Variation of Milk Yield and Milk Composition of Pivska Pramenka Sheep Breed Through Lactation

The aim of this paper is to present the research results on the milk traits and variation of milk composition during lactation of Pivska pramenka breed, as one of the most important autochthonous sheep breeds in Montenegro. Investigation was conducted on the family sheep farm located in the municipality of Žabljak, a typical rearing area of Pivska pramenka breed. The following milk traits were studied: length of lactation, milk yield (daily milk yield – DMY and total milk yield - TMY) and milk composition (Fat, Protein, Lactose, Solid non-fat - SNF and Somatic cells count - SCC). Based on the data of 68 completed lactations, average length of lactation was 178.5 days and average milk yield 94.1 kg. On the basis of 289 milk samples analysed in 5 consecutive milk recordings, average daily milk yield was 0.549 litres, with 5.71% of fat, 5.75% of protein, 4.47% of lactose, 11.04 % of solid non-fat and 600x103 SCC on average. Differences in averages for milk composition among test days (days of milk recording) during lactation were significant (P0.01). The largest variation was for milk fat, from 2.95% in the first control to 9.42% in the fifth control, while variation of protein was between 4.5% in the first and 7.4 in the fifth control. The content of lactose exposed decreasing trend during lactation (from 4.7% in first to 3.1% in fifth control)

Imaging the charge transport in arrays of CdSe nanocrystals

A novel method to image charge is used to measure the diffusion coefficient of electrons in films of CdSe nanocrystals at room temperature. This method makes possible the study of charge transport in films exhibiting high resistances or very small diffusion coefficients.Comment: 4 pages, 4 jpg figure

Insecticidal Activity of Sage (Salvia Officinalis) Essential Oil to Varroa Destructor (Acari: Varroidae) and Apis Mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

The need to find alternative systems of the fight against Varroa mite without application of chemicals and provide healthy bee products resulted in investigation of application of different plant essences to arthropod control. In order to perceive the sage essential oil (Salvia officinalis) bioactivity, contact residual toxicity of mites and bees was examined in the laboratory conditions. The chemical composition of essential oil was determined by standard GC and GC/MS methods. Different doses of the sage essential oil dissolved in acetone (0.1–10 μl/Petri dish) were applied in Petri dishes and left to dry for 20 minute at a room temperature. Following this period of time, ten honey bees and five adult female mites were added in each Petri dish and they were all maintained in controlled conditions (T = 30°C, Relative humidity = 60%). Survival of examined honey bees and Varroa mites was recorded two times, after 24 h and 48 h. The most prominent toxic effect on the examined Varroa mites was observed after 24 h and 48 h, with application of 10 μl of sage oil (the average values for dead mite individuals were 3.25 and 3.50, respectively). Recorded biological activities of the oil tested in different doses on both honey bee and Varroa mite revealed opportunity to proceed with further investigation by selecting the most appropriate variants and combinations of the most prominent individual components of the examined sage oil

Heart rate and lactate responses to taekwondo fight in elite women performers

The purpose of this study was to examine heart rate (HR) and blood lactate (LA) concentration before, during and after a competitive Tae kwon do (TKD) fight performed by elite women performers. Specifically, we were interested to see weather HR and LA responses to competitive fight were greater than to TKD or karate exercises published in scientific literature. Seven international-standard women TKD fighters participated in the study. HR was recorded continuously throughout the fight using Polar Vantage telemetric HR monitors. LA samples were taken before and 3 min after the fight and analysed using an Accusport portable lactate analyzer. At the beginning of the fight, HR significantly increased (p<0.01) from pre-fight values of 91.6±9.9 beats min-1 to 144.1±13.6 beats min-1. During the whole fight the HRmean was 186.6±2.5 beats min-1 and remained significantly elevated (p<0.01) at 3 min into recovery. HR values expressed as a percentage of HRmax averaged during the whole fight at 91.7±2.6% respectively. LA concentration significantly increased (p<0.01) 3 min after the fight and averaged 82% of LApeak values measured after the VO2max test. Results of the present study indicate that physiological demands of competitive TKD fight in women, measured by HR and LA responses, are considerably higher than the physiological demands of TKD or karate training exercises. The observed HR and LA responses suggest to us that conditioning for TKD should generally emphasise high-intensity anaerobic exercise

The time and frequency comparisons via Loran-C and National TV Network in Yugoslavia

Time comparisons were made between cesium clocks in Yugoslavia and other cesium clocks in the country by the Laboratory of Federal Bureau of Measures and Precious Metals. Regional standard frequency and time signals dissemination is over National TV network by so called active TV system. International comparisons are performed via Loran-C system and by clock transportation. The method of calculation and approximation of the time signal propagation delays is given. Settled comparison results of the cesium clocks via TV network, Loran-C, and by clock transportation are also discussed in this paper

The Buck Stops Here: The Importance of ROI and How to Demonstrate Value in a Corporate Library Setting

With the economic downturn, libraries need to show a return on investment on each dollar they receive, especially within the collection development budget. Library\u27s collection development decisions for e-journal and e-book purchases need to be based on detailed analytics, for example, review of usage statistics reports and cost-per-use calculations. The process of gathering statistics from dozens of supplier platforms and then creating custom cost-per-use reports is manual and time consuming. Additionally, in corporate library settings, ad-hoc reporting, historical trending bears significance. At the end of 2010, the Library acquired a product to be implemented in 2011. The benefit of the new product was that it could gather stats automatically. Additionally, the Library staff did its own customization and imported historical data for creating trending reports for budget analysis and uploaded cost and usage data for e-books. The presenters will discuss the importance of libraries showing ROI and how the library creatively put together a product they needed in order to prove its value to its financial and upper-management teams. The presenters would also like to open a discussion of how other libraries are showing their return on investment. Please note: While Ms. Markovic was not able to attend the conference her analytical results were instrumental to the outcome of the study