Constraining the gluon PDF at large x with LHC data

The NNPDF collaboration has recently presented NNPDF3.1, a new determination of the parton distribution functions (PDFs) of the proton including a number of new data, some of which are particularly sensitive to the gluon PDF at large x. In this contribution, we present the results of two new analyses based on NNPDF3.1. First, we study the impact of the ATLAS 2011 7 TeV inclusive jet data on the gluon PDF including different rapidity bins. Second, we quantitatively compare the constraints provided by all measurements sensitive to the large-x gluon PDF, namely inclusive jet cross sections, the transverse momentum distributions of the Z-boson and top-pair rapidity distributions

^{63}Cu, ^{35}Cl, and ^{1}H NMR in the S=1/2 Kagom\'e Lattice ZnCu_{3}(OH)_{6}Cl_{2}

ZnCu$_{3}$(OH)$_{6}$Cl$_{2}$ ($S=1/2$) is a promising new candidate for an ideal Kagom\'e Heisenberg antiferromagnet, because there is no magnetic phase transition down to $\sim$50 mK. We investigated its local magnetic and lattice environments with NMR techniques. We demonstrate that the intrinsic local spin susceptibility {\it decreases} toward T=0, but that slow freezing of the lattice near $\sim$50 K, presumably associated with OH bonds, contributes to a large increase of local spin susceptibility and its distribution. Spin dynamics near T=0 obey a power-law behavior in high magnetic fields.Comment: Phys. Rev. Lett. (in press

Interplay of charge, spin and lattice degrees of freedom on the spectral properties of the one-dimensional Hubbard-Holstein model

We calculate the spectral function of the one dimensional Hubbard-Holstein model using the time dependent Density Matrix Renormalization Group (tDMRG), focusing on the regime of large local Coulomb repulsion, and away from electronic half-filling. We argue that, from weak to intermediate electron-phonon coupling, phonons interact only with the electronic charge, and not with the spin degrees of freedom. For strong electron-phonon interaction, spinon and holon bands are not discernible anymore and the system is well described by a spinless polaronic liquid. In this regime, we observe multiple peaks in the spectrum with an energy separation corresponding to the energy of the lattice vibrations (i.e., phonons). We support the numerical results by introducing a well controlled analytical approach based on Ogata-Shiba's factorized wave-function, showing that the spectrum can be understood as a convolution of three contributions, originating from charge, spin, and lattice sectors. We recognize and interpret these signatures in the spectral properties and discuss the experimental implications.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figure

Restoring Lost Anti-HER-2 Th1 Immunity in Breast Cancer: A Crucial Role for Th1 Cytokines in Therapy and Prevention

The ErbB/B2 (HER-2/neu) oncogene family plays a critical role in the development and metastatic spread of several tumor types including breast, ovarian and gastric cancer. In breast cancer, HER-2/neu is expressed in early disease development in a large percentage of DCIS lesions and its expression is associated with an increased risk of invasion and recurrence. Targeting HER-2 with antibodies such as trastuzumab or pertuzumab has improved survival, but patients with more extensive disease may develop resistance to therapy. Interestingly, response to HER-2 targeted therapies correlates with presence of immune response genes in the breast. Th1 cell production of the cytokines interferon gamma (IFNγ) and TNFα can enhance MHC class I expression, PD-L1 expression, augment apoptosis and tumor senescence, and enhances growth inhibition of many anti-breast cancer agents, including anti-estrogens and HER-2 targeted therapies. Recently, we have identified that a loss of anti-HER-2 CD4 Th1 in peripheral blood occurs during breast tumorigenesis and is dramatically diminished, even in Stage I breast cancers. The loss of anti-HER-2 Th1 response is specific and not readily reversed by standard therapies. In fact, this loss of anti-HER-2 Th1 response in peripheral blood correlates with lack of complete response to neoadjuvant therapy and diminished disease-free survival. This defect can be restored with HER-2 vaccinations in both DCIS and IBC. Correcting the anti-HER-2 Th1 response may have significant impact in improving response to HER-2 targeted therapies. Development of immune monitoring systems for anti-HER-2 Th1 to identify patients at risk for recurrence could be critical to improving outcomes, since the anti-HER-2 Th1 response can be restored by vaccination. Correction of the cellular immune response against HER-2 may prevent recurrence in high-risk patients with DCIS and IBC at risk of developing new or recurrent breast cancer.Fil: Nocera, Nadia F.. University of Pennsylvania; Estados UnidosFil: Lee, M. Catherine. H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center; Estados UnidosFil: De La Cruz, Lucy M.. University of Pennsylvania; Estados UnidosFil: Rosemblit, Cinthia. University of Pennsylvania; Estados UnidosFil: Czerniecki, Brian J.. H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center; Estados Unido

Causal effects of the Fed's large-scale asset purchases on firms' capital structure

