Chitotriosidase enzyme can be a negative acute phase protein in acute heart failure unlike coronary artery diseases

WOS: 00037710750122

Peripheral blood mononuclear cell microRNAs in coronary artery disease

The accuracy of risk prediction for coronary artery disease can be improved with the use of novel molecular or genetic biomarkers. In this study, we investigated the difference of five selected microRNAs (miR or miRNA) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and controls, assessed by coronary angiography. The study population consisted of 85 subjects, aged between 18 and 75 years and underwent invasive coronary angiography. Subjects with more than 30% stenosis in at least one coronary artery, patients with a history of prior percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary by-pass surgery were allocated to the patient group; whereas the subjects without at least 30% stenosis consisted the control group. Groups were similar in age, presence of hypertension, and smoking status. However, the proportion of males and subjects taking angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers, beta blockers, nitrates, and statins were higher in the patient group. miR-221 and miR-155 were downregulated (P = .02 and .001, respectively), while miR-21 levels were significantly increased (P = .003) in the patient group compared to controls. Changes in miR-145 and miR-126 did not reach statistical significance (P > .05). miRNA- 21, miR-155, and miR-221 were differentially expressed between the patients and controls. miRNAs are promising biomarkers for CAD diagnosis, however, this requires further research with larger groups.C1 [Sanlialp, Musa] Tavas State Hosp, Dept Cardiol, Denizli, Turkey.[Dodurga, Yavuz; Secme, Mucahit] Pamukkale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med Biol & Genet, Denizli, Turkey.[Uludag, Burcu] Dr Suat Seren Chest Hosp, Dept Cardiol, Izmir, Turkey.[Alihanoglu, Yusuf, I] Denizli Cerrahi Hosp, Dept Cardiol, Denizli, Turkey.[Enli, Yasar; Bostanci, Hayrani Eren] Pamukkale Univ, Fac Med, Dept Biochem, Denizli, Turkey.[Sanlialp, Sara Cetin] Servergazi State Hosp, Dept Cardiol, Denizli, Turkey.[Tok, Ozge Ozden] Bahcelievler Mem Hosp, Dept Cardiol, Istanbul, Turkey.[Kaftan, Asuman; Kilic, Ismail Dogu] Pamukkale Univ Hosp, Dept Cardiol, TR-20160 Denizli, Turkey

Chitotriosidase enzyme can be a negative acute phase protein in acuteheart failure unlike coronary artery diseases

Introduction: Heart Failure (HF) is a complex, neurohumoral and inflammatory syndrome. Recent studies show that proinflammatory cytokines contribute heart’s systolic or diastolic dysfunction causing cardiac depression. Chitotriosidase (CHIT), an enzyme released from active macrophages, plays a role in many diseases involving inflammation. Therewithal, it has been observed that CHIT activity in plasma is significantly high in ischemic heart diseases with arterial inflammation. This thesis aims to figure out the role of CHIT in HF and the relationship between other cytokines. Method: 43 Newyork Heart Association (NYHA) class III/IV acute heart failure (AHF) patients who were hospitalized in the coronary intensive care unit (CICU), 48 chronic heart failure (CHF) patients and 45 healthy controls included in the study. All participants’ detailed echocardiography, doppler and tissue doppler measurements were performed and left ventricular ejection fractions (LVEF) were calculated by Simpson method. All participants’ plasma CHIT IL-1����, TNF����, IL-6, Hs-CRP and NT-proBNP levels were determined by ELISA method. Results: The lowest CHIT activity in plasma (527,876±323,04 ng/ml) is detected in AHF patients. It was observed that when LVEF of acute heart failure patients decrease their CHIT activity levels decrease as well. Also a negative correlation (p=0,038 and r=−0,32) occurred between CHIT activity levels and NYHA class levels in AHF patients. Conclusion: CHIT enzyme may play a role as a negative acute phase protein in AHF. Plasma CHIT value of AHF patients decreases when left ventricular systolic dysfunction increases and it is negatively correlated with NYHA values

Peripheral blood mononuclear cell microRNAs in coronary artery disease.

