A Kinetic Study of the Inhibition of Protein Synthesis by Several Antibiotics

The effects of several antibiotics on the initial reaction rates of the polyphenylalanine and polylysine syntheses were measured in cell-free systems from Escherichia coli MRE600, stimulated by polyuridilic and polyadenylic acid, respectively. lVIichaelis-Menten ··type of dependence on the tRNA concentration, and a sigmoidal (possibly cooperative) dependence on the polynucleotide concentration was obtained. Puromycin and chloramphenicol were competitive inhibitors with respect to tRNA, while erythromycin, streptomycin and chlorotetracycline were non-competitive inhibitors. On the other hand, erythromycin was apparently a competitive inhibitor with respect to the synthetic polynucleotide, while other above-mentioned antibiotics showed either uncompetitive, non-competitive or mixed type of inhibition. This kinetic approach enabled the calculation of inhibition constants for the examined antibiotics; they ranged from 2.5 x 10-7 mol dm·3 for erythromycin and streptomycin, to over 1 · 10·4 mol dm-a for puromycin

A Kinetic Study of the Inhibition of Protein Synthesis by Several Antibiotics

The effects of several antibiotics on the initial reaction rates of the polyphenylalanine and polylysine syntheses were measured in cell-free systems from Escherichia coli MRE600, stimulated by polyuridilic and polyadenylic acid, respectively. lVIichaelis-Menten ··type of dependence on the tRNA concentration, and a sigmoidal (possibly cooperative) dependence on the polynucleotide concentration was obtained. Puromycin and chloramphenicol were competitive inhibitors with respect to tRNA, while erythromycin, streptomycin and chlorotetracycline were non-competitive inhibitors. On the other hand, erythromycin was apparently a competitive inhibitor with respect to the synthetic polynucleotide, while other above-mentioned antibiotics showed either uncompetitive, non-competitive or mixed type of inhibition. This kinetic approach enabled the calculation of inhibition constants for the examined antibiotics; they ranged from 2.5 x 10-7 mol dm·3 for erythromycin and streptomycin, to over 1 · 10·4 mol dm-a for puromycin

Scarabidae - prelazni domaćini za macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus

Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus infestation is parasitosis caused by Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus Adult forms parasite in small intestine of swine. Development of parasite is happening through intermediate hosts - coleopteras from Scarabaeidae family (Melolontha vulgaris, Cetonia aurata, Polyphilla fullo, Anomalia vitis etc). Infection begins when swines ingest infected coleopteras. Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus infestation is encountered in swines in extensive breeding, as well as in wild boars.Makrakantorinhoza je parazitoza uzrokovana akantocefalom Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus. Odrasli paraziti parazitiraju u tankim crevima svinja. Razvoj parazita se odvija preko prelaznih domaćina - koleoptera iz familije Scarabidae (Melolontha vulgaris, Cetonia aurata, Polyphilla fullo, Anomalia vitis i dr). Infekcija nastaje kada svinje pojedu zaražene koleoptere. Makrakantorinhoza se sreće kod svinja u ekstenzivnom držanju, kao i kod divqih svinja

Bioetička pitanja u vezi sa sigurnošću lijekova kod vulnerabilnih skupina

U cilju procjene stavova studenata medicine u odnosu na sudjelovanje vulnerabilnih subjekata u kliničkim ispitivanjima, proveli smo studiju presjeka (N = 174, studenti dodiplomskih studija Medicinskog fakulteta, Univerziteta u Beogradu). Studija presjeka provedena je tijekom jednog dana, na slučajno odabranim uzorcima studenata 3. godine (95/493 studenata) i 6. godine (79/510 studenata). Ukupno je odgovoreno na 83 % postavljenih pitanja. Rezultati studije pokazali su da studenti našeg fakulteta uglavnom nisu voljni sudjelovati kao dobrovoljci u kliničkim ispitivanjima, niti raditi u nehigijenskim romskim naseljima. Studenti su naglasili važnost dobivanja pristanka i djeteta i roditelja za sudjelovanje u kliničkom ispitivanju. Kada su u pitanju ispitivanja novih lijekova na populaciji starijih dementnih bolesnika, većina ispitanika smatra da informirani pristanak treba biti sličan pristanku za bilo koju drugu populaciju. U zaključku, tekući medicinski kurikulum treba biti više usmjeren na procjenu sigurnosti lijekova u vulnerabilnim skupinama. Posebno je potrebno unaprijediti rad s pripadnicima marginaliziranih skupina (npr. dodatna edukacija, posjeti nehigijenskim romskim naseljima i zajednički projekti)

