Direction finding measurements of auroral kilometric radiation

Direction finding measurements with plasma wave experiments onboard the Hawkeye-1 and IMP-8 satellites were used to locate the source region of auroral kilometric radiation. The radiation exhibits peak intensities between about 100 kHz and 300 kHz, and emits intense sporadic bursts lasting for between one half hour to several hours. The total power emitted in this frequency range exceeds 10 to the 9th power watts at peak intensity. The occurrence of the radiation is known to be closely associated with bright auroral arcs which occur in the local evening auroral regions

The Vector Direction of the Interstellar Magnetic Field Outside the Heliosphere

We propose that magnetic reconnection at the heliopause only occurs where the interstellar magnetic field points nearly anti-parallel to the heliospheric field. By using large-scale magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of the heliosphere to provide the initial conditions for kinetic simulations of heliopause (HP) reconnection we show that the energetic pickup ions downstream from the solar wind termination shock induce large diamagnetic drifts in the reconnecting plasma and stabilize non-anti-parallel reconnection. With this constraint the MHD simulations can show where HP reconnection most likely occurs. We also suggest that reconnection triggers the 2-3 kHz radio bursts that emanate from near the HP. Requiring the burst locations to coincide with the loci of anti-parallel reconnection allows us to determine, for the first time, the vector direction of the local interstellar magnetic field. We find it to be oriented towards the southern solar magnetic pole.Comment: Submitted to ApJ; incorporates minor referee-suggested revision

Data compression for the Cassini radio and plasma wave instrument

The Cassini Radio and Plasma Wave Science experiment will employ data compression to make effective use of the available data telemetry bandwidth. Some compression will be achieved by use of a lossless data compression chip and some by software in a dedicated 80C85 processor. A description of the instrument and data compression system are included in this report. Also, the selection of data compression systems and acceptability of data degradation is addressed

The plasma picture of the fractional quantum Hall effect with internal SU(K) symmetries

We consider trial wavefunctions exhibiting SU(K) symmetry which may be well-suited to grasp the physics of the fractional quantum Hall effect with internal degrees of freedom. Systems of relevance may be either spin-unpolarized states (K=2), semiconductors bilayers (K=2,4) or graphene (K=4). We find that some introduced states are unstable, undergoing phase separation or phase transition. This allows us to strongly reduce the set of candidate wavefunctions eligible for a particular filling factor. The stability criteria are obtained with the help of Laughlin's plasma analogy, which we systematically generalize to the multicomponent SU(K) case. The validity of these criteria are corroborated by exact-diagonalization studies, for SU(2) and SU(4). Furthermore, we study the pair-correlation functions of the ground state and elementary charged excitations within the multicomponent plasma picture.Comment: 13 pages, 7 figures; reference added, accepted for publication in PR

Direction-finding measurements of type 3 radio bursts out of the ecliptic plane

Direction-finding measurements with the plasma wave experiments on the HAWKEYE 1 and IMP 8 satellites are used to find the source locations of type 3 solar radio bursts in heliocentric latitude and longitude in a frequency range from 31.1 kHz to 500 kHz. Using an empirical model for the emission frequency as a function of radial distance from the sun the three-dimensional trajectory of the type 3 radio source can be determined from direction-finding measurements at different frequencies. Since the electrons which produce these radio emissions follow the magnetic field lines from the sun these measurements provide information on the three-dimensional structure of the magnetic field in the solar wind. The source locations projected into the ecliptic plane follow an Archimedian spiral. Perpendicular to the ecliptic plane the source locations usually follow a constant heliocentric latitude. With direction-finding measurements of this type it is also possible to determine the source size from the modulation factor of the received signals

Plasma wave measurements for the Mariner to Venus and Mercury Final report of the Plasma Wave Instrument Science Advisory Team for the 1973 Mercury/Venus mission design

Very low frequency electric and magnetic wave measurements for Mariner Venus Mercury 1973 missio

Polygenic threshold model with sex dimorphism in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: The Carter effect

Background: Idiopathic clubfoot is approximately twice as common in males than in females. The reason for this discrepancy is unclear butmay represent an inherent difference in the susceptibility to thedeformity. If this difference is due to genetic factors it is predicted that in order to inherit clubfoot, females need to have a greater number of susceptibility genes than males. Females would also be more likely to transmit the disease to their children and have siblings with clubfoot. This phenomenon is known as the Carter effect, and the presence of such an effect supports a multifactorial threshold model of inheritance. Methods: Ninety-seven multiplex families with more than one individual with idiopathic clubfoot were studied. The study included1093 individuals: 291with clubfoot and802unaffected relatives. Ratesof transmissionby the thirty-seven affected fathers and twenty-six affected mothers were calculated, and the prevalence among siblings was determined in the nuclear families of affected persons