A silicon imaging calorimeter prototype for antimatter search in space: experimental results

Abstract This report presents the results obtained with a prototype silicon-tungsten (Si-W) electromagnetic calorimeter, conceived as a fine-grained imaging device to carry out studies of the antimatter component in primary cosmic radiation. The calorimeter prototype contains 20 x , y sampling layers interleaved with 19 showering material planes. One sensitive layer is obtained with two silicon strip detectors (Si-D) (60 × 60) mm 2 , each divided into 16 strips, 3.6 mm wide; the two detectors are assembled back to back with perpendicular strips. This allows the transverse distributions of the shower in both coordinates at each sampling (0.5 X 0 ) to be pictured. The basic characteristics of the design and the experimental results obtained on a test beam at the CERN proton synchrotron (PS) for electrons and pions are reported. The main results presented are the response of the calorimeter to the electron at various energies (1–7 GeV), and the transverse shower profiles at different calorimeter depths as well as the patterns of the electromagnetic shower and those of the interacting and non-interacting pions. The capability of the calorimeter in measuring the direction of the incoming electromagnetic particle from the pattern of the shower has been evaluated at different energies. These results are encouraging in view of the possible use of this detector to search for high-energy γ sources in space

Silicon calorimeter for cosmic antimatter search

Abstract The silicon sampling calorimeter presented is conceived as a fine grained imaging device to carry out studies of the anti-matter component in the primary cosmic radiation; it will be used in balloon payload program starting in 1993. The first sampling layer (48×48 cm2) of this silicon calorimeter has been completed and successfully tested. We report the first results form studies performed at the CERN PS t7 beam. The complete calorimeter contains 20 xy sampling layers (strip pitch 3.6 mm) interleaved with 19 showering material planes (tungsten 0.5 X0). This allows to picture the transverse distributions of the shower in both coordinates at each sampling. The outstanding imaging capabilities reflects in high particle identification power. Preliminary results from beam tests performed with antiprotons at 3.5 GeV on a tower prototype of the calorimeter are reported

Digital transformation of the Pharmaceutical Industry: A future research agenda for management studies

Despite the widespread attention given to Digital Transformation (DT), there is a notable lack of comprehensive knowledge concerning its implications within the Pharmaceutical Industry (PI), particularly from a Management Studies perspective. This research employs a Systematic Literature Review approach, utilizing an initial review of 404 articles (which resulted in the identification of 35 relevant papers) to propose a comprehensive Future Research Agenda focusing on key technologies driving PI-DT and addressing the major gaps in current literature. Specifically, four primary research directions are delineated in the areas of (I) Operations Management, (II) Strategic Management, (III) Organization's Theory, and (IV) Stakeholder's Theory. In conclusion, the Literature Review addresses the underdeveloped field of PI-DT in Management Studies, offering the theoretical foundation for further scholarly inquiry and knowledge development in this field

Performance of a time-of-flight silicon strip telescope in the temperature range 20°C to -55°C

A cold silicon strip telescope for time-of-flight determination at −55°C has been tested using a hadron beam at Saturne II. Saclay. We present performance tests of the telescope, the time-of-flight distributions between pairs of silicon hodoscopes and their dependence on temperature. A detailed description of the apparatus, the refrigerator system and the calibration procedures is also reported. A linear relationships between the time resolution and the temperature of the apparatus is measured. An improvement of a factor 2 in the time-of-flight resolution is observed when the temperature decreases from +20°C to −55°

Charged pion albedo induced by cosmic antiproton interactions with lunar surface

Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR). Biblioteca Centrale / CNR - Consiglio Nazionale delle RichercheSIGLEITItal

Fast preamplifier for time-of-flight silicon strip detectors operating in the temperature range from 20°C to -55°C

A fast preamplifier for time-of-flight measurements has been constructed and operated at low temperature (−55°C). The design criteria and performance tests are presented. The measured rise time with a silicon strip detector with a capacitance of 15 pF is 3.2 ns. This preamplifier is employed in a cold silicon strip time-of-flight apparatus which has a time resolution of 120±6 ps at −55°C for minimum ionizing particles of unitary charge

Cold silicon detectors for time-of-flight measurements

The advantages of using cold silicon detectors and cold electronic readout for time-of-flight measurements are presented. We show how the operation of silicon strip detectors and associated electronic readout at low temperature (−55°C) allows the reduction of several noise components with respect to the operation at room temperature. Measurements are reported for single silicon strip detectors displaying the compression of the rise time of charge pulse at low temperature. A noise reduction with temperature of a cold silicon detector was also measured in a testing device operated at −20°C. The measured width of the energy loss distribution of90Sr electrons traversing 300 μm silicon detector thickness improves by 10% for temperature variations from +20°C to −20°C