Differential Effects of Aerobic Exercise, Resistance Training and Combined Exercise Modalities on Cholesterol and the Lipid Profile:Review, Synthesis and Recommendations

There is a direct relationship between chronically elevated cholesterol levels (dyslipidaemia) and coronary heart disease. A reduction in total cholesterol is considered the gold standard in preventative cardiovascular medicine. Exercise has been shown to have positive impacts on the pathogenesis, symptomatology and physical fitness of individuals with dyslipidaemia, and to reduce cholesterol levels. The optimal mode, frequency, intensity and duration of exercise for improvement of cholesterol levels are, however, yet to be identified. This review assesses the evidence from 13 published investigations and two review articles that have addressed the effects of aerobic exercise, resistance training and combined aerobic and resistance training on cholesterol levels and the lipid profile. The data included in this review confirm the beneficial effects of regular activity on cholesterol levels and describe the impacts of differing volumes and intensities of exercise upon different types of cholesterol. Evidence-based exercise recommendations are presented, aimed at facilitating the prescription and delivery of interventions in order to optimize cholesterol levels

The effects of creatine supplementation on performance and hormonal response in amateur swimmers

Objectifs Le but de cette étude était de déterminer l’influence à court terme d’une supplémentation en créatine sur la performance lors de sprints en natation (50 et 100 m) et sur les réponses hormonales (hormone de croissance, testostérone et le cortisol). Méthodes Vingt nageurs amateurs ont ingéré du monohydrate de créatine (CR) ou un placebo (PL) pendant six jours pendant lesquels ils ont poursuivi leur entraînement de natation. Les performances et les réponses hormonales ont été enregistrées le jour précédent et après cette période de charge orale en créatine. Résultats Le temps de nage moyen du groupe CR sur 50 m était significativement diminué (53,1 ± 3,73 secondes avant charge vs 50,7 ± 2,84 secondes après supplémentation). L’hormone de croissance et le cortisol n’ont pas été affectés par cette charge en créatine. En revanche, la concentration de testostérone était significativement plus élevée dans CR par rapport à PL après la période de supplémentation (p < 0,05). Conclusion Nos résultats suggèrent qu’une supplémentation de courte durée en créatine a amélioré de manière significative la performance lors de sprints sur 50 m chez des nageurs amateurs sans que l’on puisse imputer de manière objective une médiation hormonale.Mots clés Nageurs; Supplémentation en créatine; Hormones anabolisante

Renewable Energy and Power Quality Journal (RE&amp;PQJ) A Practical Method for Optimized Reactive Power Sharing Among Passive Filters

Abstract. This paper presents a practical method for reactive power sharing among harmonics filters. The proposed method minimizes the total harmonic distortion of the current. The current is measured at the incoming bus to which harmonics filters are connected. The total harmonics distortion and individual harmonics of the voltage at the bus to which the harmonic filters are connected and the individual harmonics of the current measured at the mentioned measurement point are used as constraints of optimization. The Optimization Toolbox of MATLAB software is used in this paper. The simulation results show the efficiency and robustness of the proposed method

Risk Analysis of Flare Flame-out Condition in a Gas Process Facility Analyse des risques des conditions d’extinction de torche au sein d’une installation de traitement de gaz

Flaring is a common method of disposal of flammable waste gases in the downstream industries. Flare flame out (flame lift-off or blow-outs) often occurs causing toxic vapors to discharge. The toxic gases released may have hazardous effects on the surrounding environment. To study the effect of inhalation exposure of these toxic gases on human health, the four steps of the EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) framework with the field data to quantify the cancer and non-cancer health risks are integrated in this paper. As a part of exposure assessment, gas dispersion modeling using AERMOD and UDM-PHAST is applied in two different conditions of normal flaring and flare flame out during a particular climate condition in Khangiran region. Recommendations to avoid flare flame out conditions are also presented here. Le torchage est un procédé courant d’élimination des gaz résiduaires inflammables dans les industries de traitement. L’extinction de la torche (par décollage ou soufflage de flamme) provoque souvent une émission de vapeurs toxiques. Ces gaz toxiques libérés peuvent présenter des effets dangereux sur le milieu environnant. Pour étudier l’effet d’une exposition par inhalation de ces gaz toxiques sur la santé, cet article croise les quatre étapes de la démarche de l’EPA (Environmental Protection Agency, Agence de protection de l’environnement) avec les données d’exploitation afin de quantifier le risque sanitaire cancérologique et non cancérologique. Dans le cadre de l’estimation d’exposition, une modélisation de dispersion des gaz utilisant AERMOD et UDM-PHAST est évaluée dans deux configurations différentes de torchage normal et d’extinction de torche à l’occasion de conditions climatiques particulières dans la région du Khangiran. L’article propose également des recommandations destinées à éviter les conditions d’une extinction de flamme de torche

Risk Analysis of Flare Flame-out Condition in a Gas Process Facility

Flaring is a common method of disposal of flammable waste gases in the downstream industries. Flare flame out (flame lift-off or blow-outs) often occurs causing toxic vapors to discharge. The toxic gases released may have hazardous effects on the surrounding environment. To study the effect of inhalation exposure of these toxic gases on human health, the four steps of the EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) framework with the field data to quantify the cancer and non-cancer health risks are integrated in this paper. As a part of exposure assessment, gas dispersion modeling using AERMOD and UDM-PHAST is applied in two different conditions of normal flaring and flare flame out during a particular climate condition in Khangiran region. Recommendations to avoid flare flame out conditions are also presented here

Investigation of Occupational Stress and its Relationship with the Demographic Characteristics of Workers in Ilam, Iran

BACKGROUND: Workers are more susceptible to stress disorder for several reasons. The aim of this study was to investigate occupational stress among workers and other personnel at the ZardjinBaft Workshop in Ilam, Iran, and to examine the relationship between occupational stress and several parameters, such as age, gender, marital status, educational level, work experience, tobacco use, body mass index (BMI), and the type of work. METHOD: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study that was performed in June 2010. The sample population that was studied consisted of all of the workers and other personnel (130 people) at ZardjinBaft Workshop in Ilam, Iran. They were studied using Cooper's standard questionnaire for stress in the work environment, and we examined the relationship between stress, as the dependent variable, and the eight independent variables mentioned in the Abstract. RESULTS: In the sample population that was studied, severe stress was not observed in most of the sections of the workshop. In addition, using the analysis of variance test (ANOVA), no significant relationship was observed between the average degree of stress and the average demographic characteristics. However, the average stress level had significant relationships with the level of education, work experience, and the type of work, suggesting that stress increases as the level of education increases. In addition, in the beginning and early years of employment, medium levels of stress were observed, and the prevalence of stress decreased after the first 10 years of employment. In addition, workers in the ventilation section of the factory had the highest stress levels. The fear of losing their jobs was the main factor that caused stress among the workers at ZardjinBaft Workshop in Ilam. CONCLUSION: We suggest that managers consider the high importance of stress in the work environment. They should be able to recognize when workers are stressed and offer them assistance and training. They also can eliminate the factors that cause stress in the work environment by taking preventive action. In parallel, workers should try to interact well with their managers and talk to her or him about the conditions of their jobs