Study the Changes of Thyroid Hormones Levels Following Major Urological Surgery

This study was designed to evaluate the effect of major surgery on thyroid hormones and thyrotropin in patient undergoing major lower abdominal surgery. The study included fifty patients scheduled for elective major lower abdominal surgery, the serum levels of T3, T4 and TSH were determined one day preoperatively, intraoperative, one day postoperatively, two days postoperatively, and rT3 was determined one day preoperatively, and one day postoperatively. We observed that the levels of (T3, T4, TSH) increased significantly (P0.05). rT3 increased not significant (P>0.05) in one day postoperatively. It has been proposed these changes due to surgical stress that inhibits peripheral conversion of T4 to T3 by inhibiting peripheral 5'-deiodinase activity, also The absence of pituitary response to changes in serum levels of T3 and T4.According to the results of this study there is a transient abnormality in thyroid function tests in patient undergoing elective major surgery and this abnormality due to surgical stress

Water use vs. socio-economic factors in a water stressed urban area having economic affluence

The paper presents household water-use data collected from a water use survey in an urban area located in a water stressed region in the Middle East. The purpose of the survey was to investigate the effect and relationships of water shortage, economic effluence and socioeconomic attributes of house holds on per capita water use in the area. Results indicated wide variation of water uses in smaller districts of the urban area. In small areas socioeconomic factors are significantly related to per capita water use. However, when total urban area is considered, same set of factors do not show any meaningful relationship to per capita water use. Water use in summer is about 2-6 times more than that in winter. Over all per capita water use in the area is recorded to be one the highest in the world

Techno-Economic Feasibility to Generate Electricity by Using PSO Technique for the Urban City in Iraq: Case Study

For developing nations such as Iraq, electricity access in rural areas, especially those which are remote, is limited. Thus, the present study explores the electrical needs of the city of Zerbattiya, Iraq. The proposed system’s components include solar panels, wind turbines, diesel generators, and batteries. This research proposes a techno-economically feasible and optimal sizing for each component to generate electricity for the village. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm was used in this research by using MATLAB. The ideal setting of a hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) is achieved by considering the lowest possible COE with the highest reliability and possible value of renewable energy factors. Reliability is gauged on the basis of “loss of power supply probability†(LPSP). Results showed that the respective optimal values for NPV (30), NWT (30), NDG (3), NBT (281), COE (US$0.142), LPSP (0.002085), reliability (99.791) and renewable factors (21.42%). The findings further demonstrate that the algorithm was able to achieve optimal solutions to reduce overall cost, quickly and accurately. In conclusion, implementation of HRES was found to be an apt method of meeting electrical needs of remote rural areas, not only in Iraq, but also other developing nations with similar climates

In vitro isolation and expansion of neural stem cells NSCs

     الخلايا الجذعية العصبية (NSCs) هي خلايا مولدة لديها القدرة على التجديد الذاتي والقدرة على التمايز إلى خلايا عصبية نجمية astrocytes ، وخلايا عصبية قليلة التفرع  oligodendrocyte، و خلايا عصبية neuron . في هذه الدراسة تم عزل الخلايا الجذعية في المختبر ، وتنميتها في المختبر ، وتحديد هويتها ، ومن ثم انتاج الخلايا الجذعية العصبية وحفظها بالنيتروجين السائل كمصدر خلايا ناجح لاستخدامها لاحقا في التجارب العلاجية. تم استخدام نخاع عظم الفأر كمصدر للخلايا الجذعية العصبية في هذه الدراسة. أظهرت نتائج دراسة الشكل المظهري والكيمياء المناعية للخلايا المعزولة أنه يمكننا إنتاج الخلايا الجذعية العصبية NSCs بنجاح والحفاظ على تجديدها الذاتي وتشكيلها بنجاح في الغلاف العصبي ولتمريرات متعددة. تم الحفاظ على الشكل المظهري للخلايا الناتجة وتخزينها في النيتروجين السائل لتكون مصدرا جاهزا للاستخدام في التجارب كنموذج لعلاج الاضطرابات العصبية.   Neural stem cells (NSCs) are progenitor cells which have the ability to self‑renewal and potential for differentiating into neurons, oligodendrocytes, and astrocytes. The in vitro isolation, culturing, identification, cryopreservation were investigated to produce neural stem cells in culture as successful sources for further studies before using it for clinical trials. In this study, mouse bone marrow was the source of neural stem cells. The results of morphological study and immunocytochemistry of isolated cells showed that NSCs can be produced successfully and maintaining their self‑renewal and successfully forming neurosphere for multiple passages. The spheres preserved their morphology in culture and cryopreserved to be a ready source for use in experiments as a model for neurological disorders

Associative effects of activated carbon biochar and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on wheat for reducing nickel food chain bioavailability

