Asymmetries in top quark pair production at hadron colliders

We review the asymmetries in top quark pair production at the Tevatron and the LHC. We summarize the experimental measurements and the interpretations of a possible excess in terms of new physics. We also review other top quark properties-emphasizing effects related to the $t \bar t$ asymmetries-as well as other collider signals.Comment: RevTeX 40 pages. Final version to be published in Reviews of Modern Physics, with several addition

Long-Term Relationships In Franchised Distribution Systems: Analysis Of Mutual Trust And Commitment

The purpose of this article is to determine the factors for relational marketing strategy success in channel relationships. The empirical analysis was carried out in the Spanish franchised system, considering both franchisors and franchisees perspectives in order to obtain a dyadic analysis of the relationship. Results showed, after applying a structural equations model, that cooperation, information exchange, trust and commitment are important variables for successful long-term relationships between franchisor and franchisees

The influence of headform/helmet friction on head impact biomechanics in oblique impacts at different tangential velocities

Oblique impacts of the helmet against the ground are the most frequent scenarios in real-world motorcycle crashes. The combination of two factors that largely affect the results of oblique impact tests are discussed in this work. This study aims to quantify the effect of the friction at the interface between the headform and the interior of a motorcycle helmet at different magnitudes of tangential velocity. The helmeted headform, with low friction and high friction surface of the headform, was dropped against three oblique anvils at different impact velocities resulting in three different magnitudes of the tangential velocity (3.27 m/s, 5.66 m/s, 8.08 m/s) with the same normal component of the impact velocity (5.66 m/s). Three impact directions (front, left-side and right-side) and three repetitions per impact condition were tested resulting in 54 impacts. Tangential velocity variation showed little effect on the linear acceleration results. On the contrary, the rotational results showed that the effect of the headform’s surface depends on the magnitude of the tangential velocity and on the impact direction. These results indicate that a combination of low friction with low tangential velocities may result into underprediction of the rotational headform variables that would not be representative of real-world conditions. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland

Estudio sobre el perfil del alumnado de Educación Social

En este artículo se realiza una aproximación al perfil del alumnado de Educación Social con el fin de optimizar el diseño y elaboración del programa formativo de la Titulación, ajustándolo a sus características. Con el estudio realizado se indaga en las peculiaridades de los estudiantes relacionadas con la edad, sexo, procedencia geográfica, nivel socioeconómico familiar, actividad laboral y/o de voluntariado, preferencias de ocio y tiempo libre. La investigación desarrollada es de tipo descriptivo-interpretativo e intenta profundizar en la realidad educativa analizada de forma crítico-reflexiva, tratando de favorecer el compromiso de los profesionales a través de la transformación y mejora de la práctica

Measuring the W-t-b Interaction at the ILC

The large top quark mass suggests that the top plays a pivotal role in Electroweak symmetry-breaking dynamics and, as a result, may have modified couplings to Electroweak bosons. Hadron colliders can provide measurements of these couplings at the ~10% level, and one of the early expected triumphs of the International Linear Collider is to reduce these uncertainties to the per cent level. In this article, we propose the first direct measurement of the Standard Model W-t-b coupling at the ILC, from measurements of t tbar-like signals below the t tbar production threshold. We estimate that the ILC with 100 fb^{-1} can measure a combination of the coupling and top width to high precision, and when combined with a direct measurement of the top width from the above-threshold scan, results in a model-independent measurement of the W-t-b interaction of the order of ~ 3%

An Update on Crop ABA Receptors

[EN] The hormone abscisic acid (ABA) orchestrates the plant stress response and regulates sophisticated metabolic and physiological mechanisms essential for survival in a changing environment. Plant ABA receptors were described more than 10 years ago, and a considerable amount of information is available for the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Unfortunately, this knowledge is still very limited in crops that hold the key to feeding a growing population. In this review, we summarize genomic, genetic and structural data obtained in crop ABA receptors. We also provide an update on ABA perception in major food crops, highlighting specific and common features of crop ABA receptors.This research was funded by the grants SP20180340 (PAID-06-18), from Universitat Politecnica de Valencia, and GV/2020/159, from Generalitat Valenciana, to J.L.-J. and FONDOCYT2018 2C1-182 grant from FONDOCYT to S.M.R. and J.L.-J.Ruiz-Partida, R.; Rosario, SM.; Lozano Juste, J. (2021). An Update on Crop ABA Receptors. Plants. 10(6):1-22. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10061087S12210

Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profile homogeneity of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis isolates from cattle and heterogeneity of those from sheep and goats

BACKGROUND: Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map) causes paratuberculosis in animals and is suspected of causing Crohn's Disease in humans. Characterization of strains led to classify paratuberculosis isolates in two main types, cattle type strains, found affecting all host species, and sheep type strains, reported affecting mainly sheep. In order to get a better understanding of the epidemiology of paratuberculosis a large set of Map isolates obtained from different species over the last 25 years have been characterized. Five-hundred and twenty isolates from different hosts (cattle, sheep, goats, bison, deer and wild boar) and origins had been cultured and typed by IS1311 restriction-endonuclease-analysis. Two-hundred and sixty-nine isolates were further characterized by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) using SnaBI and SpeI endonucleases. Differences in strain isolation upon various media conditions were also studied. RESULTS: All bovines, 4 and 26% of Spanish sheep and goats, respectively, and the deer and wild boar studied, carried IS1311-Cattle type strains. IS1311-Sheep type encompassed 96% and 74% of Spanish sheep and goats, and all three Portuguese sheep. Thirty-seven distinct multiplex PFGE profiles were found, giving 32 novel profiles. Profiles 2-1 and 1-1 accounted for the 85% of cattle isolates. Ten distinct profiles were detected in Spanish sheep, none of them with an incidence higher than 25%. Profile 16-11 (43%) and another three profiles were identified in Spanish caprine cultures. The hierarchical analysis, clustered all profiles found in cattle, "wild" hosts and some small ruminants within the same group. The other group included 11 profiles only found in Spanish sheep and goats, including Spanish pigmented profiles. Differences in growth requirements associated with isolate genotype were observed. CONCLUSION: Cattle in Spain are infected with cattle type strains, while sheep and goats are mainly infected with sheep type strains. Although 7H9 broth based culture media seem to broadly cover the growth requirements of most Map strains, the use of various solid media is recommended to reduce any recovery biases. High genetic homogeneity of isolates from cattle, and heterogeneity of those from sheep and goats have been detected