Fault Injection and Monitoring Capability for a Fault-Tolerant Distributed Computation System

The Configurable Fault-Injection and Monitoring System (CFIMS) is intended for the experimental characterization of effects caused by a variety of adverse conditions on a distributed computation system running flight control applications. A product of research collaboration between NASA Langley Research Center and Old Dominion University, the CFIMS is the main research tool for generating actual fault response data with which to develop and validate analytical performance models and design methodologies for the mitigation of fault effects in distributed flight control systems. Rather than a fixed design solution, the CFIMS is a flexible system that enables the systematic exploration of the problem space and can be adapted to meet the evolving needs of the research. The CFIMS has the capabilities of system-under-test (SUT) functional stimulus generation, fault injection and state monitoring, all of which are supported by a configuration capability for setting up the system as desired for a particular experiment. This report summarizes the work accomplished so far in the development of the CFIMS concept and documents the first design realization

Modelling six sustainable development transformations in Australia and their accelerators, impediments, enablers, and interlinkages

There is an urgent need to accelerate progress on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and recent research has identified six critical transformations. It is important to demonstrate how these transformations could be practically accelerated in a national context and what their combined effects would be. Here we bridge national systems modelling with transformation storylines to provide an analysis of a Six Transformations Pathway for Australia. We explore important policies to accelerate progress, synergies and trade-offs, and conditions that determine policy success. We find that implementing policy packages to accelerate each transformation would boost performance on the SDGs by 2030 (+23% above the baseline). Policymakers can maximize transformation synergies through investments in energy decarbonization, resilience, social protection, and sustainable food systems, while managing trade-offs for income and employment. To overcome resistance to transformations, ambitious policy action will need to be underpinned by technological, social, and political enabling conditions

Glutathione, cell proliferation and differentiation

All organisms require an equivalent source for living. Reduced glutathione is the most abundant thiol containing protein in mammalian cells and organs. Glutathione was discovered by Hopkins in 1924 who published his findings in JBC. It is a three peptide containing glutamic acid, cystein and glycin and is found in reduced and oxide forms in cell. High concentration of glutathione and its high reduced/oxide potential makes GSH a powerful antioxidant and the first defense line against free radicals. However, glutathione is the most efficient tool for detoxification of xenobiotic. In several studies, the effect of GSH on different cell types has been investigated and so, in this study, a review of the glutathione function, focusing on cell proliferation and differentiation would be carried out.Key words: Glutathione, proliferation, differentiatio

Stackable Form-Factor Peripheral Component Interconnect Device and Assembly

A stackable form-factor Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) device can be configured as a host controller or a master/target for use on a PCI assembly. PCI device may comprise a multiple-input switch coupled to a PCI bus, a multiplexor coupled to the switch, and a reconfigurable device coupled to one of the switch and multiplexor. The PCI device is configured to support functionality from power-up, and either control function or add-in card function

High-Intensity Radiated Field Fault-Injection Experiment for a Fault-Tolerant Distributed Communication System

Safety-critical distributed flight control systems require robustness in the presence of faults. In general, these systems consist of a number of input/output (I/O) and computation nodes interacting through a fault-tolerant data communication system. The communication system transfers sensor data and control commands and can handle most faults under typical operating conditions. However, the performance of the closed-loop system can be adversely affected as a result of operating in harsh environments. In particular, High-Intensity Radiated Field (HIRF) environments have the potential to cause random fault manifestations in individual avionic components and to generate simultaneous system-wide communication faults that overwhelm existing fault management mechanisms. This paper presents the design of an experiment conducted at the NASA Langley Research Center's HIRF Laboratory to statistically characterize the faults that a HIRF environment can trigger on a single node of a distributed flight control system

Algorithm To Architecture Mapping Model (ATAMM) multicomputer operating system functional specification

A functional description of the ATAMM Multicomputer Operating System is presented. ATAMM (Algorithm to Architecture Mapping Model) is a marked graph model which describes the implementation of large grained, decomposed algorithms on data flow architectures. AMOS, the ATAMM Multicomputer Operating System, is an operating system which implements the ATAMM rules. A first generation version of AMOS which was developed for the Advanced Development Module (ADM) is described. A second generation version of AMOS being developed for the Generic VHSIC Spaceborne Computer (GVSC) is also presented

