Can a lifestyle intervention be offered through NHS breast cancer screening?:Challenges and opportunities identified in a qualitative study of women attending screening

Background: Around one third of breast cancers in post-menopausal women could be prevented by decreasing body fatness and alcohol intake and increasing physical activity. This study aimed to explore views and attitudes on lifestyle intervention approaches in order to inform the proposed content of a lifestyle intervention programme amongst women attending breast cancer screening. Methods: Women attending breast cancer screening clinics in Dundee and Glasgow, were invited to participate in focus group discussions (FGD) by clinic staff. The groups were convened out with the clinic setting and moderated by an experienced researcher who attained brief details on socio-demographic background and audio-recorded the discussions. Data analysis was guided by the framework approach. The main topics of enquiry were: Understanding of risk of breast cancer and its prevention, views on engaging with a lifestyle intervention programme offered through breast cancer screening and programme design and content. Results: Thirty one women attended 5 focus groups. Participant ages ranged from 51 to 78 years and 38 % lived in the two most deprived quintiles of residential areas. Women were generally positive about being offered a programme at breast cancer screening but sceptical about lifestyle associated risk, citing genetics, bad luck and knowing women with breast cancer who led healthy lifestyles as reasons to query the importance of lifestyle. Engagement via clinic staff and delivery of the programme by lifestyle coaches out with the screening setting was viewed favourably. The importance of body weight, physical activity and alcohol consumption with disease was widely known although most were surprised at the association with breast cancer. They were particularly surprised about the role of alcohol and resistant to thinking about themselves having a problem. They expressed frustration that lifestyle guidance was often conflicting and divergent over time. The concept of focussing on small lifestyle changes, which were personalised, supported socially and appropriate to age and ability were welcomed. Conclusions: Offering access to a lifestyle programme through breast screening appears acceptable. Explaining the relevance of the target behaviours for breast cancer health, endorsing and utilising consistent messages and identifying personalised, mutually agreed, behaviour change goals provides a framework for programme development

Implementation and Evaluation of a Seven-Week Pilot Studio Mechanics Course

The feasibility of implementing a studio physics course at WPI was assessed by preparing for, implementing, and evaluating a pilot course. Studio physics provides an alternative, hands-on learning method for students. Using the Mechanics Baseline Test (MBT) and multiple feedback methods, students’ qualitative and quantitative data were analyzed. The average resulting normalized gain of the class on the MBT was 18% (n=21). With continued support, studio physics has the potential to become an option for all students at WPI

Edge Design for Performance

This project examines the relationship between knife surface features and food sticking to the side of the blade. Since no existing literature was found on the subject, we developed original blade designs and testing procedures. Our designs focused on limiting potential contact area by pushing food away from the blade. After testing 5 different knives, we found that the curved chip-breaker design resulted in the best performance

Pilot in Vivo Structure–Activity Relationship of Dihydromethysticin in Blocking 4‑(Methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone-Induced <i>O</i>⁶‑Methylguanine and Lung Tumor in A/J Mice

(+)-Dihydromethysticin was recently identified as a promising lung cancer chemopreventive agent, while (+)-dihydrokavain was completely ineffective. A pilot in vivo structure–activity relationship (SAR) was explored, evaluating the efficacy of its analogs in blocking 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone-induced short-term <i>O</i>⁶-methylguanine and long-term adenoma formation in the lung tissues in A/J mice. Both results revealed cohesive SARs, demonstrating that the methylenedioxy functional group in DHM is essential while the lactone functional group tolerates modifications