Measuring Impact of Increase in High-Skilled Workers on the Livelihoods of Medium- and Low-Skilled Workers

This paper assesses the impact of high-skilled labor on the unemployment and wages of low- and medium-skilled workers in the Netherlands. Using annual panel data from the Netherlands’ Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek (National Bureau of Statistics, CBS), a statistically significant negative impact of an increase in high-skilled labor on the livelihoods of low- and medium-skilled workers can be shown. An increase in high-skilled labor is associated with a significant decrease in the income share of the bottom tenth percentile of the population as well as a decrease in jobs for the low- and medium-skilled workers. The data reveals a significant negative effect on the bottom 60 percent of earners and a disproportionate increase in the earnings share of the top 30 percent. This development can be explained by job market dynamics. Every high-skilled worker that enters the labor market displaces medium- and low-skilled workers into lower paid positions

Обнаружение слабых периодических сигналов с использованием модифицированной системы Дуффинга-Холмса дробного порядка

У роботі запропонована модифікована система Дуффінга-Холмса дробового порядку, призначена для виявлення слабких періодичних сигналів. Розроблена модель дозволяє знизити мінімальний поріг виявлення періодичного сигналу модифікованою системою Дуффінга-Холмса від -91дБ до -105дБ шляхом точного налаштування дробового порядку диференціювання.Introduction. The problem of the weak periodic signal detection is very important in the modern radio engineering and communications. The new chaotic systems have been being proposed for the weak signal detection for the last 20 years. The modified Duffing-Holmes system. The modified Duffing-Holmes system detects the weak periodic signals with the minimum signal-to-noise ratio near -91dB. Such result is achieved by means of the system equation with increasing of the equation order. The fractional-order Duffing-Holmes system. The fractional-order Duffing-Holmes systems have been proposed only few years ago. These systems are mostly used in the generation of the fractional chaotic signal which may be used in the secure communications. The modified fractional-order Duffing-Holmes system. In this article the modified fractional-order Duffing-Holmes system is proposed. This system allows increasing the weak signal sensitivity comparing to the modified Duffing-Holmes system. The proposed weak signal detection system is differed of the modified Duffing-Holmes system by using of the fractional order differential equation instead of the integer order differential equation. Conclusions. The oscillations of the modified fractional order Duffing-Holmes system strongly depend on the fractional order value. As a result the -105dB signal-to-noise ratio for of the weak periodic signals was obtained. The simulation results show that the accurate adjustment of the fractional order leads to the increasing of the detection efficiency.В работе предложена модифицированная система Дуффинга-Холмса дробного порядка, предназначенная для обнаружения слабых периодических сигналов. Разработанная модель позволяет снизить минимальный порог обнаружения периодического сигнала модифицированной системой Дуффинга-Холмса с -91дБ до -105дБ путем точной настройки дробного порядка дифференцирования

A Method for Creating Structural Models of Text Documents Using Neural Networks.

The article describes modern neural network BERT-based models and considers their application for Natural Language Processing tasks such as question answering and named entity recognition. The article presents a method for solving the problem of automatically creating structural models of text documents. The proposed method is hybrid and is based on jointly utilizing several NLP models. The method builds a structural model of a document by extracting sentences that correspond to various aspects of the document. Information extraction is performed by using the BERT Question Answering model with questions that are prepared separately for each aspect. The answers are filtered via the BERT Named Entity Recognition model and used to generate the contents of each field of the structural model. The article proposes two algorithms for field content generation: Exclusive answer choosing algorithm and Generalizing answer forming algorithm, that are used for short and voluminous fields respectively. The article also describes the software implementation of the proposed method and discusses the results of experiments conducted to evaluate the quality of the method.The article describes modern neural network BERT-based models and considers their application for Natural Language Processing tasks such as question answering and named entity recognition. The article presents a method for solving the problem of automatically creating structural models of text documents. The proposed method is hybrid and is based on jointly utilizing several NLP models. The method builds a structural model of a document by extracting sentences that correspond to various aspects of the document. Information extraction is performed by using the BERT Question Answering model with questions that are prepared separately for each aspect. The answers are filtered via the BERT Named Entity Recognition model and used to generate the contents of each field of the structural model. The article proposes two algorithms for field content generation: Exclusive answer choosing algorithm and Generalizing answer forming algorithm, that are used for short and voluminous fields respectively. The article also describes the software implementation of the proposed method and discusses the results of experiments conducted to evaluate the quality of the method

FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR 23 AS EARLY MARKER OF MINERAL AND BONE DISORDER IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE

The aim: to study the state of regulation of mineral metabolism in CKD by evaluating the serum concentration of c-terminal FGF-23, PTH, Ca, P, and to investigate the relationship between FGF-23 and PTH in CKD. Materials and methods. The study involved 106 people with CKD, 47women (44%) and 59men (56%) aged (49.6 ± 13.9) years. The C-terminal FGF-23 fragment was determined using a set of reagents for the enzyme immunoassay «Biomedica». The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was calculated using the CKD EPI formula (KDIGO 2012). Results. A progressive increase in PTH levels was observed in parallel with the development of renal insufficiency in patients with CKD. Beginning with the CKD stage III, a significant increase above the norm (p <0.05) in the level of PTH ((85.79 ± 29.3) pg / ml) was observed. A progressive increase in the serum concentration of the c-terminal fragment of FGF-23 in patients with CKD was observed along with the GFR decrease. Statistically significant (p <0.05) increase in the concentration of FGF-23 was observed in CKD stage II ((1.29 ± 0.08) pmol / L) compared with CKD I ((0.76 ± 0.07) pmol / L). A strong negative association was found between FGF-23 and GFR (r = -0.87, p <0.05) in CKD. The existence of a strong direct association (r = 0.84, p <0.05) between the level of PTH and FGF-23 in CKD was established. Conclusions. Growth of the level of FGF-23 outstrips the increase in PTH in the time interval by 1 stage of CKD. C-terminal FGF-23 can be used as an early marker of the development of mineral disturbances in patients with CKD