Flowering in Vitis: Effects oi genotype on cytokinin-induced conversion oi tenddls into inflorescences

Tendrils of several Vitis species and hybrids were transformed into inflorescences by repeated treatment of shoot apices with 6-(benzylamino)-9-(2-tetrahydropyranyl)-9H-purine (PBA, 50-1000 flM). Tendrils of male vines were more readily converted into inflorescences by PBA-treatment than those of females or hermaphrodite vines. V. vinifera, V. rupestris and their hybrids were more responsive to PBA-treatment than V. monticola, V. girdiana and Muscadinia rotundifolia. Bunches of gmpes with viable seeds were produced by tendril-derived inflorescences of the V. vinifera cultivars Muscat of Alexandria (☿) and Katakourgan (♀) and of a V. vinifera X V. rupestris hybrid (♂).Die Blütenbildung bei der Rebe: Der Einfluß des Genotyps auf die Cytokinin-induzierteUmwandlung von Ranken in InfloreszenzenDie Ranken verschiedener Vitis-Arten und -Bastarde entwickelten sich zu Infloreszenzen, wenn die Triebspitzen wiederholt mit 6-(Benzylamino)-9-(2-tetrahydropyranyl)-9H-purin (PBA; 50-1000 pM) behandelt wurden. Die Ranken männlicher Reben ließen sich durch PBA-Behandlung leichter in Infloreszenzen umwandeln als diejenigen weiblicher oder zwittriger Reben. V. vinifera, V. rupestris und ihre Kreuzungen reagierten stärker auf die PBA-Behandlung als V. monticola, V. girdiana und Muscadinia rotundifolia. Trauben mit lebensfähigen Samen entstanden aus rankenbürtigen Infloreszenzen der V.-vinifera-Sorten Muskat von Alexandria,(☿) und Katakourgan (♀) sowie einer V.-vinifera- x V.-rupestris-Kreuzung (♂)

GEODYN programmer's guide, volume 2, part 2

A computer program for executive control routine for orbit integration of artificial satellites is presented. At the beginning of each arc, the program initiates required constants as well as the variational partials at epoch. If epoch needs to be reset to a previous time, the program negates the stepsize, and calls for integration backward to the desired time. After backward integration is completed, the program resets the stepsize to the proper positive quantity

Determination of mean atmospheric densities from the explorer ix satellite

Mean atmospheric densities from changes in orbital elements of Explorer IX satellit

Profile scaling in decay of nanostructures

The flattening of a crystal cone below its roughening transition is studied by means of a step flow model. Numerical and analytical analyses show that the height profile, h(r,t), obeys the scaling scenario dh/dr = F(r t^{-1/4}). The scaling function is flat at radii r<R(t) \sim t^{1/4}. We find a one parameter family of solutions for the scaling function, and propose a selection criterion for the unique solution the system reaches.Comment: 4 pages, RevTex, 3 eps figure

Low temperature shape relaxation of 2-d islands by edge diffusion

We present a precise microscopic description of the limiting step for low temperature shape relaxation of two dimensional islands in which activated diffusion of particles along the boundary is the only mechanism of transport allowed. In particular, we are able to explain why the system is driven irreversibly towards equilibrium. Based on this description, we present a scheme for calculating the duration of the limiting step at each stage of the relaxation process. Finally, we calculate numerically the total relaxation time as predicted by our results and compare it with simulations of the relaxation process.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev.

Continuum description of profile scaling in nanostructure decay

The relaxation of axisymmetric crystal surfaces with a single facet below the roughening transition is studied via a continuum approach that accounts for step energy g_1 and step-step interaction energy g_3>0. For diffusion-limited kinetics, free-boundary and boundary-layer theories are used for self-similar shapes close to the growing facet. For long times and g_3/g_1 < 1, (a) a universal equation is derived for the shape profile, (b) the layer thickness varies as (g_3/g_1)^{1/3}, (c) distinct solutions are found for different g_3/_1, and (d) for conical shapes, the profile peak scales as (g_3/g_1)^{-1/6}. These results compare favorably with kinetic simulations.Comment: 4 pages including 3 figure

Dewetting of an ultrathin solid film on a lattice-matched or amorphous substrate

An evolution partial differential equation for the surface of a non-wetting single-crystal film in an attractive substrate potential is derived and used to study the dynamics of a pinhole for the varying initial depth of a pinhole and the strengths of the potential and the surface energy anisotropy. The results of the simulations demonstrate how the corresponding parameters may lead to complete or partial dewetting of the film. Anisotropy of the surface energy, through faceting of the pinhole walls, is found to most drastically affect the time to film rupture. In particular, the similations support the conjecture that the strong anisotropy is capable of the complete suppression of dewetting even when the attractive substrate potential is strong.Comment: Submitted to PR