Identity Provider Deployment Based on Container Technology

Identity Providers are an integral part of Identity Federations. Many different and complex technologies are needed to create an Identity Provider. In order to be able to fully utilize all the benefits of Identity Federations, adequate hardware resources are needed for Identity Provider deployment. Containers address the complexity and resources issues, while enabling faster deployment and keeping the functionalities and core concepts intact at the same time. Containers cannot be perceived as a replacement for virtual machines or bare metal servers, as they are meant to co-exist and have already found a wide range of use cases. This paper proposes using containers for easier implementation of Identity Providers, while lowering resource usage and complexity imposed by deployment requirements

Upper limits for a narrow resonance in the reaction p + p -> K^+ + (Lambda p)

The reaction pp -> K^+ + (Lambda p) has been measured at T_p = 1.953 GeV and \Theta = 0 deg with a high missing mass resolution in order to study the Lambda p final state interaction. Narrow S = -1 resonances predicted by bag model calculations are not visible in the missing mass spectrum. Small structures observed in a previous experiment are not confirmed. Upper limits for the production cross section of a narrow resonance are deduced for missing masses between 2058 and 2105 MeV/c^2.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figure

Seasonal and inter-seasonal RSV activity in the European Region during the COVID-19 pandemic from autumn 2020 to summer 2022

Background The emergence of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in early 2020 and subsequent implementation of public health and social measures (PHSM) disrupted the epidemiology of respiratory viruses. This work describes the epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) observed during two winter seasons (weeks 40–20) and inter-seasonal periods (weeks 21–39) during the pandemic between October 2020 and September 2022. Methods Using data submitted to The European Surveillance System (TESSy) by countries or territories in the World Health Organization (WHO) European Region between weeks 40/2020 and 39/2022, we aggregated country-specific weekly RSV counts of sentinel, non-sentinel and Severe Acute Respiratory Infection (SARI) surveillance specimens and calculated percentage positivity. Results for both 2020/21 and 2021/22 seasons and inter-seasons were compared with pre-pandemic 2016/17 to 2019/20 seasons and inter-seasons. Results Although more specimens were tested than in pre-COVID-19 pandemic seasons, very few RSV detections were reported during the 2020/21 season in all surveillance systems. During the 2021 inter-season, a gradual increase in detections was observed in all systems. In 2021/22, all systems saw early peaks of RSV infection, and during the 2022 inter-seasonal period, patterns of detections were closer to those seen before the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion RSV surveillance continued throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, with an initial reduction in transmission, followed by very high and out-of-season RSV circulation (summer 2021) and then an early start of the 2021/22 season. As of the 2022/23 season, RSV circulation had not yet normalised

Detailed comparison of the pp -> \pi^+pn and pp -> \pi^+d reactions at 951 MeV

The positively charged pions produced in proton-proton collisions at a beam momentum of 1640 MeV/c were measured in the forward direction with a high resolution magnetic spectrograph. The missing mass distribution shows the bound state (deuteron) clearly separated from the $pn$ continuum. Despite the very good resolution, there is no evidence for any significant production of the $pn$ system in the spin-singlet state. However, the $\sigma(pp\to \pi^+pn)/\sigma(pp\to \pi^+d)$ cross section ratio is about twice as large as that predicted from $S$-wave final-state-interaction theory and it is suggested that this is due to $D$-state effects in the $pn$ system.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figure

Security of wireless keyboards: Threats, vulnerabilities and countermeasures

Introduction/purpose: This paper provides an overview of research on computer system vulnerabilities caused by compromised electromagnetic radiation by wireless keyboards. Wireless devices that use event-triggered communication have been shown to have critical privacy issues due to the inherent leakage associated with radio frequency emissions. Wireless connectivity technology is a source of signal emanation that must be protected in terms of performance and security. Methods: Wireless device vulnerabilities and side-channel attacks are observed, along with electromagnetic emission of radio waves. Results: The findings highlight a specific wireless keyboard's security and encryption flaws. The results of penetration testing reveal vulnerabilities of targeted wireless keyboards in terms of outdated firmware, encryption, wireless reliability, and connection strength. Conclusion: Wireless keyboards have security flaws that disrupt radio communication, giving a malicious user complete access to the computer to which the keyboard is connected. An attacker can steal sensitive data by observing how the system works using compromised electromagnetic emissions