Ampelometric evaluation of wild grape (Vitis vinifera L. ssp. sylvestris (C.C. Gmel.) Hegi) accessions in the germplasm collection of FEM-IASMA, Italy

In this paper, 45 wild grapevine accessions collected during two consecutive years were compared for 36 ampelometric traits using digital image analysis. The sample set contained male and female individuals from different geographic regions: Germany, North Italy, Central Italy, South Italy, Sardinia and Turkey. The leaf morphological data from the collected samples suggest that geographic origin, gender and vintage could have an effect on ampelometric traits in this species

Hail data analyses

Long term data of hail events of three meteorological stations (Budapest, Debrecen and Szeged) were investigated. The hail event frequencies show significant differences in the time period 1901–2000 when the first and the second half of the century are compared. The frequencies of hail events are higher in the first half of the century in case of Debrecen and Szeged while it is higher in the second 50 years for Budapest. None of the frequencies of hail events in between 2001–2008 are significantly higher, though the average of precipitation fell during these events is higher except for Szeged. We have found that the results about the monthly distribution of hail events differ from the ones in the literature; the ratio of hail events is significantly less in the vegetation period

Hail data analyses

Long term data of hail events of three meteorological stations (Budapest, Debrecen and Szeged) were investigated. The hail eventfrequencies show significant differences in the time period 1901–2000 when the first and the second half of the century are compared. Thefrequencies of hail events are higher in the first half of the century in case of Debrecen and Szeged while it is higher in the second 50 yearsfor Budapest. None of the frequencies of hail events in between 2001–2008 are significantly higher, though the average of precipitation fellduring these events is higher except for Szeged. We have found that the results about the monthly distribution of hail events differ from theones in the literature; the ratio of hail events is significantly less in the vegetation period

Comparison of pear production areas from yield risk aspect

L

Climate change impacts and product lines

This paper summarizes the main effects of extreme weather events on agricultural production and demonstrates their economicconsequences. For cost-benefit analysis of economic impacts and for determination of risk levels simulation models are needed that containsthe relationship between product line levels and elements. WIN-SIM model is developed for this goal, specialized for wine production. Themodel is suitable to analyze the market share, the cost and income relations as well as the relation structure of the product lines. The four levelsof the model (site, vine growing, wine production and wine market levels) have individual values added from the aspect of end product, wherethe product line sets out from the site level and gets through the levels up to the consumer segments. Theoretically, all elements can beconnected to any element of the next level and sublevel, but there are “prohibited contacts” because of professional, regulation or productionpractice reasons

Healthcare values and potential uses of the new Hungarian apple varieties on the basis on fruit analysis

Biological active compounds and valuable characteristics of some apple varieties and candidates were measured in our trials.Fruits of ’Rosmerta’, ’Hesztia’, ’Cordelia’ and ’Artemisz’ are recommended to enrich the Hungarian assortments for fresh consumption andchoice of new tastes. Based on examined parameters it can be assumed that novel Hungarian resistant varieties are suitable for juice and fruitconcentrate production, and due to high pectin content of their remaining pomace these varieties can be raw material of pectin production aswell as they are also suitable for jam production mixed with other fruit species. Furthermore, functional food industrial product having highquality can be produced by using novel resistant varieties because of their high pectin and polyphenol content. Beside of their high marketvalue their suitability for growing among orchard conditions is confi rmed by lower costs of production because of less plant protectiontreatments

Stability of Ampelometric Characteristics of Vitis vinifera L. cv. ‘Syrah’ and ‘Sauvignon blanc’ Leaves: Impact of Within-vineyard Variability and Pruning Method/Bud Load

