaluation (EFE) showed the garden have six opportunities and five threats. SWOT analysis showed the alternatives strategies that can be applied are utilize advances in technology information to promoting and marketing, building a relationship of cooperation with the investor, expand marketing production result and improve the situation of the garden to make it more interesting. QSPM showed a good strategy priorities to be applied is improve the situation of the garden to make it more interesting
Aromatic Chelator-Specific Lattice Architecture and Dimensionality in Binary and Ternary Cu(II)-Organophosphonate Materials
Synthetic
efforts linked to the design of defined lattice dimensionality and
architecture materials in the binary/ternary systems of Cu(II) with
butylene diamine tetra(methylene phosphonic acid) (H<sub>8</sub>BDTMP)
and heterocyclic organic chelators (pyridine and 1,10-phenanthroline)
led to the isolation of new copper organophosphonate compounds, namely,
Na<sub>6</sub>[Cu<sub>2</sub>(BDTMP)(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>4</sub>]·[Cu<sub>2</sub>(BDTMP)(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>4</sub>]<sub>0.5</sub>·26H<sub>2</sub>O (<b>1</b>), [Cu<sub>2</sub>(H<sub>4</sub>BDTMP)(py)<sub>4</sub>]·2H<sub>2</sub>O (<b>2</b>), and [Cu<sub>2</sub>(H<sub>4</sub>BDTMP)(phen)<sub>2</sub>]<sub><i>n</i></sub>·6.6<i>n</i>H<sub>2</sub>O·1.5<i>n</i>MeOH (<b>3</b>). <b>1</b>–<b>3</b> are the
first compounds isolated from the Cu(II)-BDTMP family of species.
They were characterized by elemental analysis, spectroscopic techniques
(FT-IR, UV–vis), magnetic susceptibility, TGA-DTG, cyclic voltammetry,
and X-ray crystallography. The lattice in <b>1</b> reveals the
presence of discrete dinuclear Cu(II) units bound to BDTMP<sup>8–</sup> and water molecules in a square pyramidal geometry. The molecular
lattice of <b>2</b> reveals the presence of ternary dinuclear
assemblies of Cu(II) ions bound to H<sub>4</sub>BDTMP<sup>4–</sup> and pyridine in a square pyramidal environment. The molecular lattice
of <b>3</b> reveals the presence of dinuclear assemblies of
Cu(II) ions bound to H<sub>4</sub>BDTMP<sup>4–</sup> and 1,10-phenanthroline
in a square pyramidal environment, with the organophosphonate ligand
serving as the connecting link to abutting dinuclear Cu(II) assemblies
in a ternary polymeric system. The magnetic susceptibility data on <b>1</b>, <b>2</b>, and <b>3</b> suggest that compounds <b>1</b> and <b>3</b> exhibit a stronger antiferromagnetic
behavior than <b>2</b>, which is also confirmed from magnetization
measurements. The physicochemical profiles of <b>1</b>–<b>3</b> (a) earmark the influence of the versatile H<sub>8</sub>BDTMP ligand as a metal ion binder on the chemical reactivity in
binary and ternary systems of Cu(II) in aqueous and nonaqueous media
and (b) denote the correlation of ligand hydrophilicity, aromaticity,
denticity, charge, and H-bonding interactions with emerging defined
Cu(II)–H<sub>8</sub>BDTMP structures of distinct lattice identity
and spectroscopic-magnetic properties. Collectively, such structural
and chemical factors formulate the interplay and contribution of binary
and ternary interactions to lattice architecture and specified properties
of new Cu(II)–organophosphonate materials with defined 2D–3D
dimensionality
Heptanuclear Antiferromagnetic Fe(III)–d‑(-)-Quinato Assemblies with an <i>S</i> = 3/2 Ground StatepH-Specific Synthetic Chemistry, Spectroscopic, Structural, and Magnetic Susceptibility Studies
Iron
is an essential metal ion with numerous roles in biological
systems and advanced abiotic materials. d-(-)-Quinic acid
is a cellular metal ion chelator, capable of promoting reactions with
metal M(II,III) ions under pH-specific conditions. In an effort to
comprehend the chemical reactivity of well-defined forms of Fe(III)/Fe(II)
toward α-hydroxycarboxylic acids, pH-specific reactions of:
(a) [Fe<sub>3</sub>O(CH<sub>3</sub>COO)<sub>6</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>3</sub>]·(NO<sub>3</sub>)·4H<sub>2</sub>O with d-(-)-quinic acid in a molar ratio 1:3 at pH 2.5 and (b) Mohr’s
