Postverbal negation: Typology, diachrony, areality

The paper sketches the state of affairs of our understanding of postverbal negation. It departs from the typological finding that there is a cross-linguistic preference for a negator to precede the verb. Nevertheless, a sizable proportion of the world’s languages adhere to a pattern with a negator following the verb, and such negators are typically morphologically bound. The existence of this pattern, unfavorable from a functional perspective, calls for a diachronic explanation. The paper takes stock of diachronic processes that can lead to postverbal negation, in general, and suffixal negation, in particular. Furthermore, a language may acquire a pattern with postverbal negation through language contact, and this is yet another perspective that the paper addresses. Finally, we introduce the contributions to this volume, highlighting the new insights. Descriptive and Comparative Linguistic

Inclusive-exclusive distinctions in the languages of central-western South America

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Patterns of dispersal and diversification in Island Southeast Asia and Oeania

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Fetal abdominal wall repair with a collagen biomatrix in an experimental sheep model for gastroschisis.

Contains fulltext : 70287.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)We evaluated the regeneration of the abdominal wall using a dual-layer collagen biomatrix, and the protective effect on the bowel of fetal abdominal wall repair in a fetal sheep model for gastroschisis. In 14 fetal lambs, the abdominal wall was opened at 79 days' gestation, creating a gastroschisis. In group 1, the gastroschisis was left uncovered. In group 2, the bowel was repositioned, and the defect was closed by suturing a collagen biomatrix into the abdominal wall. A cesarean section was performed at 140 days' gestation, and macroscopic and histological evaluation was performed. In the five lambs with a gastroschisis, the eviscerated part of the bowel was coalescent, showed extensive adhesions, and was covered by fibrous peel. In group 2, the abdominal wall had closed, with a firm connection to the native abdominal wall. The biomatrix was largely degraded and replaced by connective tissue with collagen and fibroblasts, neovascularisation, and scattered muscle cells. Minor or no adhesions of the bowel and no peel formation were observed. Abdominal wall tissue replacement using a collagen biomatrix was feasible in fetal lambs, resulting in a closed abdominal wall at birth. Immediate closure of the gastroschisis strongly diminished or prevented bowel adhesions and peel formation