1,3-Bis(1-cyclo­hexyl­eth­yl)imidazolidine-2-thione

The complete mol­ecule of the title compound, C19H34N2S, is generated by crystallographic twofold symmetry, with the C=S group lying on the rotation axis. A short C—H⋯S contact occurs in the mol­ecule. The five-membered ring is twisted and the cyclo­hexyl ring adopts a chair conformation. The dihedral angle between the mean plane of the five-membered ring and the basal plane of the cyclo­hexyl ring is 75.32 (13)°

Kinetic hindrance during the initial oxidation of Pd(100) at ambient pressures

The oxidation of the Pd(100) surface at oxygen pressures in the 10^-6 to 10^3 mbar range and temperatures up to 1000 K has been studied in-situ by surface x-ray diffraction (SXRD). The results provide direct structural information on the phases present in the surface region and on the kinetics of the oxide formation. Depending on the (T,p) environmental conditions we either observe a thin sqrt(5) x sqrt(5) R27 surface oxide or the growth of a rough, poorly ordered bulk oxide film of PdO predominantly with (001) orientation. By either comparison to the surface phase diagram from first-principles atomistic thermodynamics or by explicit time-resolved measurements we identify a strong kinetic hindrance to the bulk oxide formation even at temperatures as high as 675 K.Comment: 4 pages including 4 figures, Related publications can be found at http://www.fhi-berlin.mpg.de/th/paper.htm

EFFECT OF RIFIT, RONSTAR AND MACHETE ON THE GROWTH, YIELD AND YIELD ATTRIBUTES OF BR28 PADDY GROWN IN BORO SEASON

ABSTRACT In the present investigation BR28 paddy was grown in the Boro season. Three herbicides: Rifit 500 EC, Ronstar 25 EC and Machete 5G were applied in different doses and studied their effects on the control of weeds and ultimate growth, yield and yield components of Boro paddy. Eleven different treatments viz.: T 1 (control, no herbicide was used), T 2 (only hand weeding was done), T 3 (Rifit normal dose), T 4 (double of Rifit normal dose), T 5 (half of Rifit normal dose), T 6 (Ronstar normal dose), T 7 (double of Ronster normal dose), T 8 (half of Ronster normal dose), T 9 (normal dose of Machete), T 10 (double of Machete normal dose) and T 11 (half of Machete normal dose) were used in the experiment. The number of tillers, length per tiller, length per panicle, area of flag leaves, number of filled grains, percentage of filled grains, straw and grain yield per hectare were found maximum at T 3 where normal dose of Rifit 500 EC was applied

Oxide formation at the surface of late 4d transition metals: Insights from first-principles atomistic thermodynamics

Using density-functional theory we assess the stability of bulk and surface oxides of the late 4d transition metals in a ``constrained equilibrium'' with a gas phase formed of O2 and CO. While the stability range of the most stable bulk oxide extends for ruthenium well into gas phase conditions representative of technological CO oxidation catalysis, this is progressively less so for the 4d metals to its right in the periodic system. Surface oxides could nevertheless still be stable under such conditions. These thermodynamic considerations are discussed in the light of recent experiments, emphasizing the role of (surface) oxides as the active phase of model catalysts formed from these metals.Comment: 7 pages including 3 figures, Related publications can be found at http://www.fhi-berlin.mpg.de/th/paper.htm

A Review on Ship Recycling Industry in Bangladesh from Global Perspective

At present, the global center of the ship breaking and recycling industry is in South Asia, specifically Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan. These three countries account for 70–80 percent of the international recycling market for ocean-going vessels, with China and Turkey covering most of the remaining market. Only about 5 percent of global volume is scrapped outside these five countries. Bangladesh has environmentally beneficial coastal region and affordable labor that make the shipbreaking and recycling business as a potential sector for the country. In addition, ship recycling and its related businesses are helping to solve our nation’s unemployment issues at all levels of the population. This study provides a statistical overview of ship recycling industries and the difficulties of this sector with feasible solutions. Firstly, this article tries to demonstrate the statistical analysis of Bangladesh\u27s ship recycling sector from a worldwide viewpoint as well as its contribution to the country\u27s economy. The graphical representation of the number of scrapped ships yearly and their GRT/LDT value shows a good comparison of the development of this industry in Bangladesh as well as other countries. Besides, the average number of breaking ships and their GRT /LDT values for a few years (2012-2021) also represents the growth of the ship breaking and recycling industry. The data in this study is based on public online journal articles, conference papers, reports from organizations (NGOs), reports from the steel and other industries, daily newspaper articles, etc. All of these data have been sorted according to country-wise, number of the scrapped ship, GRT value, etc., and represented by different graphical analyses. Despite the fact that this industry has helped the nation to gain a lot of reputation, it also has some challenges that need to be addressed immediately. The later part of this study discusses those challenges of these industries and finally, certain propositions have been proposed in order to overcome those challenges

Coherent control of the Goos-Hanchen shift

Journals published by the American Physical Society can be found at http://publish.aps.org/The behavior of the Goos-Hanchen (GH) shifts in the reflected and transmitted light beam which is incident on a cavity containing an intracavity medium of three-level or four-level atoms with electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is discussed. We report a coherent control of the GH shift in a fixed configuration or device via superluminal and subluminal wave propagation. For superluminal wave propagation, we observe negative GH shifts in the reflected part of the incident light whereas the shifts are positive in the transmitted light beam. This corresponds to the negative group index of the cavity in the former case and positive group index of the cavity in the latter. For subluminal wave propagation, the behavior of the GH shifts in the reflected light changes and positive shifts appearhowever, the GH shifts in the transmitted light remains positive. The corresponding group index of the cavity is positive in both cases

Micronutrient Sprinkles to Control Childhood Anaemia

Over 750 million children have iron-deficiency anemia. A simple powdered sachet may be the key to addressing this global proble