A cross sectional clinical study on correlation between myopia and intraocular pressure and ocular biometric values among adults in tertiary eye care in Palakkad, Kerala, India

Background: To find out whether there is a correlation between intra ocular pressure and ocular biometric values like corneal curvature, anterior chamber depth, lens thickness and vitreous chamber depth in myopic eyes.Methods: A cross sectional clinical study was conducted in karuna medical college hospital Palakkad Kerala, India from September 2015 to August 2017. 1000 eyes of 500 myopic patients attending the ophthalmology OPD were included in this study. Goldman applanation tonometry was used to measure intra ocular pressure. Bausch and Lomb keratometer was used to measure corneal curvature and Biometer A scan machine was used to measure anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, vitreous chamber depth and axial length.Results: In this study majority of the patients age group was 16-20 years. The overall mean intra ocular pressure was 15mmhg and mean radius of corneal curvature was 44.12D. In this study average anterior chamber depth was 3.55mm and mean lens thickness was 3.56mm.Mean vitreous chamber depth was 18.40. In this study mean axial length was 24.60mm.Conclusions: Amount of myopia and variation in corneal curvature was not statistically significant. There was no correlation between intra ocular pressure and degree of myopia. But anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, vitreous chamber depth and axial length were statistically very significant with amount of myopia

Disjoint Total Dominating Sets in Near-Triangulations

We show that every simple planar near-triangulation with minimum degree at least three contains two disjoint total dominating sets. The class includes all simple planar triangulations other than the triangle. This affirms a conjecture of Goddard and Henning [Thoroughly dispersed colorings, J. Graph Theory, 88 (2018) 174-191]

Spectrophotometric Determination of Mycophenolate Mofetil as Its Charge-Transfer Complexes with Two π-Acceptors

Two simple, selective, and rapid spectrophotometric methods are described for the determination of mycophenolate mofetil (MPM) in pure form and in tablets. Both methods are based on charge-transfer complexation reaction of MPM with p-chloranilic acid (p-CA) or 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (DDQ) in dioxane-acetonitrile medium resulting in coloured product measurable at 520 nm (p-CA) or 580 nm (DDQ). Beer's law is obeyed over the concentration ranges of 40–400 and 12–120 μg mL−1 MPM for p-CA and DDQ, respectively, with correlation coefficients (r) of 0.9995 and 0.9947. The apparent molar absorptivity values are calculated to be 1.06 × 103 and 3.87 × 103 L mol−1 cm−1, respectively, and the corresponding Sandell's sensitivities are 0.4106 and 0.1119 μg cm−1. The limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) are also reported for both methods. The described methods were successfully applied to the determination of MPM in tablets. Statistical comparison of the results with those of the reference method showed excellent agreement. No interference was observed from the common excipients present in tablets. Both methods were validated statistically for accuracy and precision. The accuracy and reliability of the methods were further ascertained by recovery studies via standard addition procedure

A new black mildew fungus <i>Meliola erumeliensis</i> from Idukki, Kerala, India

Reporting a new species of black mildew fungus, Meliola erumeliensis infecting the leaves of Drypetes elata in Kerala State

Drug attitude in adolescents: a key factor for a comprehensive assessment.

Very few studies have evaluated the subjective experience (SE) in children and adolescents treated with antipsychotics. The present study aimed to evaluate the SE of antipsychotics in adolescents diagnosed with different psychiatric conditions and to identify explanatory variables of adolescents' SE and compliance with treatment.The Drug Attitude Inventory (DAI) was used to evaluate SE in 67 adolescents in 2 different countries (Italy and United Kingdom). Compliance was measured using a Likert scale completed by both patients and parents. To evaluate other parameters correlated to the SE, the following scales were administered: Clinical Global Impression Scale, Children's Global Assessment Scale, Extrapyramidal Symptoms Rating Scale, Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale, and EuroQoL (for quality of life). Multiple and logistic regression analyses were applied.No significant difference in drug attitude was found between psychotic and nonpsychotic patients. Our results showed a highly significant association between DAI and compliance (Spearman index, 0.33; P = 0.005); for all other variables, DAI associated significantly only with quality of life (r = 0.25; P = 0.03). The multivariable analysis confirmed the presence of a strong association between compliance and DAI (P = <0.001). In our sample, drug attitude was the only variable found to be correlated with the compliance, whereas extrapyramidal adverse effects showed an only marginally significant association.Our observations provide confirmation, also in adolescents, that drug attitude is strongly correlated with treatment compliance and underline the need in clinical assessments to always consider the patient's viewpoint

Development and validation of stability indicating spectrophotometric methods for determination of oxcarbazepine in pharmaceuticals

Two simple, selective and stability indicating UV-spectrophotometric methods have been developed and validated for assay of oxcarbazepine (OXC) in bulk drug and in its dosage forms. Proposed methods are based on measurement of absorbance of OXC either in methanol (method A) or in acetonitrile (method B) at 254 nm. Calibration graphs are linear over 2-40 mu g ml(-1) in both methods with correlation coefficients (r) 0.9993 (method A) and 0.9999 (method B). Apparent molar absorptivity values were 6.73 x 10(3) (method A) and 6.95 x 10(3) l mol(-1) cm(-1) (method B). This study indicated that OXC was degraded in alkaline medium. Proposed methods were successfully applied to determination of OXC in tablets and results are comparable with reported method

Application of Bromate-Bromide mixture as a green Brominating agent for the Spectrophotometric determination of Atenolol in Pharmaceuticals

Two highly sensitive spectrophotometric methods are proposed for the quantification of atenolol (ATN) in pure drug as well as in pharmaceutical formulations. The methods are based on the bromination reaction of ATN with a known excess of bromate-bromide mixture in acid medium followed by the determination of unreacted bromine. The residual bromine is determined by its reaction with excess iodide and the liberated iodine (l(3)(-)) is either measured at 360 nm (method A) or reacted with starch followed by the measurement of the starch-iodine chromogen at 570 nm (method B). Under the optimum conditions, ATN could be assayed in the concentration ranges of 0.5-90 and 0.3-6.0 mu g mL(-1) for methods A and B, respectively, with corresponding molar absorptivity values of 2.36x10(4) and 289x10(4) L mol(-1) cm(-1). Sandell's sensitivity values are found to be 0.0113 and 0.0092 mu g/cm(2) for methods A and B, respectively. The proposed methods were successfully applied to the analysis of different commercial brands of pharmaceutical formulations and the results obtained by the proposed methods were in good agreement with those obtained using the reference method The reliability of the methods was further ascertained by recovery studies using standard- addition method