Computer Simulation of Current Forces on Motion of Floating Production Storage and Offloading in Irregular Waves

This paper presents the effect of current forces on the motion of forces on Floating Production Storage and Offloading (FPSO) in irregular waves. The objective of this research is to compute the motion of FPSO in irregular waves by time domain simulation including the effect of current forces. A study is made on the slowly varying oscillations of a moored single body system in a current and waves. Linear potential theory is used to describe the fluid motion, and three-dimensional source distribution techniques are applied to obtain the hydrodynamic forces and transfer function of the wave exciting forces. OCIMF (1994) data are used for estimation of the current forces. The non-linear time domain simulations have been carried out in irregular waves. Based on it, slowly varying motion responses are examined including the effect of the current forces. Several environmental conditions, such as the current angle of attack, current velocity, significant wave height and mean wave period are considered, which may significantly affect FPSO motion in surge, sway and yaw moments. It is found that the effect of current forces is quite significant when the current velocity is increased. In this simulation, while the current velocity is increased to 3.0 meter/seconds, the impact on FPSO motion is quite significant, which should be taken into consideration from the point of view of safety, failure of mooring systems, operating responses and the dynamic positioning of the FPSO

Nonfactorization in Hadronic Two-body Cabibbo-favored decays of D^0 and D^+

With the inclusion of nonfactorized amplitudes in a scheme with $N_c=3$, we have studied Cabibbo-favored decays of $D^0$ and $D^+$ into two-body hadronic states involving two isospins in the final state. We have shown that it is possible to understand the measured branching ratios and determined the sizes and signs of nonfactorized amplitudes required.Comment: 15 pages, Late

Morphoanatomy Structure Variation of Digestive Organs in Relation with Feeding Strategy and Food Habits of Deep-Sea Snappers (Family Lutjanidae)

The digestive organs of four species deep-sea snappers (subfamily Etelinae, Family Lutjanidae) were investigated and compared including mouth shape as well its mouth gape, teeth structures, stomach morphology, pyloric caeca and intestine in order to investigate the existence of variability in food habits of these carnivorous fishes. The results showed that the mouth gape is an adaptation form of feeding habits, feeding strategy, as well as food size. In addition, the presence of jaw protrusion = may favour to fish feeding success. Based on regression analysis, the mouth gape is fairly correlated with the length of intestine (A. rutilans and P. multidens) and to a lesser extent with the other two species (A. virescens and P. filamentosus), indicating a weaker relationship between mouth gape versus total length than that of intestine versus total length. A generalisation of smaller proportion of the length of intestine to body length in carnivorous fishes is being questioned in this study, as an opposite result was found in P. filamentosus with a support evidence from herbivorous freshwater spotted barb (Puntius binotatus). It is suggested that the larger number in pyloric caeca of P. filamentosus is a compensatory mechanism in food digestion

Pengaruh Laju Eksploitasi Terhadap Keragaan Reproduktif Ikan Tembang (Sardinella Gibbosa) Di Perairan Pesisir Jawa Barat

Effect of Exploitation Rate on Reproductive Performance in Goldstripe Sardinella (Sardinellagibbosa) in West Java Coastal Waters. The research objective was to explore the effect ofexploitation rate on reproductive performance of goldstripe sardinella (Sardinella gibbosa).Three sites located in West Java coasts were selected representing coastal areas adjacent tothe Indian Ocean (Palabuhan Ratu), Java Sea (Blanakan), and Sunda Strait (Labuan), for fishcollection during May-July 2009. Fish samples were collected and the length was measuredprior to sex determination, observation on gonad morphology as well as gonad maturitydetermination, examination on fecundity and eggs diameter, and protein content analysis.Estimation on exploitation rate (E) was calculated based on length data performance fromwhich the result was correlated with reproductive parameters including the length at firstmaturity, fecundity, eggs distribution and diameter, and protein content analysis. By sitesbasis, variation in E was consistently shown only by eggs protein content in which the lowerthe E estimation the higher the protein contents. However, in response to E, there wereinconsistencies shown by the length at first maturity, fecundity, and eggs diameter. Suchinconsistencies are thought to be associated with population structure of matured female, andvariability in the habitat conditions which determines the magnitude of fish stock

Community Structure of Grouper Fish (Serranidae) Landed in Peukan Bada Subdistrict, Aceh Province

Information on important and economic grouper fish (Serranidae family) in Peukan Bada waters, Province of Aceh is very limited. This objecives of this research were to determine spatial and temporal variabilities in species composition and community structure of grouper landed in Peukan Bada, Aceh Besar District. The research was conducted using survey method during February to June 2015 on three fish landing sites i.e., Ujong Pancu, Lamtengoh, and Lamteh. The groupers were caught by using handline. The landed fishes were therefore counted and identified up to species level. The data were also analyzed based on taxonomic information and individual number of each species, community structure using the diversity index (H\u27), eveness (E), and dominance (D). The results obtained 835 individual, 21 species of grouper belong to 4 genera (Aethaloperca, Cephalopholis, Epinephelus dan Variola). Based on species, Epinephelus fasciatus and Cephalopholis sonnerati were the most grouper fishes in the region. Based on community structure, diversity value (H\u27) in Lam-tengoh was higher than that in Ujong Pancu and Lamteh. Total grouper fish catches were not significantly different (P>0,05) among the three region. Meanwhile, total grouper fish cacthes were significantly different between seasons (p<0,05). The diversity species variation during five months of observation was affected by the differences in catches area, the condition of aquatic enviroment, and oceanographic condition

Study of a Laboratory-based Gamma Spectrometry for Food and Environmental Samples

A comprehensive study on a laboratory-based Gamma Spectrometry has been presented in this paper for food and environmental samples. The system comprises of HPGe detector with proper cooling for minimizing thermal generation of charge-carriers and appropriate shielding to reduce background emission; associated processing electronics and acquisition as well as analysis software. The choice of HPGe detector for laboratory-based Gamma Spectrometry, its radiation interaction mechanism and system optimization have been presented

Biologi Reproduksi Ikan Betok (Anabas Testudineus Bloch, 1792) Di Rawa Banjiran Sungai Mahakam, Kalimantan Timur [Reproductive Biology of Climbing Perch (Anabas Testudineus Bloch, 1792) in Floodplain of Mahakam River, East Kalimantan]

A study that head for to find out some aspects biology reproduction of climbing perch (Anabas testudineus) in floodplains of Mahakam River, East Kalimantan that have been conducted of November until January with survey method. Floodplain in the Mahakam River is one of area freshwater fishing which plays an important role for East Kalimantan's societies. Results research suggested that classified water quality from Mahakam's drainage basin floodplain as still be able to support of climbing perch life. Climbing perch has growth patterns as a whole is negative allometric (b<3). Most Climbing perch are caught are fish had entered the GMR 3 and 4 (gonado maturity). Climbing perch classified potentially high reproduction because it has a large fecundity

Biologi Reproduksi Ikan Betok (Anabas Testudineus Bloch, 1792) Di Rawa Banjiran Sungai Mahakam, Kalimantan Timur [Reproductive Biology of Climbing Perch (Anabas Testudineus Bloch, 1792) in Floodplain of Mahakam River, East Kalimantan]

A study that head for to find out some aspects biology reproduction of climbing perch (Anabas testudineus) in floodplains of Mahakam River, East Kalimantan that have been conducted of November until January with survey method. Floodplain in the Mahakam River is one of area freshwater fishing which plays an important role for East Kalimantan\u27s societies. Results research suggested that classified water quality from Mahakam\u27s drainage basin floodplain as still be able to support of climbing perch life. Climbing perch has growth patterns as a whole is negative allometric (b<3). Most Climbing perch are caught are fish had entered the GMR 3 and 4 (gonado maturity). Climbing perch classified potentially high reproduction because it has a large fecundity