Microbial soil legacies of crops under different water and nitrogen levels determine succeeding crop performance

Background and aimsSoil legacies mediated by abiotic and biotic factors can greatly influence succeeding plants, a phenomenon called plant-soil feedback (PSF). To date, the patterns and mechanisms of PSF remain largely unexplored in agroecosystems, especially how soil microbial legacies of crop species and management practices interact is poorly understood.MethodsWe subjected four common arable crop species (wheat, maize, soybean and rapeseed) to water (sufficient or drought) and nitrogen (high or low) treatments to condition living soil. We analyzed soil nutrient properties and microbiome composition, and then grew the four crops in conspecific and heterospecific soils to examine intra- and inter-specific PSFs.ResultsWe found that crop species, nitrogen and water treatments created differential effects on soil bacteria and fungi diversity and community composition. Wheat grew better in conspecific-conditioned soil than in heterospecific-conditioned soil, whereas maize and soybean performed better in heterospecific-conditioned soils regardless of water and nitrogen treatments. The PSFs of rapeseed depended on the water and nitrogen treatments. The dissimilarity of both soil bacterial and fungal communities showed a consistently positive correlation with the feedback effect for wheat, while it negatively correlated for maize, rapeseed and soybean. Path analysis showed that soil abiotic, bacterial and fungal legacies all impacted the corresponding crop growth.ConclusionsWe show that via selecting crop species and by changing management practices we can create positive legacies that can enhance the growth of the succeeding crop. Hence, this work proposed a new way to capitalize on soil legacies for enhancing agricultural productivity.Plant science

Frequency distribution of HLA alleles and haplotypes in Uyghur women with advanced squamous cell cervical cancer and relation to HPV status and clinical outcome

Purpose This study aims to investigate the association of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles and haplotypes in Uyghur women with advanced squamous cell cervical cancer (SCC). Methods A total of 131 Uyghur patients with advanced SCC (IIb-IVa) and 91 healthy subjects from Xinjiang province were genotyped for HLA-I and II genes using Polymerase Chain Reaction Sequence Specific Primers (PCR-SSP). The different frequencies of HLA alleles and haplotypes between patients and controls were compared and the correlations were analyzed between HLA distribution and HPV status and prognosis. Results (1)The frequencies of B*51:01, DRB1*07:01, DQB1*02:01, A*01:01-C*06:02, A*01:01-DRB1*07:01, C*06:02-DQB1*02:01, DRB1*07:01-DQB1*02:01 and C*06:02-DRB1*07:01-DQB1*02:01 in cancer group were higher than control group whereas the frequencies of B*44:02, B*58:01, C*05:01, DRB1*04:01, DRB1*12:01, DRB1*13:01, DQB1*02:02, DQB1*05:02, DRB1*03:01-DQB1*02:02 and DRB1*04:01-DQB1*03:02 in cancer group were lower than control group (P＜0.05). (2)The frequencies of A*01:01-C*06:02, A*01:01-DRB1*07:01, C*06:02-DQB1*02:01, DRB1*07:01-DQB1*02:01 and C*06:02-DRB1*07:01-DQB1*02:01 in HPV positive group were lower than HPV negative group, differences of which were statistically significant (P＜0.05). (3)B*44:02 and B*58:01 were associated with reduced DSS (P=0.010 and 0.007). (4)Multivariate Cox proportional hazard models revealed that age, FIGO stage, tumor differentiation and allele B*58:01 as independent predictors for DSS while FIGO stage and tumor differentiation as independent factors for DFS. Conclusions In the development and progression of advanced SCC among Uyghur population, the HLA alleles and its haplotypes play an important role. B*58:01 allele may act as independent predictor for DSS.</p

Frequency distribution of HLA alleles and haplotypes in Uyghur women with advanced squamous cell cervical cancer and relation to HPV status and clinical outcome

