Ultrasmall silicon quantum dots

We report the realization of extremely small single quantum dots in p-type silicon nanowires, defined by Schottky tunnel barriers with Ni and NiSi contacts. Despite their ultrasmall size the NiSi-Si-NiSi nanowire quantum dots readily allow spectroscopy of at least ten consecutive holes, and additionally they display a pronounced excited-state spectrum. The Si channel lengths are visible in scanning electron microscopy images and match the dimensions predicted by a model based on the Poisson equation. The smallest dots ͑Ͻ12 nm͒ allow identification of the last charge and thus the creation of a single-charge quantum dot

Ultrasmall silicon quantum dots

We report the realization of extremely small single quantum dots in p-type silicon nanowires, defined by Schottky tunnel barriers with Ni and NiSi contacts. Despite their ultrasmall size the NiSi-Si-NiSi nanowire quantum dots readily allow spectroscopy of at least ten consecutive holes, and additionally they display a pronounced excited-state spectrum. The Si channel lengths are visible in scanning electron microscopy images and match the dimensions predicted by a model based on the Poisson equation. The smallest dots ͑Ͻ12 nm͒ allow identification of the last charge and thus the creation of a single-charge quantum dot

A Qualitative Evaluation of IoT-driven eHealth: Knowledge Management, Business Models and Opportunities, Deployment and Evolution

eHealth has a major potential, and its adoption may be considered necessary to achieve increased ambulant and remote medical care, increased quality, reduced personnel needs, and reduced costs potential in healthcare. In this paper the authors try to give a reasonable, qualitative evaluation of IoT-driven eHealth from theoretical and practical viewpoints. They look at associated knowledge management issues and contributions of IoT to eHealth, along with requirements, benefits, limitations and entry barriers. Important attention is given to security and privacy issues. Finally, the conditions for business plans and accompanying value chains are realistically analyzed. The resulting implementation issues and required commitments are also discussed based on a case study analysis. The authors confirm that IoT-driven eHealth can happen and will happen; however, much more needs to be addressed to bring it back in sync with medical and general technological developments in an industrial state-of-the-art perspective and to get recognized and get timely the benefits

Blockchain: Transforming your business and our world

© 2019 Mark van Rijmenam and Philippa Ryan. The internet was envisaged as a decentralised global network, but in the past 25 years it has come to be controlled by a few, very powerful, centralised companies. Blockchain is a technological paradigm shift that allows secure, reliable, and direct information transfer across individuals, organisations, and things, so that we can manage, verify, and control the use of our own data. Blockchain also offers a new opportunity for humanity to fix some major problems. It can authenticate data, manage its analysis, and automate its use. With better data comes better decision-making. In this way, Blockchain can contribute to solving climate change, reduce voting fraud, fix our identity systems, improve fair trade, and give the poor an opportunity to improve their lives by monetising their (digital) capital. A world built upon peer-to-peer transactions and smart contracts can empower individuals and communities. This book offers a fresh perspective with which to consider this transformative technology. It describes how Blockchain can optimise the processes that run our society. It provides practical solutions to global problems and offers a roadmap to incorporate Blockchain in your business. It offers a blueprint for a better world. Filled with easy-to-understand examples, this book shows how Blockchain can take over where the internet has fallen short

Revising the ‘science of the organisation’: Theorizing AI agency and actorhood

Artificial intelligence is a central technology underpinning the fourth industrial revolution, driving dramatic changes in contemporary cyber-physical systems and challenging existing ways of theorising organisations and management.  AI agency and the rise of the artificially intelligent agent are both fundamentally different and yet increasingly similar to human agency in terms of intentionality and reflexivity. As ‘Child AI’ emerges—AI that is created by other AI—the early human design and interaction becomes increasingly distant and removed. These developments, while seemingly futuristic, change the human-technology interface through which we organise. In this essay, we explore understandings of AI agency, capability, and governance, and present implications for organisatonal theorising in sociomateriality, actor-network theory, institutional theory and the behavioral theory of the firm. We contribute to a growing and reflexive research agenda that can accommodate and regenerate theorising around this significant technological advancement

A Distributed Future:How Blockchain Affects Strategic Management, Organisation Design & Governance

Blockchain is a new technology that transforms strategic management, organisational design and governance due to its decentralised and distributed characteristics. It is a database technology, a distributed ledger, that records and maintains indefinitely an ever-growing list of data records, which cannot be altered or tampered with. The usage of smart contracts on blockchains, affects strategic management as the process of developing, executing and evaluating decisions will become automated and irreversible. This will result in new, disruptive, organisation design, including that of a Decentralised Autonomous Organisation (DAO). These are organisations that establish governance without managers or employees, run completely by autonomous computer software, where trust among actors is established cryptographically. However, organisations that want to move to the Blockchain face numerous business and technical challenges. In this conceptual paper, we provide an overview of the Blockchain, how it affects strategic management, changes organisational design and requires a new form of corporate governanc

The politics of openness

The concern with openness is well established in organization theory providing a common language for observing, understanding and predicting system behaviours. Beside more conventional views of systems, which favour an objectivised view of relations between organizations and, therefore, recommendations for setting the conditions of their mutual openness, Luhmann’s theoretical framework shows that openness is problematic per se for social systems as organizations. Systems endogenously construct their differentiation from other systems through closure. Any systemic society is based on closure and specific cognitive rules, not on openness and objectivised communication. In the language of systems theory, openness is a lure as a systemic analysis of the fragmentation of power shows. We use Clegg’s (1989) ‘circuits’ approach to a systems theory of power to make connections with Luhmann (1979): there are many points of comparison between them, including the key role of events, the centrality of social constructions and the autopoietic nature of the circuits of power