The Impact of DRGs on Social Workers in a University-Affiliated, Teaching Hospital System

The impact of DRGs on social workers in four social work departments located in one Northeast State was assessed by interviews with all social work staff and administrators. The impact of DRGs was determined to be substantial. Implications for social work education and practice are considered

Understanding and measuring child welfare outcomes

The new Children\u27s and Family Services Reviews (CFSR) process focuses on the effectiveness of services to children and families by measuring client outcomes. This article reviews the research literature related to child welfare outcomes in order to provide a context for federal accountability efforts. It also summarizes the 2001 federal mandate to hold states accountable for child welfare outcomes and describes California\u27s response to this mandate. Implications of the outcomes literature review and measurement problems in the CFSR process suggest CSFR measures do not always capture meaningful outcomes. Recommendations for change are made

A detector for filtering γ\gamma-ray spectra from weak fusion–evaporation reactions out of strong background and for Doppler correction: The recoil filter detector, RFD

A detector has been designed and built to assist in-beam γ-ray spectroscopy with fusion–evaporation reactions. It measures with high efficiency the evaporation residues that recoil out of a thin target into the angular interval from 1.8° to 9.0° at an adjustable distance of 1000–1350 mm from a target, in coincidence with \gamma-rays detected in a Ge-detector array. This permits filtering of such \gamma-rays out of a much stronger background of other reaction products and scattered beam. Evaporation residues are identified by their time-of-flight and the pulse height using a pulsed beam. The velocity vector of the \gamma-emitting recoil is also measured in the event-by-event mode, facilitating to correct the registered \gamma-ray energy for the Doppler shift, with the resulting significant improvement of the energy resolution. The heavy-ion detection scheme uses emission of secondary electrons caused by the recoiling ions when hitting a thin foil. These electrons are then electrostatically accelerated and focused onto a small scintillator that measures the summed electron energy, which is proportional to the number of electrons. The detector is able to operate at high frequency of the order of 1 MHz and detect very heavy nuclei with as low kinetic energy as 5 MeV. The paper describes the properties of the detector and gives examples of measurements with the OSIRIS, GAREL+ and EUROBALL IV \gamma-ray spectrometers. The usefulness of the technique for spectroscopic investigations of nuclei with a continuous beam is also discussed

Unnatural-parity states in 2144Sc23^{44}_{21}Sc_{23}

High-spin states of the $^{44}$Sc nucleus, populated in the 68 MeV $^{18}$O + $^{30}$Si reaction, have been studied in a $\gamma-\gamma$-recoil coincidence experiment. The detailed decay pattern, with various paths and cross-transitions, has been extended up to 9.1 MeV. High-quality DCO and polarization information assign spins and parities for the majority of the observed levels. The negative-parity states are discussed and compared with rotational bands in neighbouring $f_{7/2}$-shell nuclei

Collectivity and single-particle degrees of freedom : studies of light f(7/2) nuclei at EUROBALL IV and recoil filter detector

Intruder rotational bands in 45Sc and 45Ti have been investigated up to the maximum aligned angular momentum by means of EUROBALL IV and the Recoil Filter Detector (RFD). The use of the RFD allowed for a reduction of the gamma-line Doppler broadening and, moreover, for a determination of very short level lifetimes. In the studied nuclei, the estimated deformation shows a gradual disappearance of the collectivity at the highest available spins