Adiponectin circulating levels and 10-year (2002–2012) cardiovascular disease incidence:the ATTICA Study

Purpose: Adiponectin is an adipokine with anti-inflammatory and cardiovascular-protective properties. Existing epidemiological evidence is conflicting on the exact relationship between adiponectin and long-term cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Our aim was to prospectively assess whether circulating adiponectin is associated with long-term incident CVD. Methods: A population-based, prospective study in adults (>18 years) without previous CVD history (ATTICA study). Circulating total adiponectin levels were measured at baseline (2001–2002) in a sub-sample (n = 531; women/men: 222/309; age: 40 ± 11 years) of the ATTICA cohort and complete 10-year follow-up data were available in 366 of these participants (women/men: 154/212; age: 40 ± 12 years). Results: After adjusting for multiple factors, including age, sex, body mass index, waist circumference, smoking, physical activity, Mediterranean diet adherence, hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia, our logistic regression analysis indicates that an increase in circulating total adiponectin levels by 1 unit was associated with 36% lower CVD risk (relative risk [RR]: 0.64, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.42–0.96; p = 0.03). Further adjusting for interleukin-6 plasma levels had no significant impact (RR: 0.60, 95% CI 0.38–0.94; p = 0.03), while additional adjustment for circulating C-reactive protein (CRP) modestly attenuated this association (RR: 0.63, 95% CI 0.40–0.99; p = 0.046). Conclusions: In our study, elevated circulating total adiponectin levels were associated with lower 10-year CVD risk in adults without previous CVD, independently of other established CVD risk factors. This association appeared to be modestly attenuated by CRP, yet was not mediated by interleukin-6 which is the main endocrine/circulating pro-inflammatory cytokine

Elevated Tnf-α and Interleukin-6 levels In breath condensate and serum of patients with Non-Cf bronchiectasis comparison to COPD

Intoduction: Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) allows non invasive studies in airway diseases. In bronchiectasis (Br-ect), chronic airway inflammation is an important feature. Methods: To evaluate the levels of TNF- and IL-6 in EBC and serum of patients (pts) with Br-ect and to compare to COPD, we studied 19 bronchiectatic, nonsmoker pts (mean age\ub1sd 59 \ub115y, 12F), 18 COPD pts, ex-smokers (68\ub16.2 y, 3F), and 18 non smoker controls (63\ub16y, 5F). Spirometry was performed and the concentration of the inflammatory markers was determined by enzyme immunoassay (Chayman Chem, USA). Results: Results on the table are expressed as mean (\ub1SD) TNF \u2013 (EBC,pg/ml) TNF- (serum,pg/ml) IL-6 (EBC,pg/ml) IL-6 (serum,pg/ml) FEV1 (%pred) FVC (%pred) FEV1/FVC Bronchiectasis 7.1 (\ub10.1) 14.7(\ub13.1) 5.7(\ub10.3) 18.5(\ub19.0) 65,1\ub127 81.5\ub122 63\ub111 COPD 7.7 (\ub10.3) 15.2 (\ub12.8) 8.1(\ub10.3) 26.4(\ub112.9) 56.3\ub115 75.5\ub118,2 58.7\ub18,6 Controls 6.4 (\ub10.6) 7.2 (\ub11.1) 4.9(\ub10.6) 10.6(\ub13.1) 94\ub15 98\ub16 95 Conclusions :In Br-ect the concentration of TNF- and IL-6 in both EBC and serum was significantly higher than in controls and lower than in COPD (p<0.0001). In Br-ect group, no correlation was found between TNF-, IL-6 levels and the lung function parameters. In COPD group a negative correlation was found between IL-6 in EBC and FEV1/FVC (p=0.02, r=-0.5). In bronchiectasis TNF- and IL-6 may reflect airway inflammation as they are elevated in EBC and serum, compared to healthy controls, but they are lower than in COPD. In COPD, IL-6 in EBC may be related to the disease severity