salt with d-(-)-quinic acid in a molar ratio 1:3 at pH 7.5,
respectively, led to the isolation of the first two heptanuclear Fe(III)–quinato
complexes, [Fe<sub>7</sub>O<sub>3</sub>(OH)<sub>3</sub>(C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>10</sub>O<sub>6</sub>)<sub>6</sub>]·20.5H<sub>2</sub>O
(<b>1</b>) and (NH<sub>4</sub>)[Fe<sub>7</sub>(OH)<sub>6</sub>(C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>10</sub>O<sub>6</sub>)<sub>6</sub>]·(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>·18H<sub>2</sub>O (<b>2</b>). Compounds <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> were characterized by analytical, spectroscopic
(UV–vis, FT-IR, EPR, and Mössbauer) techniques, CV,
TGA-DTG, and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The X-ray structures
of <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> reveal heptanuclear assemblies
of six Fe(III) ions bound by six doubly deprotonated quinates and
one Fe(III) ion bound by oxido- and hydroxido-bridges (<b>1</b>), and hydroxido-bridges (<b>2</b>), all in an octahedral fashion.
Mössbauer spectroscopy on <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> suggests the presence of Fe(III) ions in an all-oxygen environment.
EPR measurements indicate that <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> retain
their structure in solution, while magnetic measurements reveal an
overall antiferromagnetic behavior with a ground state <i>S</i> = 3/2. The collective physicochemical properties of <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> suggest that the (a) nature of the ligand, (b)
precursor form of iron, (c) pH, and (d) molecular stoichiometry are
key factors influencing the chemical reactivity of the binary Fe(II,III)-hydroxycarboxylato
systems, their aqueous speciation, and ultimately through variably
emerging hydrogen bonding interactions, the assembly of multinuclear
Fe(III)–hydroxycarboxylato clusters with distinct lattice
architectures of specific dimensionality (2D–3D) and magnetic
signature
Heptanuclear Antiferromagnetic Fe(III)–d‑(-)-Quinato Assemblies with an <i>S</i> = 3/2 Ground StatepH-Specific Synthetic Chemistry, Spectroscopic, Structural, and Magnetic Susceptibility Studies
Iron
is an essential metal ion with numerous roles in biological
systems and advanced abiotic materials. d-(-)-Quinic acid
is a cellular metal ion chelator, capable of promoting reactions with
metal M(II,III) ions under pH-specific conditions. In an effort to
comprehend the chemical reactivity of well-defined forms of Fe(III)/Fe(II)
toward α-hydroxycarboxylic acids, pH-specific reactions of:
(a) [Fe<sub>3</sub>O(CH<sub>3</sub>COO)<sub>6</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>3</sub>]·(NO<sub>3</sub>)·4H<sub>2</sub>O with d-(-)-quinic acid in a molar ratio 1:3 at pH 2.5 and (b) Mohr’s
salt with d-(-)-quinic acid in a molar ratio 1:3 at pH 7.5,
respectively, led to the isolation of the first two heptanuclear Fe(III)–quinato
complexes, [Fe<sub>7</sub>O<sub>3</sub>(OH)<sub>3</sub>(C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>10</sub>O<sub>6</sub>)<sub>6</sub>]·20.5H<sub>2</sub>O
(<b>1</b>) and (NH<sub>4</sub>)[Fe<sub>7</sub>(OH)<sub>6</sub>(C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>10</sub>O<sub>6</sub>)<sub>6</sub>]·(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>·18H<sub>2</sub>O (<b>2</b>). Compounds <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> were characterized by analytical, spectroscopic
(UV–vis, FT-IR, EPR, and Mössbauer) techniques, CV,
TGA-DTG, and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The X-ray structures
of <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> reveal heptanuclear assemblies
of six Fe(III) ions bound by six doubly deprotonated quinates and
one Fe(III) ion bound by oxido- and hydroxido-bridges (<b>1</b>), and hydroxido-bridges (<b>2</b>), all in an octahedral fashion.
