Evaluating Historical Episodes using Shock Decompositions in the DSGE Model

We present alternative methods for calculating and interpreting the influence of exogenous shocks on historical episodes within the context of DSGE models. We show analytically why different methods for calculating shock decompositions can generate conflicting interpretations of the same historical episodes. We illustrate this point using an extended version of Drautzburg and Uhlig's (2015) model of the U.S. economy, focusing on the periods 1964-1966, 1979-1987, 2007-2008 and 2016-2018. We argue that the best method for analyzing particular episodes is one which isolates the influence of the shocks during the period under consideration and where the initial conditions represent the system's distance from steady state at the beginning of the episode

Absolute Measurements for Uranium Verification Content in Radiographic Containers

Depleted Uranium (DU) is used for its very high density in civilian uses include radiation shielding in medical radiation therapy, industrial radiography equipment, containers used to transport radioactive materials. Absolute measurements have been performed for verification of uranium mass content in gamma radiography by using detector’s model developed with MCNP in nuclear safeguard inspection for these samples. Both the experimental results obtained as well as MCNP results are used to estimate the 238U mass content. The determined and the declared 238U masses values are found in an agreement with accuracy from -1.74 % to 1.80 %

Turning It Up To Eleven: Re-Evaluating the Role of Financial Frictions in the 2007–2008 Economic Crisis

We analyze the role of public and private financial frictions in the 2007–2008 economic crisis in the United States by extending the model of Drautzburg and Uhlig (2015) to eleven observable variables using data on all three interest rates in the model (policy, private and public). We also include a preference shock in the model, and present an alternative method for describing shock decompositions during and preceding the crisis designed to isolate the impact of the pre-crisis shocks. The estimated model produces an intuitive description of the evolution of the postwar U.S. economy overall and of the economic crisis at the end of the sample period. We find, in contrast to Drautzburg and Uhlig, that monetary and fiscal policy shocks played a significant role in mitigating the effects of the financial crisis

Neke značajke fizičkih svojstava praha nikal oksida

Nickel oxide powder was prepared by firing spec pure NiCO3 in air for 6 hours at different firing temperatures ranged from 800◦C to 1200◦C. The crystal structure of all samples is a cubic structural as obtained from XRD study. The diffuse reflectance of different samples of NiO was measured at room temperature in the wavelength range from 200 to 2000 nm. The energy gap of NiO samples was then deduced as well as the position and number of different transitions which were found to be dependent on the firing temperature. The electrical conductivity σm was measured over temperature range from 50◦C to 320◦C and frequency range from 42 Hz to 5 MHz. The conductivity decreases with increasing firing temperature and increases with frequency. The activation energy was calculated and was found to increase with increasing firing temperature. Electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra were recorded at room temperature as first derivatives using an X-band spectrometer with a magnetic field modulation of 100 kHz. The intensity of the ESR-spectra of NiO samples decreases with increasing firing temperature.Prah nikal oksida smo pripremali 6-satnim prženjem NiCO3 u zraku na nizu temperatura između 800◦C i 1200◦C. Kristalna struktura svih uzoraka je kubna kako smo utvrdili rentgenskom difrakcijom. Difuznu reflektivnost uzoraka NiO mjerili smo na sobnoj temperaturi u području valnih duljina 200 do 2000 nm. Utvrdili smo energijski procjep kao i položaj i broj niza prijelaza i ustanovili da ovise o temperaturi prženja. Mjerili smo električnu vodljivost σm na temperaturama 50◦C do 320◦C i u području frekvencija 42 Hz do 5 MHz. Vodljivost se smanjuje za veće temperature prženja a raste s frekvencijom. Izračunali smo aktivacijsku energiju i našli da raste s povećanjem temperature prženja. Mjerili smo spektre elektronske spinske rezonancije (ESR) na sobnoj temperaturi kao prve derivacije pomoću spektrometra u pojasu X, modulirajući magnetsko polje sa 100 kHz. Intenzitet spektara ESR uzoraka NiO smanjuje se s povećanjem temperature prženja

Cockayne syndrome B protein stimulates apurinic endonuclease 1 activity and protects against agents that introduce base excision repair intermediates