We investigate the short- and long-term impacts of the Federal Reserve's large-scale asset purchases (LSAPs) on non-financial firms' capital structure using a threshold panel ARDL model. To isolate the effects of LSAPs from other macroeconomic conditions, we interact firm- and industry-specific indicators of debt capacity with measures of LSAPs. We find that LSAPs facilitated firms' access to external financing, with both Treasury and MBS purchases having positive effects. Our model also allows us to estimate the time profile of the effects of LSAPs on firm leverage providing robust evidence that they are long-lasting. These effects have a half-life of 4-5 quarters and a mean lag length of about six quarters. Nevertheless, the magnitudes are small, suggesting that LSAPs have contributed only marginally to the rise in U.S. corporate debt ratios of the past decade

Group actions and monotone metric tensors: The qubit case

In recent works, a link between group actions and information metrics on the space of faithful quantum states has been highlighted in particular cases. In this contribution, we give a complete discussion of this instance for the particular case of the qubit

TMDlib and TMDplotter: library and plotting tools for transverse-momentum-dependent parton distributions

Transverse-momentum-dependent distributions (TMDs) are central in high-energy physics from both theoretical and phenomenological points of view. In this manual we introduce the library, TMDlib, of fits and parameterisations for transverse-momentum-dependent parton distribution functions (TMD PDFs) and fragmentation functions (TMD FFs) together with an online plotting tool, TMDplotter. We provide a description of the program components and of the different physical frameworks the user can access via the available parameterisations.Comment: version 2, referring to TMDlib 1.0.2 - comments and references adde

Controle Local na era de responsabilidades: Um caso de estudo de pré-escola infantil (preK) em Wisconsin

The opposing principles of local control and increased standardization are a prominent tension in the United States’ education system. Since at least the early 1990s, this tension has taken shape around the accountability movement, defined by educational reforms that hold schools, teachers, and students accountable for performance on new standards, assessments, and curricula. While many scholars have examined the manifestations of the current accountability movement, few have looked at this phenomenon within the growing public preK movement. Drawing from interviews with state policymakers and district-level actors, this paper describes how the seemingly contradictory principles of local control and increased state and national standards (what we refer to simply as standardization) are shaping the policy and practice of Wisconsin’s preK system, known as 4K. We argue that rational models of policy making fail to explain the coexistence and blending of the strands of local control and standardization we found in our data, and suggest that Deborah Stone’s (2001) policy paradox provides a better theoretical framework for our findings.Los principios opuestos al control local y el aumentado de exámenes estandarizados han causado bastante tensión en el sistema de educación en los Estados Unidos. Desde el inicio del 1990, esta tensión ha tomado forma alrededor del movimiento de responsabilidad, que se distingue por las reformas educativas que tratan de asumir la responsabilidad a las escuelas, los profesores y estudiantes sobre las nuevas normas, evaluaciones y planes de estudio. Mientras muchos han examinado las manifestaciones del movimiento de la responsabilidad actual, pocos han observado este fenómeno que va creciendo dentro del movimiento preescolar (preK). Usando entrevistas con diseñadores de políticas de estado y autores a nivel del distrito, en este artículo se describe cómo aparentemente se contradicen los principios de control local y se aumentan las pólices estándares, nacionales y estatales (las que nos referimos simplemente como la estandarización) son mol-da la política y la práctica del sistema de pre-escolar (preK) de Wisconsin, conocido como "4K". Nuestro argumento es que los modelos racionales de la formulación de políticas fallan al explicar la convivencia y la mezcla de aspectos de control local y la paradoja política que encontramos en nuestros datos, sugieren que la política de Deborah Stone (2011) proporciona una mejor estructura teórico para nuestras recomendaciones.Os princípios opostos de controle local e o aumento na padronização são uma tensão proeminente no sistema de ensino dos Estados Unidos. Pelo menos desde o início dos anos 1990, essa tensão tem tomado forma em torno do movimento de responsabilidade, definido por reformas educacionais que sustentam escolas, professores, e estudantes responsáveis pelo desempenho de novos padrões, avaliações e currículos. Enquanto muitos estudiosos têm examinado as manifestações do atual movimento de responsabilização, poucos têm olhado para esse fenômeno dentro do crescimento público do movimento pré-escolar infantil (preK). Tomando de entrevistas com formuladores de políticas estatais e autores de nível distrital, este artigo descreve como princípios aparentemente contraditórios de controle local e o aumento de padrões nacionais e estatais (o que nos referimos simplesmente como padronização) estão moldando a política e a prática do sistema de pré-escola infantil (preK) de Wisconsin, conhecido como “4K”. Defendemos que os modelos racionais de formulação de políticas falham em explicar a coexistência e mistura dos fios de controle local e padronização que encontramos em nossos dados, e sugerem que o paradoxo da política de Deborah Stone (2011) proporciona uma melhor estrutura teórica para as nossas descobertas