Fractal Electromagnetic Showers

We study the self-similar structure of electromagnetic showers and introduce the notion of the fractal dimension of a shower. Studies underway of showers in various materials and at various energies are presented, and the range over which the fractal scaling behaviour is observed is discussed. Applications to fast shower simulations and identification, particularly in the context of extensive air showers, are also discussed.Comment: Talk to be presented at the XI International Symposium on Very High Energy Cosmic Ray Interaction

On the nature of cosmic rays above the Greisen--Zatsepin--Kuz'min cut off

A re-examination of the atmospheric cascade profile of the highest energy cosmic ray is presented. The study includes air-shower simulations considering different cross sections, particle multiplicity and variation of the hadronic-event-generator to model interactions above 200 GeV. The analysis provides evidence that a medium mass nucleus primary reproduces the shower profile quite well. This result does not support the idea, increasingly popular at present, that the highest energy particles are protons, derived from the decay of supermassive relic particles. On the other hand, we show that debris of relativistic super-heavy nuclei, which can survive a 100 Mpc journey through the primeval radiation are likely to generate such a kind of cascade.Comment: Revised version, improvements per referee's suggestions. To be published in Phys. Lett.

Therapeutic management of patients with chronic stenosis of the larynx and trachea

The treatment of patients with chronic stenosis of the larynx and trachea is a laborious long process that requires special attention to the choice of surgical tactics and conservative therapy. The effectiveness of the performed surgical treatment largely depends on the course of the postoperative wound process, which explains the need for an individual approach to patient management in order to prevent the development of bacterial complications. One of the factors contributing to the occurrence of these complications are transient microorganisms that colonize the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract, represented mainly by Streptococci, Staphylococci and Neisseria, as well as Acinetobacter, Moraxella, Corinebacterium, Escherichia, Klebsiella. In order to prevent postoperative complications, it is necessary to carry out antibacterial prophylaxis with I–II generation cephalosporins (cefazolin, cefuroxime) or inhibitor-protected aminopenicillins (amoxicillin/clavulanate, ampicillin/sulbactam) during clean surgical interventions. In cases where a bacteriological examination reveals hospital strains of microorganisms, it is necessary to carry out antibacterial therapy aimed at eradication of the bacterial pathogen. In case of “dirty” surgical interventions in patients in cases where a bacteriological examination does not reveal pathogenic strains of microorganisms, it is recommended to carry out antibacterial therapy with broad-spectrum antibiotics, within 7–10 days after the surgery. Irrigation and inhalation therapy occupies a special place in the treatment of patients with chronic stenosis of the larynx and trachea. At the final stages of the operation, irrigation of the surgical area with solutions of glucocorticosteroids and anesthetics is used, and inhalation therapy is used starting from the early postoperative period, continuing throughout the entire period of inpatient treatment, as well as at the outpatient stage. Among the inhalation drugs used topic antibiotics, glucocorticosteroids, mineral water, mucolytics, and bacteriophages are most often used

Abstracts of the First Eurasian Conference; The Coronavirus Pandemic and Critical ICT Infrastructure

While the world is struggling with COVID-19, the ICT industry seeks to play a constructive role in combating the spread of the virus. This book contains the abstracts of the papers presented at The First Eurasian Conference; The Coronavirus Pandemic and Critical ICT Infrastructure (PANDEMIC-ICT-2020) organized by AMIR Technical Services LLC, Tbilisi, Georgia held on November 28-30, 2020. Conference Title: The Coronavirus Pandemic and Critical ICT InfrastructureConference Acronym: PANDEMIC-ICT-2020Conference Date: 28-30 November 2020Conference Location: Online (Virtual Mode)Conference Organizer: AMIR Technical Services LLC, Tbilisi, Georgi