IRMM HCB and HCBD in Blankvoorn (testmaterial for reference material)

Blankvoorn Nieuwe Merwede (Roach, Rutilus rultilus) has been tested as a reference material for the components HCBD and HCB for biota monitoring according to the Water Framework Directive. Both components in the blankvoorn are present at moderate levels (overall average levels of respectively HCBD 1.6 μg/kg and HCB 6.2 μg/kg). These concentrations are far above reporting limits (respectively 0.1 μg/kg for HCBD and 0.2 μg/kg for HCB) and should therefore be suitable for use in a reference material

Ginzburg-Landau theory of the cluster glass phase

On the basis of a recent field theory for site-disordered spin glasses a Ginzburg-Landau free energy is proposed to describe the low temperatures glassy phase(s) of site-disordered magnets. The prefactors of the cubic and dominant quartic terms change gradually along the transition line in the concentration-temperature phase diagram. Either of them may vanish at certain points $(c_*, T_*)$, where new transition lines originate. The new phases are classifiedComment: 6 pages Revtex, 5 figures. To appear in J. Phys. A. Let

Multiple scattering of classical waves: from microscopy to mesoscopy and diffusion

A tutorial discussion of the propagation of waves in random media is presented. In first approximation the transport of the multiple scattered waves is given by diffusion theory, but important corrections are present. These corrections are calculated with the radiative transfer or Schwarzschild-Milne equation, which describes intensity transport at the ``mesoscopic'' level and is derived from the ``microscopic'' wave equation. A precise treatment of the diffuse intensity is derived which automatically includes the effects of boundary layers. Effects such as the enhanced backscatter cone and imaging of objects in opaque media are also discussed within this framework. In the second part the approach is extended to mesoscopic correlations between multiple scattered intensities which arise when scattering is strong. These correlations arise from the underlying wave character. The derivation of correlation functions and intensity distribution functions is given and experimental data are discussed. Although the focus is on light scattering, the theory is also applicable to micro waves, sound waves and non-interacting electrons.Comment: Review. 86 pages Latex, 32 eps-figures included. To appear in Rev. Mod. Phy

Theory of site-disordered magnets

In realistic spinglasses, such as CuMn, AuFe and EuSrS, magnetic atoms are located at random positions. Their couplings are determined by their relative positions. For such systems a field theory is formulated. In certain limits it reduces to the Hopfield model, the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model, and the Viana-Bray model. The model has a percolation transition, while for RKKY couplings the ``concentration scaling'' T_g proportional to c occurs. Within the Gaussian approximation the Ginzburg-Landau expansion is considered in the clusterglass phase, that is to say, for not too small concentrations. Near special points, the prefactor of the cubic term, or the one of the replica-symmetry- breaking quartic term, may go through zero. Around such points new spin glass phases are found.Comment: 26 pages Revtex, 6 figure

Aanvullend onderzoek Hollandse IJssel paling 2004-2010, vangstjaar 2009. Relatie met verontreinigde waterbodem en zwevend stof

Het monitoren van paling afkomstig van de locatie Gouderak uit de Hollandse IJssel vindt al vanaf 2004, m.u.v. 2005, jaarlijks plaats. Dit jaar (2009) is voor het eerst een aanvulling op dit onderzoek uitgevoerd om meer inzicht te verkrijgen in de relatie tussen waterbodem, zwevend stof en aal. Tevens is dit jaar paling afkomstig van een bovenstroomse referentielocatie Capelle onderzocht om beide locaties te kunnen vergelijken. Trends (2004-2009) van relevante PCB’s en OCP’s in paling afkomstig van de locatie Gouderak worden in dit rapport weergegeven en verkregen gehalten worden getoetst aan milieu- en consumptienorme

Ecotoxicologisch onderzoek Hollandse IJssel paling 2006-2010, vangstjaar 2008

Rijkswaterstaat Zuid-Holland heeft Wageningen IMARES gevraagd de verwerking en chemische analyse van palingen afkomstig uit de Hollandse IJssel in de periode 2006 tot en met 2010 uit te voeren

Ecotoxicologisch onderzoek Hollandse IJssel paling 2004 - 2010, vangstjaar 2010

Het monitoren van paling afkomstig van de locatie Gouderak uit de Hollandse IJssel vindt jaarlijks plaats. Trends (2004-2010) van relevante PCB’s en OCP’s in paling afkomstig van de locatie Gouderak worden in dit rapport weergegeven en verkregen gehalten worden getoetst aan milieu- en consumptienormen

Third Cumulant of the total Transmission of diffuse Waves

The probability distribution of the total transmission is studied for waves multiple scattered from a random, static configuration of scatterers. A theoretical study of the second and third cumulant of this distribution is presented. Within a diagrammatic approach a theory is developed which relates the third cumulant normalized to the average, $\langle \langle T_a^3 \rangle \rangle$, to the normalized second cumulant $\langle \langle T_a^2 \rangle \rangle$. For a broad Gaussian beam profile it is found that $\langle \langle T_a^3 \rangle \rangle= \frac{16}{5} \langle \langle T_a^2 \rangle \rangle^2$. This is in good agreement with data of optical experiments.Comment: 16 pages revtex, 8 separate postscript figure

Resultaten van het Rijkswaterstaat JAMP 2008 monitoringsprogramma van milieukritische stoffen in mosselen

In opdracht van Rijkswaterstaat zijn door Wageningen IMARES werkzaamheden uitgevoerd in het kader van het Joint Assessment and Monitoring Program van de OSPARCOM. De werkzaamheden bestonden uit analyse van milieukritische stoffen in mosselen en zijn dit jaar (2008) volgens protocol uitgevoerd. Ook dit jaar was een gebrek aan grote mosselen. Zowel in de Westerschelde als in de Eems Dollard is de grootste lengteklasse (57-70 mm) in het geheel niet aangetroffen. Voor deze lengteklasse zijn dan ook geen resultaten voor beide locaties vermeld in dit rapport