Haematological and Biochemical Studies of Helminth Infected Goats in South Kashmir

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Open Access Open Access Detection of Sudan Dyes in Red Chilli Powder by Thin Layer Chromatography

Abstract Sudan I, II, III & IV are suspected genotoxic carcinogens and reports have shown the adulteration of chilli and chilli containing products with these azo dyes in recent past. In this study, a Simple Thin Layer Chromatographic method is described for the qualitative detection of Sudan-III & IV in Red chilli powder. The study includes extraction of sample, preparation of Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) plates and Separation cum detection of dyes on TLC plates. The dyes were extracted with solvent Acetonitrile. Sample extracts were filtered and analyzed by simple thin layer chromatography in benzene, hexane and acetic acid solvent system. The chromatograms of sample, standard and spiked samples were evaluated in term of R f and relative R f values. The relative R f values of four samples analysed, relative to the two standards of Sudan (III-S 2 and IV S 1 ) were less than one (P 1 -0.13,0.25; P 2 -0.1 9,0.35; P 3 -0.30,0.35; P 4 -0.15,0.26 and P 5 -0.20,0.38), confirming the absence of Sudan III and IV in these samples. The efficiency of the method was checked by internal standard method, in which pure sample was spiked by known weight of standard dye. The relative R f values of spiked sample was almost equal to one (b 1 -0.93, b 2 -0.80). Limit of detection (5 mg/kg) was calculated on the basis of visual evaluation of spots (i.e. spot visible or not at given concentration of standard dye) under normal light without any derivetization. The chilli samples analysed though varied in color intensity, but none of them was found to contain Sudan III or IV

Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of postdischarge patients with COVID-19 in Tehran, Iran: Protocol for a prospective cohort study (Tele-COVID-19 study)

Background: COVID-19 was declared a pandemic on March 11, 2020. Given that the severe shortage of hospital beds has led to early discharge and insufficient patient education on home care routines and isolation protocols, the close follow-up of patients and their immediate relatives is an integral part of transitioning from hospital care to home care for patients with COVID-19. Objective: We designed the Tele-COVID-19 prospective cohort to follow-up with COVID-19 patients in Tehran, Iran, and improve health care delivery and the recording of postdischarge patients� clinical profiles. Methods: All adult patients who were admitted to the COVID-19 wards of teaching hospitals in Tehran, Iran were eligible to participate in this cohort study. At baseline, patients were recruited from 4 major hospitals from March 9, 2020 to May 20, 2020. Telephone follow-ups, which were led by volunteer medical students, were conducted on postdischarge days 1-3, 5, 7, 10, and 14. We collected data on a range of sociodemographic, epidemiological, and clinical characteristics by using a standard questionnaire. Results: Of the 950 patients with confirmed COVID-19 who were approached, 823 (response rate: 86.6) consented and were enrolled into the cohort. Of the 823 participants, 449 (54.5) were male. The mean age of participants was 50.1 years (SD 12.6 years). During the initial data collection phase, more than 5000 phone calls were made and over 577 reports of critical patients who were in need of urgent medical attention were recorded. Conclusions: The Tele-COVID-19 cohort will provide patients with sufficient education on home care and isolation, and medical advice on care and the proper use of drugs. In addition, by preventing unnecessary hospital returns and providing information on household SARS-CoV-2 transmission as early as possible, this cohort will help with effective disease management in resource-limited settings. © Laya Jalilian Khave, Mohammad Vahidi, Dorsa Shirini, Ghazal Sanadgol, Farzad Ashrafi, Mehran Arab-Ahmadi, Alireza Fatemi, Minoosh Shabani Barzegar, Taha Hassanzadeh, Behandokht Rezaei, Alireza Zali, Davood Ommi, Shabnam Nohesara, Reza Jalili Khoshnood, Saeed Abdi, Ali Pirsalehi, Ehsan Masarat, Mostafa Shokoohi, Mohammad Karamouzian