Clinical submission of supernumerary head of adducter brevis muscle

Adductor brevis is an important member of the adductor family occupying the medial compartment of the thigh executing the function of adduction and medial rotation. Deviations from normal anatomy are unusual and rarely reported. A survey of anatomical archives revealed occasional mention of additional bellies of adductor brevis muscle. The present study reports a double belly of adductor brevis muscle (AB) found during a cadaveric dissection class for medical students. The left sided AB displayed two bellies disposed in the same plane. This case report attempts to present the clinical applications of supernumerary bellies of this important adductor muscle of the thigh. It is feasible to categorize these muscular variations upon specialized radiological procedures such as CT and MRI scans only if the radiologist possesses satisfactory understanding of variant anatomy of this region. It is thereafter inferred that upon recognition these muscles present a fair chance of being of utilitised in reconstructions. A biomechanical overview of the present anomaly is also attempte

The Management Accounting Needs of Small Enterprises And the Role of Small Accounting Practices.

Management accounting research has previously focused mostly on large firms rather than SMEs despite the significance of SMEs in the UK economy. The high failure rate of small enterprises in the UK points to the need to increase their financial robustness. Small accounting practices (SAPs) would seem to provide a possible alternative source of management accounting information for businesses too small to afford in-house accountants, but the literature over thirty years suggests that this approach has not been adopted. The sparse research in this area has proposed disparate reasons for the limited use of SAPs, without providing a definitive explanation. The intractability of the barriers to the use of SAPs for the provision of management accounting information points to a mismatch between management accounting theory, which tends to be based on neo-classical economics, and the approach used in practice in small firms and SAPs. The research investigates these barriers, assessing the extent to which owner-managers carry out management accounting in small enterprises despite the opportunity costs involved and explores the reasons behind their tendency not to seek management accounting services from SAPs. It also evaluates the potential of SAPs to provide management accounting services and the reasons limiting their promotion. The research draws on a critical realist perspective using qualitative, multiple case studies involving semi-structured interviews to examine the degree to which neo-classical economic theory,old institutional economics and new institutional sociology can explain how the barriers have arisen and why they have remained. The findings expand existing research on management accounting by bringing into focus the interaction between actors and their structural context in small firms and SAPs, demonstrating how that shapes management accounting practices, particularly with regard to the barriers to the greater use of SAPs

Reconceptualising Value: Defining, Measuring and Managing Social Value Creation by Business Enterprises

The current business practice with its emphasis on short-term profit detached from wider values has lost legitimacy. The aim of this research was to determine whether the behaviour of alternative business enterprises with social primary objectives could be explained in terms of neoclassical economic theory or if they could provide different models which could help to change business culture. In the supporting literature there is a lack of empirical evidence detailing practical examples of approaches taken by alternative enterprises which could be applied to mainstream business practice. To begin to fill that gap the current research used a qualitative case study approach within a critical realist framework to carry out an in-depth study of the operations strategies of five alternative enterprises to examine how they balance social objectives with sustainability; and to determine the degree to which the enterprises remain embedded within wider social values. The findings of the research were based within detailed, context-sensitive analysis of the challenges met by the alternative enterprises, the approaches they used to surmount them and the degree to which market pressures forced compromise in the social objectives. The findings provide insights not just to academic commentators but also to social entrepreneurs so they can help build a vision of what is legitimate and possible

Efficacy of Communication Strategies in Augmenting Quality of Life and Participation in Individuals with Aphasia

Use of communication strategies are recommended frequently to individuals with aphasia in order to enhance their communication and societal participation. This study aims to explore the efficacy of communication strategy usage in persons with chronic aphasia and their communicative partners. For this purpose, interviews were conducted with five women and six men with chronic aphasia (N =11) and a qualitative analysis of the same was done. Different factors related to individuals with aphasia, their caregivers and topics of conversation were found to affect the efficacious use of communication strategies. The most important among this was the care givers awareness regarding the need and usage of communication strategies. It was evident from the current research that caregiver training on communication strategies should be an integral goal of aphasia rehabilitation. This will inturn enhance rehabilitation and integration of individuals with aphasia for societal participation

Survey of Different Data Dependence Analysis Techniques

Dependency analysis is a technique to detect dependencies between tasks that prevent these tasks from running in parallel. It is an important aspect of parallel programming tools. Dependency analysis techniques are used to determine how much of the code is parallelizable. Literature shows that number of data dependence test has been proposed for parallelizing loops in case of arrays with linear subscripts, however less work has been done for arrays with nonlinear subscripts. GCD test, Banerjee method, Omega test, I-test dependence decision algorithms are used for one-dimensional arrays under constant or variable bounds. However, these approaches perform well only for nested loop with linear array subscripts. The Quadratic programming (QP) test, polynomial variable interval (PVI) test, Range test are typical techniques for nonlinear subscripts. The paper presents survey of these different data dependence analysis tests

Synthesis and anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities of some novel 2-methylquinazolin-4(3H)-one derivatives bearing urea, thiourea and sulphonamide functionalities

AbstractA variety of novel 2-methylquinazolin-4(3H)-one derivatives (1–29) bearing urea, thiourea and sulphonamide functionalities at position 3 of biological interest have been synthesized and screened for their anti-inflammatory (TNF-α and IL-6) and antimicrobial activities (antibacterial and antifungal). “Biological evaluation study revealed that the compounds 3, 4, 6, 9, 16 and 18 were found to have promising anti-inflammatory activity (up to 62–84% TNF-α and 73–92% IL-6 inhibitory activity) at concentration of 10μM with reference to standard dexamethasone (75% TNF-α and 84% IL-6 inhibitory activities at 1μM) and 7, 10, 12, 23, 25 and 28 have antimicrobial activity at MIC of 10–30μg/mL against selected pathogenic bacteria and fungi.

General Principles, Approaches and Therapeutic Utility of Rasashastra; An Ayurveda Review

Ayurveda mentioned different branches for the management of normal health status and Rasashastra is one of the aspect of Ayurveda mainly deals with use of mineral, metal and Rasayana drugs. The branch Rasashastra involves procedures such as; Sodhana, Maranaand Putta, etc. Initially during development phase this branch mainly dealt with Rasa (mercury) and Rasa Dravyas hence termed as “Rasashastra”. The concept of Rasashastra offers enormous advantages towards the maintenance of normal physical and mental status. The drugs used in Rasashastra provide relief from many health ailments therefore this stream has occupied a unique place amongst the different therapeutic modalities of Ayurveda. Considering these all aspect present article explored general principles, approaches and importance of Rasashastra. Keywords: Ayurveda, Rasashastra, Rasayana, Bhasma

Covering energy of posets and its bounds

summary:The concept of covering energy of a poset is known and its McClelland type bounds are available in the literature. In this paper, we establish formulas for the covering energy of a crown with $2n$ elements and a fence with $n$ elements. A lower bound for the largest eigenvalue of a poset is established. Using this lower bound, we improve the McClelland type bounds for the covering energy for some special classes of posets

Multi-MW Solar PV Pumping System with Capacity Modulation and Battery Voltage Support

Solar photovoltaic (PV) renewable energy systems are undergoing major technological developments and large-scale field deployment and electric grid integration. This paper proposes a method of expanding the capacity of an existing irrigation farm with additional pumps powered by solar PV. The system includes PV arrays and battery energy storage connected to a common dc bus, which energizes an array of variable speed inverter driven pumps. Capacity modulation is achieved by energizing an optimal number of pumps required in order to meet a particular load demand with minimum supply energy. A grid connection to the dc bus of the power electronic system is established via a bidirectional converter, such that active and reactive power demands can be both serviced. The controls and the steady-state and transient performance of the system are implemented and simulated with the PSCAD TM /EMTDC TM software