Mg-rich carbonates mediated by a bacterium isolated from an extreme alkaline lake in Central Spain

Depto. de Mineralogía y PetrologíaFac. de Ciencias GeológicasFALSE(MINECO-FEDERpu

DUACS DT2021 reprocessed altimetry improves sea level retrieval in the coastal band of the European Seas

More than 29 years of altimeter data have been recently reprocessed by the multi satellite Data Unification and Altimeter Combination System (DUACS) and made available under the name of DT2021 processing through the Copernicus Marine Service (CMEMS) and the Copernicus Climate Change (C3S) Service. New standards have been applied and various geophysical correction parameters were updated compared to the previous release in order to improve the product quality. This paper describes the assessment of this new release through the comparison of both all satellites and two satellites products with external in situ tide gauge measurements in the coastal areas of the European Seas. The aim is to quantify the improvements on the previous DT2018 processing version on the retrieval of sea level in the coastal zone. The results confirmed that the new DT2021 processing version better solves the signal in the coastal band. Moreover, the all satellites dataset provided more accurate sea level measurements when comparing with tide gauges respect to the climatic two satellites dataset due to the better performance of the former for the assessment of higher than climatic frequency signals. On the opposite, we found the two satellite dataset the most suitable product for the assessment of long term sea level time series in the coastal zone due to its larger stability to the detriment of the all satellites dataset.</p

Water resources situation at Piracicaba, Capivari and Jundiaí watersheds using a dynamic systems model

Utilizou-se modelo desenvolvido em dinâmica de sistemas, especificamente para as Bacias Hidrográficas dos Rios Piracicaba, Capivari e Jundiaí (BH-PCJ), com cinco simulações para 50 anos de horizonte, como ferramenta para auxiliar na gestão dos recursos hídricos. O modelo estimou as ofertas e demandas de água, e a geração de águas residuárias dos diversos consumidores existentes nas BH-PCJ. Realizou-se simulação utilizando-se das taxas de consumo e de oferta existentes em 2004, e as precipitações com os valores médios constantes. Sob essas premissas, foi encontrado que as demandas de água aumentarão cerca de 76%, que aproximadamente 39% do volume de água disponível terá origem no reúso das águas residuárias, a carga contaminante aumentará em 91%. O Índice de Falkenmark mudará de 1.403 m³ habitante-1 ano-1, em 2004, para 734 m³ hab-1 ano-1 em 2054; e o Índice de Sustentabilidade de 0,44 para 0,20. Foram explorados outros quatro cenários: com fator de mudanças nas precipitações anuais de 90 e 110%; considerando vazão ecológica equivalente a 30% da vazão média diária, e sem nenhuma mudança nas taxas dos outros fatores, somente na vazão ecológica e no consumo domiciliar de água. Todos eles mostraram tendência à futura crise nos recursos hídricos nas BH-PCJ.Using a dynamic systems model specifically developed for Piracicaba, Capivari and Jundiaí River Water Basins (BH-PCJ) as a tool to help to analyze water resources management alternatives for policy makers and decision takers, five simulations for 50 years timeframe were performed. The model estimates water supply and demand, as well as wastewater generation from the consumers at BH-PCJ. A run was performed using mean precipitation value constant, and keeping the actual water supply and demand rates, the business as usual scenario. Under these considerations, it is expected an increment of about ~76% on water demand, that ~39% of available water volume will come from wastewater reuse, and that waste load increases to ~91%. Falkenmark Index will change from 1,403 m³ person-1 year-1 in 2004, to 734 m3 P-1 year-1 by 2054, and the Sustainability Index from 0.44 to 0.20. Another four simulations were performed by affecting the annual precipitation by 90 and 110%; considering an ecological flow equal to 30% of the mean daily flow; and keeping the same rates for all other factors except for ecological flow and household water consumption. All of them showed a tendency to a water crisis in the near future at BH-PCJ.Ministério da Ciência e TecnologiaConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Engenharia da Irrigação (INCT-EI

Evidence for globular cluster collapse after a dwarf-dwarf merger: A potential nuclear star cluster in formation

Direct observational evidence for the creation of nuclear star clusters (NSCs) is needed to support the proposed scenarios for their formation. We analysed the dwarf galaxy UGC 7346, located in the peripheral regions of the Virgo Cluster, to highlight a series of properties that indicate the formation of a NSC caught in its earlier stages. First, we report on remnants of a past interaction in the form of diffuse streams or shells, suggesting a recent merging of two dwarf galaxies with a 1:5 stellar mass ratio. Second, we identify a number of globular cluster (GC) candidates that are broadly compatible in colour with the main component that is both more extended and more massive. Strikingly, we find these GCs candidates to be highly concentrated towards the centre of the galaxy (R$_{GC}$ = 0.41 R$_{e}$). We suggest that the central concentration of the GCs is likely produced by the dynamical friction of this merger. This would make UGC 7346 a unique case of a galaxy caught in the earlier stages of NSC formation. The formation of NSCs due to collapse of GCs by dynamical friction in dwarf mergers would provide a natural explanation of the environmental correlations found for the nucleation fraction for early-type dwarf galaxies, whereby denser environments host galaxies with a higher nucleation fraction.Comment: Matching published version in A&A Letter

