Antioxidant potential of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) byproducts extracts in raw beef patties during refrigerated storage

The present study was carried out to evaluate the antioxidant potential of artichoke byproducts extract (AE) and butylated hydroxyltoluene (BHT) in raw beef patties during refrigerated storage. Freshly minced beef was assigned to one of the following three treatments: (1) control (no antioxidant) (2) 27.3 mg AE phenolics/100 g meat (optimized by using response surface methodology), (3) 10 mg BHT/100 g meat. Total phenolic content, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity, color values, iron content, primary oxidation products, secondary oxidation products and protein oxidation were evaluated during storage. Results showed that AE is rich sources of phenolic compounds and these compounds showed high efficiency as antioxidant against lipid oxidation during the storage. The AE treatment substantially inhibited (P < 0.05) lipid and protein oxidation in raw beef patties to a much greater extent than BHT treatment. The amount of carbonyls from protein oxidation significantly (P < 0.05) increased during storage, and this increase was significantly higher in the control patties than in their treated counterparts. a* values of refrigerated beef patties decreased with storage. It was concluded that AE have potential to be used as natural antioxidant when compared to BHT in meat products. © 2017, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature

The Effects of Potato Puree and Bread Crumbs on Some Quality Characteristics of Low Fat Meatballs.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of using different amounts of potato puree (PP) (10 or 20%) and 10% bread crumbs (BC) as an extender and also control samples (C) with no added extender on chemical composition, energy values, cooking analyses, colour measurements, water holding capacity (WHC), penetration values, thiobarbituric acid value (TBA) and sensory analyses of meatballs. Meatball samples were cooked in a pre-heated 180℃ electric oven. Uncooked meatballs formulated with 20% PP had the highest moisture content. No significant differences were recorded for protein contents of uncooked samples. The highest cooking yield was found in samples extended with 10% BC. Increasing PP from 10% to 20% increased cooking yield of meatballs. 20% PP increased moisture and fat retention values and water holding capacity of meatballs. Meatballs with 10% BC had the lowest (the hardness in the texture) and meatballs with the 20% PP had the highest (the softness in the texture) penetration values. Formulating meatballs at a level of 20% resulted lower L* values. TBA values of control samples were higher than in PP added samples at the end of the storage period. Flavour scores for meatballs formulated with PP were higher than control and meatballs formulated with BC. Meatballs formulated with 10% PP had similar overall acceptability with meatballs added with 10% BC

Protein oxidation and in vitro digestibility of heat-treated fermented sausages: How do they change with the effect of lipid formulation during processing?

PubMed ID: 31407375In the present work, it was aimed to evaluate the oxidative stress indicators and in vitro digestibility during the processing of heat-treated Turkish sausages (sucuk) manufactured using different lipid formulations. The utilization of olive oil in sausage formulations had considerable impacts on proximate composition, pH, and water activity. The increased olive oil content increased primary lipid oxidation products, whereas it decreased the secondary ones. The use of olive oil increased the total carbonyl content, while it decreased the ?-aminoadipic semialdehyde concentration. In general, pepsin, trypsin, and ?-chymotrypsin activities of the treatments were similar to each other. The heat treatment during the processing significantly increased most of the oxidation markers. Though strong correlations were recorded between specific oxidation markers, no relationship was detected between oxidation parameters and in vitro digestibility. The results indicated that the lipid formulation and processing operations had significant impact on chemical and functional properties of heat-treated fermented sausages, within the complex interrelationships between oxidation mechanisms. Practical applications: The present work pointed out the changes and correlations between specific oxidation markers and in vitro digestibility of heat-treated fermented sausages during the production procedure. Oxidation reactions that occur in both proteins and lipids could have drastic impact on overall quality; for this reason, it is of great importance to provide the data for lightening these impacts regarding the product types and production applications. Since heat-treated muscle foods are widely manufactured to meet industrial needs, the data obtained from this research would contribute to understand the effects of formulation and processing operations in the formation of oxidation products and change in digestibility, thereby to pioneer further research on this topic. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.214?O?181The authors would like to thank The Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK) for funding this study under the project number 214?O?181

A new inverse olive oil emulsion plus carrot powder to replace animal fat in model meat batters

This study entails the usage of an inverse (W/O) emulsion system with olive oil to replace beef fat (BF) in model meat batters with carrot powder (CP) to improve quality. Nine different formulations were prepared by the replacement of 0, 50, and 100% BF with W/O emulsion plus 0, 2, and 4 g/100 g CP. Total fat reduction up to 35% could be obtained in samples having inverse emulsions. Total replacement of BF with inverse emulsions yielded a reduction in saturated fatty acids from 46 to 17.5, while yielding an increase in mono-unsaturated fatty acids from 51.2 to 72.5, as well as an increase in poly-unsaturated fatty acids from 2.2 to 9.7 g/100 g lipid, thus improving the nutritional ratios of lipid composition. Use of inverse emulsion yielded batters with increased lightness, while CP was implicated in increased redness and yellowness. Hardness, gumminess, and chewiness were lower, while cohesiveness was higher in W/O emulsion batters than in control. Oxidative and technological quality could be ensured through the utilization of CP in inverse emulsion samples. The incorporation of inverse emulsions and CP promises to convey healthier oils and natural ingredients, as well as to maintain the quality of emulsified meat systems. © 2020The authors express their appreciation to Ege University Scientific Research Projects Coordination for financial support under the project 13-MÜH-021 . We are grateful to Ege University Planning and Monitoring Coordination of Organizational Development and Directorate of Library and Documentation for their support in editing and proofreading service of this study

The effect of pre-drying methods on physicochemical, textural and sensory characteristics on puff dried Turkey breast meat

2-s2.0-85103644526The effect pre-drying method in terms of freeze (FD), hot air (HD), and microwave drying (MD), moisture content of turkey breast meat (50%, 40%, 30%, w.b.) prior to puff drying and pre-drying conditions following pressure (15, 20, 25 Pa) for FD, air temperature (65, 70, 75 °C) for HD and power (180, 360, 540 W) for MD was evaluated on puff dried turkey breast meat. Samples that dried with different pre-drying and puff drying were examined physically (moisture content, water activity, bulk density and color properties), chemically (salt, fat, protein and TBARS), texturally (crispness, expansion and rehydration ratio, macro and micro structure, mean pore diameter) sensorially (color, puffing degree, hardness, elasticity, crispness, taste, overall impression). The freeze pre-drying method exhibited smaller porous structure and resulted in low moisture content, water activity, bulk density, high expansion and rehydration ratio after puff drying. The hot air pre-dried samples had larger pore diameters and high elasticity because of higher moisture content and water activity values. The mean pore diameter of the microwave pre-dried products did not affect the rehydration and expansion ratio. Generally, the results showed that freeze pre-drying till 50% moisture content at 20 Pa pressure was the most suitable method. © 2021 Elsevier Ltd117 O 954 Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştirma Kurumu, TÜBITAKThis research was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK 117 O 954). The authors are also grateful to P?nar Integrated Meat and Flour Industry Inc. Company for providing turkey breast meat.This research was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey ( TUBITAK 117 O 954 ). The authors are also grateful to Pınar Integrated Meat and Flour Industry Inc., Company for providing turkey breast meat