Mössbauer spectroscopy on <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> suggests the presence of Fe(III) ions in an all-oxygen environment.
EPR measurements indicate that <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> retain
their structure in solution, while magnetic measurements reveal an
overall antiferromagnetic behavior with a ground state <i>S</i> = 3/2. The collective physicochemical properties of <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> suggest that the (a) nature of the ligand, (b)
precursor form of iron, (c) pH, and (d) molecular stoichiometry are
key factors influencing the chemical reactivity of the binary Fe(II,III)-hydroxycarboxylato
systems, their aqueous speciation, and ultimately through variably
emerging hydrogen bonding interactions, the assembly of multinuclear
Fe(III)–hydroxycarboxylato clusters with distinct lattice
architectures of specific dimensionality (2D–3D) and magnetic
signature
Heptanuclear Antiferromagnetic Fe(III)–d‑(-)-Quinato Assemblies with an <i>S</i> = 3/2 Ground StatepH-Specific Synthetic Chemistry, Spectroscopic, Structural, and Magnetic Susceptibility Studies
Iron
is an essential metal ion with numerous roles in biological
systems and advanced abiotic materials. d-(-)-Quinic acid
is a cellular metal ion chelator, capable of promoting reactions with
metal M(II,III) ions under pH-specific conditions. In an effort to
comprehend the chemical reactivity of well-defined forms of Fe(III)/Fe(II)
toward α-hydroxycarboxylic acids, pH-specific reactions of:
(a) [Fe<sub>3</sub>O(CH<sub>3</sub>COO)<sub>6</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>3</sub>]·(NO<sub>3</sub>)·4H<sub>2</sub>O with d-(-)-quinic acid in a molar ratio 1:3 at pH 2.5 and (b) Mohr’s
salt with d-(-)-quinic acid in a molar ratio 1:3 at pH 7.5,
respectively, led to the isolation of the first two heptanuclear Fe(III)–quinato
complexes, [Fe<sub>7</sub>O<sub>3</sub>(OH)<sub>3</sub>(C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>10</sub>O<sub>6</sub>)<sub>6</sub>]·20.5H<sub>2</sub>O
(<b>1</b>) and (NH<sub>4</sub>)[Fe<sub>7</sub>(OH)<sub>6</sub>(C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>10</sub>O<sub>6</sub>)<sub>6</sub>]·(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>·18H<sub>2</sub>O (<b>2</b>). Compounds <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> were characterized by analytical, spectroscopic
(UV–vis, FT-IR, EPR, and Mössbauer) techniques, CV,
TGA-DTG, and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The X-ray structures
of <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> reveal heptanuclear assemblies
of six Fe(III) ions bound by six doubly deprotonated quinates and
one Fe(III) ion bound by oxido- and hydroxido-bridges (<b>1</b>), and hydroxido-bridges (<b>2</b>), all in an octahedral fashion.
Mössbauer spectroscopy on <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> suggests the presence of Fe(III) ions in an all-oxygen environment.