Northern Shrimp (Pandalus borealis, Krøyer) from EU-Spain Bottom Trawl Survey 2018 in NAFO Div. 3LNO

The Spanish Institute of Oceanography carried out in 2018 two bottom trawl surveys in the NAFO Regulatory Area in Division 3NO and 3L during the months of June and August respectively. The results on Northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis) are presented and compared with those from previous surveys from the same series. As recent years in 2018the shrimp catch (0.528 kg.) and estimated biomass (2.413 t.) in Divisions 3NO remain between the lowest of the series, confirming the decrease of shrimp importance from 2004. The Northern shrimp catches in 3L Division have declined from 2009, the shrimp catch (1352 kg.) and biomass estimated in 2018 (7807 t.) remain between the lowest values in the historical series

Influencia del entorno donde se habita (rural vs

Introducción El objetivo de este estudio fue valorar la influencia del entorno donde se habita (rural vs urbano) sobre la condición física y parámetros antropométricos en estudiantes de educación primaria. Material y método Se seleccionaron 509 sujetos (290 urbanos y 219 rurales) de entre 8 y 11 años, a los que se les realizó una valoración antropométrica (masa, talla, IMC, ratio cintura/cadera) y de la condición física (fuerza de prensión manual, salto vertical, flexibilidad y fitness cardiorrespiratorio). Resultados Los resultados muestran que la población urbana obtiene valores más bajos en parámetros antropométricos, y la población rural mejores resultados en condición física: fuerza de prensión manual (15,72 ± 4,10 vs 19,78 ± 5,20 kg), flexibilidad (8,38 ± 4,59 vs 17,08 ± 6,24 cm) y fitness cardiorrespiratorio (46,00 ± 4,19 vs 46,79 ± 4,49 ml/kg/min), no existiendo diferencias para el salto vertical. Conclusiones Se pone de manifiesto que el lugar de residencia (rural vs urbano) se debe tener en cuenta a la hora de aplicar programas de intervención para la promoción de la actividad física

Influència de l’entorn on es viu (rural vs urbà) sobre la condició

Introducció L’objectiu d’aquest estudi fou valorar la influència de l’entorn en què es viu (rural vs urbà) en la condició física i els paràmetres antropomètrics d’escolars d’educació primària. Material i mètode Es seleccionaren 509 subjectes (290 urbans i 219 rurals) de 8 a 11 anys, als quals es féu una valoració antropomètrica (massa, talla, IMC, ràtio cintura/maluc) i de la condició física (força de prensió manual, salt vertical, flexibilitat i fitnes cardiorespiratori). Resultats Els resultats mostren que la població urbana obté valors més baixos en els paràmetres antropomètrics i la població rural millors resultats en la condició física: força de prensió manual (15,72 ± 4,10 vs 19,78 ± 5,20 kg), flexibilitat (8,38 ± 4,59 vs 17,08 ± 6,24 cm) i fitnes cardiorespiratori (46,00 ± 4,19 vs 46,79 ± 4,49 ml/kg/min), i no es trobaren diferències en el salt vertical. Conclusions Es posa de manifest que cal tenir en compte el lloc de residència (rural vs urbà) a l’hora d’aplicar programes d’intervenció de promoció de l’activitat física

Effects of immersive and non-immersive virtual reality on the static and dynamic balance of stroke patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis

(1) Background: The development of new technologies means that the use of virtual reality is increasingly being implemented in rehabilitative approaches for adult stroke patients. Objective: To analyze the existing scientific evidence regarding the application of immersive and non-immersive virtual reality in patients following cerebrovascular incidents and their efficacy in achieving dynamic and static balance. (2) Data sources: An electronic search of the databases Medline, Cochrane Library, PEDro, Scopus, and Scielo from January 2010 to December 2020 was carried out using the terms physiotherapy, physical therapy, virtual reality, immersive virtual reality, non-immersive virtual reality, stroke, balance, static balance, and dynamic balance. Selection of studies: Randomized controlled trials in patients older than 18 developed with an adult population (>18 years old) with balance disorders as a consequence of suffering a stroke in the previous six months before therapeutic intervention, including exercises harnessing virtual reality in their interventions and evaluations of balance and published in English or Spanish, were included. A total of two hundred twenty-seven articles were found, ten of which were included for review and of these, nine were included in the subsequent meta-analysis. (3) Data extraction: Two authors selected the studies and extracted their characteristics (participants, interventions, and validation instruments) and results. The methodological quality of the studies was evaluated using the PEDro scale, and the risk of bias was determined using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. Data synthesis: Of the selected studies, three did not show significant improvements and seven showed significant improvements in the intervention groups in relation to the variables. (4) Conclusions: Non-immersive virtual reality combined with conventional rehabilitation could be considered as a therapeutic option. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland