SING A SELF-ORGANIZING MAP TO IDENTIFY GROUP-SPECIFIC MOVEMENT PATTERNS DURING RUNNING

The purposes of this study were (a) to use a self-organizing map to identify groups of people with a similar movement pattern, (b) to associate these groups with characteristics related to age and gender, and (c) to investigate whether these groups require specific footwear features to improve comfort. The movement patterns of 88 subjects during 5 running trials were collected. A self-organizing map was used to identify groups with group-specific movement patterns. The identified groups had specific footwear requirements with respect to comfort, which was only partially explained by the age characteristics of these groups. This study demonstrated how groups of people with specific needs regarding footwear comfort can be identified by their movement pattern

Unauthorized fictions: political conflict as spectacle and the question of trust in the age of Trump

Why do supporters of former US president Donald Trump make short tribute videos which resemble mainstream action film trailers with their idol as the protagonist? And why does the Trump campaign use a similar trailer template for video of rallies and campaign spots? This contribution traces the increasing use of cinematic storytelling templates in the digital media environment, particularly for Trump’s right-wing politics. We focus on tribute and campaign videos which appeal to the viewer’s tacit knowledge of the trailer format to make political conflicts legible as dramatic confrontations. We argue that their stylization of political conflict as spectacle should be understood as an example of “ocular democracy” (Green 2011), in which the gaze, rather than the voice, is the source of popular empowerment. To the extent that these films signal a threat to liberal democracy, it lies not in the narrativization of conflict in cinematic terms, but in the propagation of generalized distrust in combination with particularized trust in the figure of the demagogue

LOWER LIMB MUSCLE RECRUITMENT STRATEGIES DIFFER BETWEEN ELITE AND RECREATIONAL ICE HOCKEY PLAYERS

Understanding the muscle recruitment strategies that have the largest contribution to performance is essential in sports biomechanics. The aims of this study were to characterise principal muscle activation patterns during accelerative hockey skating and to classify skill levels of players based on their principal muscle activation patterns. Key features of lower limb muscle activation strategies during accelerative skating were extracted and used to classify, with 83% success, elite and recreational players’ acceleration strides. Classification and functional interpretation of muscle coordination is important to understand the differences in muscle recruitment strategies across skill levels, and to monitor changes that result from training

The BAR Domain Superfamily: Membrane-Molding Macromolecules

Membrane-shaping proteins of the BAR domain superfamily are determinants of organelle biogenesis, membrane trafficking, cell division, and cell migration. An upsurge of research now reveals new principles of BAR domain-mediated membrane remodeling, enhancing our understanding of membrane curvature-mediated information processing

Changes in ankle work, foot work, and tibialis anterior activation throughout a long run

Background The ankle and foot together contribute to over half of the positive and negative work performed by the lower limbs during running. Yet, little is known about how foot kinetics change throughout a run. The amount of negative foot work may decrease as tibialis anterior (TA) electromyography (EMG) changes throughout longer-duration runs. Therefore, we examined ankle and foot work as well as TA EMG changes throughout a changing-speed run. Methods Fourteen heel-striking subjects ran on a treadmill for 58 min. We collected ground reaction forces, motion capture, and EMG. Subjects ran at 110%, 100%, and 90% of their 10-km running speed and 2.8 m/s multiple times throughout the run. Foot work was evaluated using the distal rearfoot work, which provides a net estimate of all work contributors within the foot. Results Positive foot work increased and positive ankle work decreased throughout the run at all speeds. At the 110% 10-km running speed, negative foot work decreased and TA EMG frequency shifted lower throughout the run. The increase in positive foot work may be attributed to increased foot joint work performed by intrinsic foot muscles. Changes in negative foot work and TA EMG frequency may indicate that the TA plays a role in negative foot work in the early stance of a run. Conclusion This study is the first to examine how the kinetic contributions of the foot change throughout a run. Future studies should investigate how increases in foot work affect running performance

Analgosedation for less-invasive surfactant administration: Variations in practice

BACKGROUND Less-invasive surfactant administration (LISA) is widely used for surfactant delivery to spontaneously breathing preterm infants on nasal CPAP. However, the use of analgesia and/or sedation for the LISA procedure remains controversial. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional survey of all tertiary neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in Austria, Germany, and Switzerland to assess current practices of analgosedation for LISA in preterm infants. RESULTS Eighty-eight of 172 (51.2%) NICUs responded to the survey, of which 83 (94.3%) perform LISA. Analgosedation for LISA is used in 60 (72.3%) NICUs. Twenty-eight of those (46.7%) have unit protocols to guide analgosedation while 32 (53.3%) administer medication at the discretion of the attending physician. Ketamine (45.0% of NICUs), propofol (41.7%), fentanyl (21.7%), morphine (20.0%), and midazolam (20.0%) were most frequently used for analgosedation for LISA. Nine (10.7%) NICUs reported the use of pain or distress scores during LISA. CONCLUSION LISA is well established among tertiary NICUs in the German-speaking countries. However, there are considerable variations regarding the use of analgosedation. More evidence is required to guide clinicians seeking to safely and effectively deliver surfactant via a thin catheter to spontaneously breathing preterm infants