The Cockayne syndrome B (CSB) protein—defective in a majority of patients suffering from the rare autosomal disorder CS—is a member of the SWI2/SNF2 family with roles in DNA repair and transcription. We demonstrate herein that purified recombinant CSB and the major human apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endonuclease, APE1, physically and functionally interact. CSB stimulates the AP site incision activity of APE1 on normal (i.e. fully paired) and bubble AP–DNA substrates, with the latter being more pronounced (up to 6-fold). This activation is ATP-independent, and specific for the human CSB and full-length APE1 protein, as no CSB-dependent stimulation was observed with Escherichia coli endonuclease IV or an N-terminal truncated APE1 fragment. CSB and APE1 were also found in a common protein complex in human cell extracts, and recombinant CSB, when added back to CSB-deficient whole cell extracts, resulted in increased total AP site incision capacity. Moreover, human fibroblasts defective in CSB were found to be hypersensitive to both methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) and 5-hydroxymethyl-2′-deoxyuridine, agents that introduce base excision repair (BER) DNA substrates/intermediates

Connections to the Electrodes Control the Transport Mechanism in Single-Molecule Transistors.

When designing a molecular electronic device for a specific function, it is necessary to control whether the charge-transport mechanism is phase-coherent transmission or particle-like hopping. Here we report a systematic study of charge transport through single zinc-porphyrin molecules embedded in graphene nanogaps to form transistors, and show that the transport mechanism depends on the chemistry of the molecule-electrode interfaces. We show that van der Waals interactions between molecular anchoring groups and graphene yield transport characteristic of Coulomb blockade with incoherent sequential hopping, whereas covalent molecule-electrode amide bonds give intermediately or strongly coupled single-molecule devices that display coherent transmission. These findings demonstrate the importance of interfacial engineering in molecular electronic circuits

Distribution of Energy-Momentum in a Schwarzschild-Quintessence Space-time Geometry

An analysis of the energy-momentum localization for a four-dimensional\break Schwarzschild black hole surrounded by quintessence is presented in order to provide expressions for the distributions of energy and momentum. The calculations are performed by using the Landau-Lifshitz and Weinberg energy-momentum complexes. It is shown that all the momenta vanish, while the expression for the energy depends on the mass $M$ of the black hole, the state parameter $w_{q}$ and the normalization factor $c$. The special case of $w_{q}=-2/3$ is also studied, and two limiting cases are examined.Comment: 9 page

Care Bundle Application Decreases The Frequency and Severity of Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Preterm Neonates: Single Center Study

Background: Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is a severe complication in preterm babies admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU). Advanced stages of IVH predispose to neurological deficits such as cerebral palsy and hydrocephalus. There are numerous strategies and policies implemented in NICUs around the world to decrease the incidence of IVH in preterm babies and prevent its ensuing neurodevelopmental complications. Aim of the Work: To study the effect of implementing a bundle of care on incidence and severity of IVH among preterm neonates. Materials and Methods: Retrospective analysis of patient records for incidence and severity of IVH between May and August 2018 was done. This was followed by an educational interim period where NICU staff received training of pre-natal, natal, and postnatal care bundle guidelines to reduce IVH. The guidelines were then implemented on all preterm babies (28-34 weeks gestational age (GA)) born and admitted to Kasr Al Ainy Teaching Hospital NICU, Cairo University between October 2018 and January 2019 (n=58). Cranial ultrasonography was performed at week 1 and week 2-3 of life. Frequency and severity of IVH were compared among studied groups. Risk factors for IVH were analyzed and recorded. Results: The frequency of IVH was significantly lower in the post-bundle group (44-46% pre-bundle, and 27% post-bundle) especially evidenced by the ultrasonography in week two of life. Severity of IVH also improved post bundle since there were no grade III IVH patients in that group. Exposure to hypocapnia, blood pressure fluctuations, IV fluid boluses and administration of sodium bicarbonate were significantly correlated with development of IVH in preterm babies (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Implementation of an IVH care bundle that includes perinatal measures can positively affect the neurological outcome by decreasing incidence and severity of IVH in preterm babies