EPR measurements indicate that <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> retain
their structure in solution, while magnetic measurements reveal an
overall antiferromagnetic behavior with a ground state <i>S</i> = 3/2. The collective physicochemical properties of <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> suggest that the (a) nature of the ligand, (b)
precursor form of iron, (c) pH, and (d) molecular stoichiometry are
key factors influencing the chemical reactivity of the binary Fe(II,III)-hydroxycarboxylato
systems, their aqueous speciation, and ultimately through variably
emerging hydrogen bonding interactions, the assembly of multinuclear
Fe(III)–hydroxycarboxylato clusters with distinct lattice
architectures of specific dimensionality (2D–3D) and magnetic
signature
Heptanuclear Antiferromagnetic Fe(III)–d‑(-)-Quinato Assemblies with an <i>S</i> = 3/2 Ground StatepH-Specific Synthetic Chemistry, Spectroscopic, Structural, and Magnetic Susceptibility Studies
Iron
is an essential metal ion with numerous roles in biological
systems and advanced abiotic materials. d-(-)-Quinic acid
is a cellular metal ion chelator, capable of promoting reactions with
metal M(II,III) ions under pH-specific conditions. In an effort to
comprehend the chemical reactivity of well-defined forms of Fe(III)/Fe(II)
toward α-hydroxycarboxylic acids, pH-specific reactions of:
(a) [Fe<sub>3</sub>O(CH<sub>3</sub>COO)<sub>6</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>3</sub>]·(NO<sub>3</sub>)·4H<sub>2</sub>O with d-(-)-quinic acid in a molar ratio 1:3 at pH 2.5 and (b) Mohr’s
salt with d-(-)-quinic acid in a molar ratio 1:3 at pH 7.5,
respectively, led to the isolation of the first two heptanuclear Fe(III)–quinato
complexes, [Fe<sub>7</sub>O<sub>3</sub>(OH)<sub>3</sub>(C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>10</sub>O<sub>6</sub>)<sub>6</sub>]·20.5H<sub>2</sub>O
(<b>1</b>) and (NH<sub>4</sub>)[Fe<sub>7</sub>(OH)<sub>6</sub>(C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>10</sub>O<sub>6</sub>)<sub>6</sub>]·(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>·18H<sub>2</sub>O (<b>2</b>). Compounds <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> were characterized by analytical, spectroscopic
(UV–vis, FT-IR, EPR, and Mössbauer) techniques, CV,
TGA-DTG, and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The X-ray structures
of <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> reveal heptanuclear assemblies
of six Fe(III) ions bound by six doubly deprotonated quinates and
one Fe(III) ion bound by oxido- and hydroxido-bridges (<b>1</b>), and hydroxido-bridges (<b>2</b>), all in an octahedral fashion.
Mössbauer spectroscopy on <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> suggests the presence of Fe(III) ions in an all-oxygen environment.
EPR measurements indicate that <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> retain
their structure in solution, while magnetic measurements reveal an
overall antiferromagnetic behavior with a ground state <i>S</i> = 3/2. The collective physicochemical properties of <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> suggest that the (a) nature of the ligand, (b)
precursor form of iron, (c) pH, and (d) molecular stoichiometry are
key factors influencing the chemical reactivity of the binary Fe(II,III)-hydroxycarboxylato
systems, their aqueous speciation, and ultimately through variably
emerging hydrogen bonding interactions, the assembly of multinuclear
Fe(III)–hydroxycarboxylato clusters with distinct lattice
architectures of specific dimensionality (2D–3D) and magnetic
signature
Heptanuclear Antiferromagnetic Fe(III)–d‑(-)-Quinato Assemblies with an <i>S</i> = 3/2 Ground StatepH-Specific Synthetic Chemistry, Spectroscopic, Structural, and Magnetic Susceptibility Studies
Iron
is an essential metal ion with numerous roles in biological
systems and advanced abiotic materials. d-(-)-Quinic acid
is a cellular metal ion chelator, capable of promoting reactions with
metal M(II,III) ions under pH-specific conditions. In an effort to
comprehend the chemical reactivity of well-defined forms of Fe(III)/Fe(II)
toward α-hydroxycarboxylic acids, pH-specific reactions of:
(a) [Fe<sub>3</sub>O(CH<sub>3</sub>COO)<sub>6</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>3</sub>]·(NO<sub>3</sub>)·4H<sub>2</sub>O with d-(-)-quinic acid in a molar ratio 1:3 at pH 2.5 and (b) Mohr’s
salt with d-(-)-quinic acid in a molar ratio 1:3 at pH 7.5,
respectively, led to the isolation of the first two heptanuclear Fe(III)–quinato
complexes, [Fe<sub>7</sub>O<sub>3</sub>(OH)<sub>3</sub>(C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>10</sub>O<sub>6</sub>)<sub>6</sub>]·20.5H<sub>2</sub>O
(<b>1</b>) and (NH<sub>4</sub>)[Fe<sub>7</sub>(OH)<sub>6</sub>(C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>10</sub>O<sub>6</sub>)<sub>6</sub>]·(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>·18H<sub>2</sub>O (<b>2</b>). Compounds <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> were characterized by analytical, spectroscopic
(UV–vis, FT-IR, EPR, and Mössbauer) techniques, CV,
TGA-DTG, and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The X-ray structures
of <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> reveal heptanuclear assemblies
of six Fe(III) ions bound by six doubly deprotonated quinates and
one Fe(III) ion bound by oxido- and hydroxido-bridges (<b>1</b>), and hydroxido-bridges (<b>2</b>), all in an octahedral fashion.