Effect of replacing fish meal with canola meal on growth performance, survival and body composition of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii Brandt)

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of replacing dietary fish rations with canola rations on the growth rate, survival rate and body composition of the Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii Brandt). Five isonitrogenous (45% crude protein) and isocaloric (18.53 MJg^-1) diets were formulated by replacing 0 (control), 10 (C_10), 20 (C_20), 30 (C_30) and 40% (C_40) of fish rations with canola rations. Juvenile fish with an initial weight of 22.80 ± 0.34 g (mean ± SD) with five treatments and three replications were fed for 10 weeks. At the end of the experiment, the growth rate, survival rate and body composition of the fish were measured. The results of this study showed that there was significant differences in the growth indices and body composition of the fish that were fed the different diets (P0.05). The survival rate was 100% in all treatments. There were no significant differences in body protein, lipid and ash contents in the different treatments (P>0.05), but significant differences were observed in the moisture content of the body of the fish that were fed different diets (P<0.05). The results of the present study suggest that 30% of fish rations can be replaced by canola rations without any negative effects on the growth rate, survival rate and body composition of the Siberian sturgeon

Use of modified heulandite by cationic surfactant as new adsorbent for removing anions from recirculation aquaculture system

Water treatment in recirculation aquaculture systems (RAS) is one of the main methods in water quality management. In organic Ion exchange materials are used only for ammonia adsorption in rearing systems. Zeolites have negative charge in their surfaces and this property capable them to remove cations and metal ions. At this study by using a cationic surfactant (Tetradecyltrimethylamonium bromide) clinoptilolite surface for removing nitrogenous compound is changed. Studied zeolite was analysed by XRD and XRF. Results indicated that Heulandit was the main element in the sample. Experiment was done at three replicates under environmental conditions (temperature (10, 15 and 20) and pH (6, 6.5, 7, 7.5 and 8)). Results indicated that environmental factors influenced absorption capacity. Results showed that increased in temperature have significant effect on nitrate and nitrite removal by SMZ (P<0/05).Temperature cause Increasing in anion mobility and finally anion adsorption. pH have significant effect on nitrate adsorption (P<0/05) while any regular trend didn’t observe about nitrite. Increasing pH cause increase in ionization degree and adsorption. Results indicated that other factor such as anion concentration, existing other anions and counter ions impressed adsorption

Comparing the Effects of Sulfasalazine and Shilajit on Liver Damage Caused by Acetic Acid-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Male Rats

Background and Objective: Liver damage is one of the common complications after ulcerative colitis. The aim of this study is to compare liver protective effects of sulfasalazine and shilajit after ulcerative colitis. Methods: In this experimental intervention study, 49 male Wistar rats weighing 200-250 grams were used in seven groups of 7: sham, ulcerative colitis, oral solution, oral Shilajit, sulfasalazine, rectal solution, and rectal Shilajit. To induce ulcerative colitis, after anesthetizing the animal, 2 cc of acetic acid (4%) was used by rectal administration. Four days after the development of colitis, Shilajit was administered for four days at a dose of 250 mg/kg by gavage and rectal methods. In each group, the levels of liver enzymes (SGPT, SGOT, ALP), direct bilirubin, total, and serum albumin were evaluated eight days after the induction of ulcerative colitis. Findings: Sulfasalazine decreased total bilirubin (0.5967±0.04) and SGOT (113.3±12.7). Administering Shilajit rectally reduced direct bilirubin (0.10±0.02), albumin (3.17±0.2), SGOT (156.2±12.7) and administering Shilajit by gavage reduced SGOT (125.0±12.7), direct bilirubin (0.094±0.02), SGOT (125.0±12.7) and SGPT (93.8±7.5). Conclusion: The results of the study showed that oral administration of Shilajit has more protective effects on liver damage caused by ulcerative colitis than rectal Shilajit, and this result is comparable to sulfasalazine