7,676 research outputs found
Vortex Molecules in Spinor Condensates
Condensates of atoms with spins can have vortices of several types; these are
related to the symmetry group of the atoms' ground state. We discuss how, when
a condensate is placed in a small magnetic field that breaks the spin symmetry,
these vortices may form bound states. Using symmetry classification of
vortex-charge and rough estimates for vortex interactions, one can show that
some configurations that are stable at zero temperature can decay at finite
temperatures by crossing over energy barriers. Our focus is cyclic spin 2
condensates, which have tetrahedral symmetry.Comment: 28 pages, 12 figure
Structure Learning in Motor Control:A Deep Reinforcement Learning Model
Motor adaptation displays a structure-learning effect: adaptation to a new
perturbation occurs more quickly when the subject has prior exposure to
perturbations with related structure. Although this `learning-to-learn' effect
is well documented, its underlying computational mechanisms are poorly
understood. We present a new model of motor structure learning, approaching it
from the point of view of deep reinforcement learning. Previous work outside of
motor control has shown how recurrent neural networks can account for
learning-to-learn effects. We leverage this insight to address motor learning,
by importing it into the setting of model-based reinforcement learning. We
apply the resulting processing architecture to empirical findings from a
landmark study of structure learning in target-directed reaching (Braun et al.,
2009), and discuss its implications for a wider range of learning-to-learn
phenomena.Comment: 39th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, to appea
The Continuity of Discontinuity: How Young Jews Are Connecting, Creating, and Organizing Their Own Jewish Lives
Based on case studies of four self-initiated ventures in Jewish self-organizing, explores their organizing principles, the limitations of and challenges for conventional institutions, and implications for engaging the new generation
Beyond Distancing: Young Adult American Jews and Their Alienation from Israel
This research reports on a mounting body of evidence that has pointed to a growing distancing from Israel of American Jews, most pronounced among younger Jews, and explores critical questions behind their presumably diminished attachment to Israel
Could light harvesting complexes exhibit non-classical effects at room temperature?
Mounting experimental and theoretical evidence suggests that coherent quantum
effects play a role in the efficient transfer of an excitation from a
chlorosome antenna to a reaction center in the Fenna-Matthews-Olson protein
complex. However, it is conceivable that a satisfying alternate interpretation
of the results is possible in terms of a classical theory. To address this
possibility, we consider a class of classical theories satisfying the minimal
postulates of macrorealism and frame Leggett-Garg-type tests that could rule
them out. Our numerical simulations indicate that even in the presence of
decoherence, several tests could exhibit the required violations of the
Leggett-Garg inequality. Remarkably, some violations persist even at room
temperature for our decoherence model.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables, submitted to the Proceedings of the
Royal Society
Topological Phases of One-Dimensional Fermions: An Entanglement Point of View
The effect of interactions on topological insulators and superconductors
remains, to a large extent, an open problem. Here, we describe a framework for
classifying phases of one-dimensional interacting fermions, focusing on
spinless fermions with time-reversal symmetry and particle number parity
conservation, using concepts of entanglement. In agreement with an example
presented by Fidkowski \emph{et. al.} (Phys. Rev. B 81, 134509 (2010)), we find
that in the presence of interactions there are only eight distinct phases,
which obey a group structure. This is in contrast to the
classification in the non-interacting case. Each of these eight
phases is characterized by a unique set of bulk invariants, related to the
transformation laws of its entanglement (Schmidt) eigenstates under symmetry
operations, and has a characteristic degeneracy of its entanglement levels. If
translational symmetry is present, the number of distinct phases increases to
16.Comment: 12 pages, 1 figure; journal ref. adde
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