Historically, grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) leaf characterisation has been a driving force in the identificationof cultivars. In this study, ampelometric (foliometric) analysis was done on leaf samples collected fromhand-pruned, mechanically pruned and minimally pruned ‘Sauvignon blanc’ and ‘Syrah’ vines to estimatethe impact of within-vineyard variability and a change in bud load on the stability of leaf properties.The results showed that within-vineyard variability of ampelometric characteristics was high within acultivar, irrespective of bud load. In terms of the O.I.V. coding system, zero to four class differences wereobserved between minimum and maximum values of each characteristic. The value of variability of eachcharacteristic was different between the three levels of bud load and the two cultivars. With respect to budload, the number of shoots per vine had a significant effect on the characteristics of the leaf laminae. Singleleaf area and lengths of veins changed significantly for both cultivars, irrespective of treatment, while anglebetween veins proved to be a stable characteristic. A large number of biometric data can be recorded on asingle leaf; the data measured on several leaves, however, are not necessarily unique for a specific cultivar.The leaf characteristics analysed in this study can be divided into two groups according to the response toa change in bud load, i.e. stable (angles between the veins, depths of sinuses) and variable (length of theveins, length of the petiole, single leaf area). The variable characteristics are not recommended to be usedin cultivar identification, unless the pruning method/bud load is known

Climate change impacts and product lines

This paper summarizes the main effects of extreme weather events on agricultural production and demonstrates their economic consequences. For cost-benefit analysis of economic impacts and for determination of risk levels simulation models are needed that contains the relationship between product line levels and elements. WIN-SIM model is developed for this goal, specialized for wine production. The model is suitable to analyze the market share, the cost and income relations as well as the relation structure of the product lines. The four levels of the model (site, vine growing, wine production and wine market levels) have individual values added from the aspect of end product, where the product line sets out from the site level and gets through the levels up to the consumer segments. Theoretically, all elements can be connected to any element of the next level and sublevel, but there are “prohibited contacts” because of professional, regulation or production practice reasons

Healthcare values and potential uses of the new Hungarian apple varieties on the basis on fruit analysis

Biological active compounds and valuable characteristics of some apple varieties and candidates were measured in our trials. Fruits of ’Rosmerta’, ’Hesztia’, ’Cordelia’ and ’Artemisz’ are recommended to enrich the Hungarian assortments for fresh consumption and choice of new tastes. Based on examined parameters it can be assumed that novel Hungarian resistant varieties are suitable for juice and fruit concentrate production, and due to high pectin content of their remaining pomace these varieties can be raw material of pectin production as well as they are also suitable for jam production mixed with other fruit species. Furthermore, functional food industrial product having high quality can be produced by using novel resistant varieties because of their high pectin and polyphenol content. Beside of their high market value their suitability for growing among orchard conditions is confi rmed by lower costs of production because of less plant protection treatments

Enhancing Phenolic Maturity of Syrah with the Application of a New Foliar Spray

Climate change is inducing earlier grape ripening, especially in warm vintages. This phenomenon isresulting in unbalanced wines an alcohol concentration that is too high and titratable acidity that is low,along with a high pH level without the desired level of phenolic maturity. Final wine quality notably dependson the phenolic composition of the grapes and the extractability of these compounds. This research wasdesigned to test a new foliar spray, called LalVigne® MATURE, for its capacity to create a balance betweensugar development and phenolic maturity. It is a formulation of 100% natural, inactivated wine yeastderivatives. This foliar spray was tested on Syrah vines in two vintages (2012 and 2013) in a cool-climatewine region (Eger, Hungary). The spray acted as an elicitor, stimulating the synthesis of several secondarymetabolites. The changes in anthocyanin extractability and texture characteristics of the grape berrieswere followed during ripening. Experimental wines were made at three separate harvest times in eachvintage. Standard analytical parameters were evaluated for grapes and wines, as well as for resveratrol.Grapes from the treated vines had thicker skins than the controls at all sampling dates in both vintages.The phenolic potential (especially anthocyanin concentration and extractability) of the foliar spray-treatedgrapes was greatly improved. Our experiment showed that phenolic ripening can be enhanced using thefoliar spray, and that its application was useful in different vintages