The accuracy of risk prediction for coronary artery disease can be improved with the use of novel molecular or genetic biomarkers. In this study, we investigated the difference of five selected microRNAs (miR or miRNA) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and controls, assessed by coronary angiography. The study population consisted of 85 subjects, aged between 18 and 75 years and underwent invasive coronary angiography. Subjects with more than 30% stenosis in at least one coronary artery, patients with a history of prior percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary by-pass surgery were allocated to the patient group; whereas the subjects without at least 30% stenosis consisted the control group. Groups were similar in age, presence of hypertension, and smoking status. However, the proportion of males and subjects taking angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers, beta blockers, nitrates, and statins were higher in the patient group. miR-221 and miR-155 were downregulated (P = .02 and .001, respectively), while miR-21 levels were significantly increased (P = .003) in the patient group compared to controls. Changes in miR-145 and miR-126 did not reach statistical significance (P > .05). miRNA- 21, miR-155, and miR-221 were differentially expressed between the patients and controls. miRNAs are promising biomarkers for CAD diagnosis, however, this requires further research with larger groups

Limitation of motion and shoulder disabilities in patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices.

The aim of this study is to investigate the presence of limitations in the shoulder range of motion (ROM) or the loss of upper extremity function on the affected side in patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) with respect to the implantation time. Forty-nine patients (30 men and 19 women), mean age 64.84±11.18 years, who had been living with a CIED for less than 3 months were included in the short-term recipient (STR) group and 127 patients (85 men and 42 women), mean age 64.91±14.70 years, and with the device for longer than 3 months were included in the long-term recipients group. Shoulder ROMs were measured using a digital goniometer. The other arm was used as the control. The Constant-Murler Score, Shoulder Pain Disability Index, and Shoulder Disability Questionnaire were used to assess the functional status. Limitations of ROM for flexion, abduction, and internal rotation were found to be significantly lower in the arm on the side of CIED compared with the control arm. Significant differences in shoulder flexion, abduction, and external rotation in STRs were found compared with long-term recipient (P<0.05). However, the functional comparison of groups by the Constant-Murler Score was not significant. A low to moderate amount of shoulder disability measured by Shoulder Pain Disability Index and Shoulder Disability Questionnaire was found in patients with CIEDs, which was more prominent in STRs (P<0.05). Pain, association of CIED with pectoral muscles, a possible subtle ongoing capsular pathology, and avoidance behaviors of patients to minimize the risk of lead dislodgement might be related to restriction of motion and function in the shoulder joint in patients with CIEDs

Limitation of motion and shoulder disabilities in patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices

The aim of this study is to investigate the presence of limitations in the shoulder range of motion (ROM) or the loss of upper extremity function on the affected side in patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) with respect to the implantation time. Forty-nine patients (30 men and 19 women), mean age 64.84 ±11.18 years, who had been living with a CIED for less than 3 months were included in the short-term recipient (STR) group and 127 patients (85 men and 42 women), mean age 64.91± 14.70 years, and with the device for longer than 3 months were included in the long-term recipients group. Shoulder ROMs were measured using a digital goniometer. The other arm was used as the control. The Constant-Murler Score, Shoulder Pain Disability Index, and Shoulder Disability Questionnaire were used to assess the functional status. Limitations of ROM for flexion, abduction, and internal rotation were found to be significantly lower in the arm on the side of CIED compared with the control arm. Significant differences in shoulder flexion, abduction, and external rotation in STRs were found compared with longterm recipient (P<0.05). However, the functional comparison of groups by the Constant-Murler Score was not significant. A low to moderate amount of shoulder disability measured by Shoulder Pain Disability Index and Shoulder Disability Questionnaire was found in patients with CIEDs, which was more prominent in STRs (P<0.05). Pain, association of CIED with pectoral muscles, a possible subtle ongoing capsular pathology, and avoidance behaviors of patients to minimize the risk of lead dislodgement might be related to restriction of motion and function in the shoulder joint in patients with CIEDs. Copyright © 2015 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved

Comparison of direct electrocaloric characterization methods exemplified by 0.92 Pb(Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃-0.08 PbTiO₃ multilayer ceramics

Abstract Electrocaloric device structures have been developed as multilayer ceramics (MLCs) based on fundamental research carried out on PMN-8PT bulk ceramics. Two different MLC structures were prepared with nine layers each and layer thicknesses of 86 μm and 39 μm. The influence of the device design on its properties has been characterized by microstructural, dielectric, ferroelectric, and direct electrocaloric measurement. For direct characterization two different methods, ie temperature reading (thermistor and thermocouple) and heat flow measurement (differential scanning calorimetry), were used. A comparison of results revealed a highly satisfactory agreement between the different methods. This study confirms that MLCs are promising candidates for implementation into energy-efficient electrocaloric cooling systems providing large refrigerant volume and high electrocaloric effect. Due to their micron-sized active layers, they allow for the application of high electric fields under low operation voltages. We measured a maximum electrocaloric temperature change of ΔT = 2.67 K under application/withdrawal of an electric field of ΔE = 16 kV mm⁻¹, which corresponds to operation voltages below 1.5 kV