Mössbauer spectroscopy on <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> suggests the presence of Fe(III) ions in an all-oxygen environment.
EPR measurements indicate that <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> retain
their structure in solution, while magnetic measurements reveal an
overall antiferromagnetic behavior with a ground state <i>S</i> = 3/2. The collective physicochemical properties of <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> suggest that the (a) nature of the ligand, (b)
precursor form of iron, (c) pH, and (d) molecular stoichiometry are
key factors influencing the chemical reactivity of the binary Fe(II,III)-hydroxycarboxylato
systems, their aqueous speciation, and ultimately through variably
emerging hydrogen bonding interactions, the assembly of multinuclear
Fe(III)–hydroxycarboxylato clusters with distinct lattice
architectures of specific dimensionality (2D–3D) and magnetic
signature
Heptanuclear Antiferromagnetic Fe(III)–d‑(-)-Quinato Assemblies with an <i>S</i> = 3/2 Ground StatepH-Specific Synthetic Chemistry, Spectroscopic, Structural, and Magnetic Susceptibility Studies
Iron
is an essential metal ion with numerous roles in biological
systems and advanced abiotic materials. d-(-)-Quinic acid
is a cellular metal ion chelator, capable of promoting reactions with
metal M(II,III) ions under pH-specific conditions. In an effort to
comprehend the chemical reactivity of well-defined forms of Fe(III)/Fe(II)
toward α-hydroxycarboxylic acids, pH-specific reactions of:
(a) [Fe<sub>3</sub>O(CH<sub>3</sub>COO)<sub>6</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>3</sub>]·(NO<sub>3</sub>)·4H<sub>2</sub>O with d-(-)-quinic acid in a molar ratio 1:3 at pH 2.5 and (b) Mohr’s
salt with d-(-)-quinic acid in a molar ratio 1:3 at pH 7.5,
respectively, led to the isolation of the first two heptanuclear Fe(III)–quinato
complexes, [Fe<sub>7</sub>O<sub>3</sub>(OH)<sub>3</sub>(C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>10</sub>O<sub>6</sub>)<sub>6</sub>]·20.5H<sub>2</sub>O
(<b>1</b>) and (NH<sub>4</sub>)[Fe<sub>7</sub>(OH)<sub>6</sub>(C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>10</sub>O<sub>6</sub>)<sub>6</sub>]·(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>·18H<sub>2</sub>O (<b>2</b>). Compounds <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> were characterized by analytical, spectroscopic
(UV–vis, FT-IR, EPR, and Mössbauer) techniques, CV,
TGA-DTG, and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The X-ray structures
of <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> reveal heptanuclear assemblies
of six Fe(III) ions bound by six doubly deprotonated quinates and
one Fe(III) ion bound by oxido- and hydroxido-bridges (<b>1</b>), and hydroxido-bridges (<b>2</b>), all in an octahedral fashion.
Mössbauer spectroscopy on <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> suggests the presence of Fe(III) ions in an all-oxygen environment.
EPR measurements indicate that <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> retain
their structure in solution, while magnetic measurements reveal an
overall antiferromagnetic behavior with a ground state <i>S</i> = 3/2. The collective physicochemical properties of <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> suggest that the (a) nature of the ligand, (b)
precursor form of iron, (c) pH, and (d) molecular stoichiometry are
key factors influencing the chemical reactivity of the binary Fe(II,III)-hydroxycarboxylato
systems, their aqueous speciation, and ultimately through variably
emerging hydrogen bonding interactions, the assembly of multinuclear
Fe(III)–hydroxycarboxylato clusters with distinct lattice
architectures of specific dimensionality (2D–3D) and magnetic
signature