Heavy metal stress and less nutrient availability are some of the major concerns in agriculture. Both abiotic stresses have potential to decrease the crops productivity. On the other hand, organic fertilizers i.e., activated carbon biochar (ACB) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) increase nutritional and heavy metal like Nickel (Ni) stress tolerance and provide immunity to plants for their survival in unfavorable environments. Previous studies have only looked at single applications of either ACB or AMF thus far. There is limited evidence of their synergistic effects, especially in plants growing in soil contaminated with nickel (Ni). To cover the knowledge gap of combined use of AMF inoculation (Glomus intraradices) and/or wheat straw biochar amendments on wheat growth, antioxidant activities and osmolytes concentration, present study is conducted. The use of either the AMF inoculant or the ACB alone resulted in improved wheat growth and decreased Ni uptake. Furthermore, sole AMF or ACB also reduced Ni stress effectively, allowing wheat to grow faster and reducing soil Ni transfer into plant tissue. In comparison to a control, adding ACB with AMF inoculant considerably increased fungal populations. The most significant increase in wheat growth and decrease in tissue Ni contents came from amending soil with AMF inoculant and biochar. Inducing soil alkalinization and causing Ni immobilization, as well as decreasing Ni phyto-availability, the combination treatment had a synergistic impact. These findings imply that AMF inoculation in ACB treatment could be used not only for wheat production but also for Ni-contaminated soil phyto-stabilization. (C) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer reviewe

Effect of Nonâ Surgical Periodontal Therapy on Câ Telopeptide Pyridinoline Crossâ Links (ICTP) and Interleukinâ 1 Levels

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141705/1/jper1045.pd

Validation of plasma protein glycation and oxidation biomarkers for the diagnosis of autism

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder in children. It is currently diagnosed by behaviour-based assessments made by observation and interview. In 2018 we reported a discovery study of a blood biomarker diagnostic test for ASD based on a combination of four plasma protein glycation and oxidation adducts. The test had 88% accuracy in children 5–12 years old. Herein, we present an international multicenter clinical validation study (N = 478) with application of similar biomarkers to a wider age range of 1.5–12 years old children. Three hundred and eleven children with ASD (247 male, 64 female; age 5.2 ± 3.0 years) and 167 children with typical development (94 male, 73 female; 4.9 ± 2.4 years) were recruited for this study at Sidra Medicine and Hamad Medical Corporation hospitals, Qatar, and Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Spain. For subjects 5–12 years old, the diagnostic algorithm with features, advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs)—Nε-carboxymethyl-lysine (CML), Nω-carboxymethylarginine (CMA) and 3-deoxyglucosone-derived hydroimidazolone (3DG-H), and oxidative damage marker, o,o’-dityrosine (DT), age and gender had accuracy 83% (CI 79 – 89%), sensitivity 94% (CI 90–98%), specificity 67% (CI 57–76%) and area-under-the-curve of receiver operating characteristic plot (AUROC) 0.87 (CI 0.84–0.90). Inclusion of additional plasma protein glycation and oxidation adducts increased the specificity to 74%. An algorithm with 12 plasma protein glycation and oxidation adduct features was optimum for children of 1.5–12 years old: accuracy 74% (CI 70–79%), sensitivity 75% (CI 63–87%), specificity 74% (CI 58–90%) and AUROC 0.79 (CI 0.74–0.84). We conclude that ASD diagnosis may be supported using an algorithm with features of plasma protein CML, CMA, 3DG-H and DT in 5–12 years-old children, and an algorithm with additional features applicable for ASD screening in younger children. ASD severity, as assessed by ADOS-2 score, correlated positively with plasma protein glycation adducts derived from methylglyoxal, hydroimidazolone MG-H1 and Nε(1-carboxyethyl)lysine (CEL). The successful validation herein may indicate that the algorithm modifiable features are mechanistic risk markers linking ASD to increased lipid peroxidation, neuronal plasticity and proteotoxic stress.</p

Exogenously applied ZnO nanoparticles induced salt tolerance in potentially high yielding modern wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars

Salinity stress is one of the potential threats that adversely affect the productivity of many cereal crops worldwide. Spraying plants with nano-Zn particles may lessen effectively such negative impacts on plants; yet its mode of action is still not well explored. This study was performed to evaluate the effects of spraying nano-Zn particles with varying concentrations (0, 20, 50 and 80 mg L-1) on two wheat cultivars irrigated with saline water (EC = 6.3 dS m-1) versus a non-saline one. The key results revealed that root and shoot weights decreased significantly under salinity stress conditions, while improved considerably with nano-Zn-particles foliar application up to 50 mg nanoZn L-1; thereafter significant reductions occurred. Also, shoot and root lengths as well as plant leaf area index improved considerably owing to this foliar application. Clearly, roots and shoots weights of wheat plants sprayed with nano-Zn particles under salinity stress conditions exhibited higher values than the corresponding ones that was grown under non-saline conditions without nano-Zn-particles applications. Unexpectedly, this foliar spray led to significant reductions in plant pigments and also in enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants in plants. Yet, this foliar spray enhanced formation of total soluble sugars and proline, and raised significantly Ca contents in wheat roots and shoots, and to some extent K contents. In conclusion, the foliar application of nano-Zn particles increased plant growth under salty stress conditions via two parallel processes, i.e., stimulating formation of osmolytes and stimulating nutrient uptake which may, in turn, increase plant metabolism. (c) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CCPeer reviewe