Purpose This study aims to investigate the association of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles and haplotypes in Uyghur women with advanced squamous cell cervical cancer (SCC). Methods A total of 131 Uyghur patients with advanced SCC (IIb-IVa) and 91 healthy subjects from Xinjiang province were genotyped for HLA-I and II genes using Polymerase Chain Reaction Sequence Specific Primers (PCR-SSP). The different frequencies of HLA alleles and haplotypes between patients and controls were compared and the correlations were analyzed between HLA distribution and HPV status and prognosis. Results (1)The frequencies of B*51:01, DRB1*07:01, DQB1*02:01, A*01:01-C*06:02, A*01:01-DRB1*07:01, C*06:02-DQB1*02:01, DRB1*07:01-DQB1*02:01 and C*06:02-DRB1*07:01-DQB1*02:01 in cancer group were higher than control group whereas the frequencies of B*44:02, B*58:01, C*05:01, DRB1*04:01, DRB1*12:01, DRB1*13:01, DQB1*02:02, DQB1*05:02, DRB1*03:01-DQB1*02:02 and DRB1*04:01-DQB1*03:02 in cancer group were lower than control group (P＜0.05). (2)The frequencies of A*01:01-C*06:02, A*01:01-DRB1*07:01, C*06:02-DQB1*02:01, DRB1*07:01-DQB1*02:01 and C*06:02-DRB1*07:01-DQB1*02:01 in HPV positive group were lower than HPV negative group, differences of which were statistically significant (P＜0.05). (3)B*44:02 and B*58:01 were associated with reduced DSS (P=0.010 and 0.007). (4)Multivariate Cox proportional hazard models revealed that age, FIGO stage, tumor differentiation and allele B*58:01 as independent predictors for DSS while FIGO stage and tumor differentiation as independent factors for DFS. Conclusions In the development and progression of advanced SCC among Uyghur population, the HLA alleles and its haplotypes play an important role. B*58:01 allele may act as independent predictor for DSS.</p

Distribution of HLA-A alleles and its relation to clinical outcome in Uyghur and Han patients with advanced squamous cell cervical cancer in Xinjiang, China

Background: This study was conducted to investigate the distribution of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A alleles in advanced squamous cell cervical cancer patients (IIb–IVb SCC) and their relationship to human papillomavirus (HPV) status and clinical outcome. Methods: From May 2012 to March 2016, 231 advanced SCC patients (169 Uyghur and 62 Han individuals) and 197 control subjects (101 Uyghur and 96 Han individuals) from Xinjiang province were genotyped for HLA-A by polymerase chain reaction sequence-based typing (PCR-SBT). The frequencies of HLA-A alleles were compared among the different groups and the correlation of HLA-A frequencies with HPV status and clinical outcome were analyzed. Results: (I) Uyghur patients were more likely to be infected with HPV16 or other types of HPV than Han patients (P=0.001). Han patients responded better to systematic treatment than Uyghur patients (P=0.001); (II) Significantly higher frequencies of HLA-A*01:01, A*03:01 and A*03:02, and lower frequencies of HLA-A*11:01, A*24:02 and A*30:01 were observed in the Uyghur control subjects compared with the Han control subjects (P0.05); (IV) There was no significant association between HLA-A alleles and HPV16 status (P>0.05); (V) FIGO stage and treatment condition were potential independent predictors for disease-specific survival (DSS) (P=0.027 and P=0.004) while only FIGO stage was an independent predictor for DFS (P=0.001). A*30:01 showed a tendency to be an independent protective predictor for DSS (P=0.050; HR=0.132; 95% CI: 0.017–0.996). Conclusions: Women from two ethnic groups displayed varied HLA-A allele distributions. HLA-A*01:01 and A*68:01 alleles increase susceptibility to advanced SCC patients while HLA-A*33:01 serves as a protective allele. HLA-A*30:01 might be an independent predictor for DSS of advanced SCC

Distribution of HLA-A alleles and its relation to clinical outcome in Uyghur and Han patients with advanced squamous cell cervical cancer in Xinjiang, China

Background: This study was conducted to investigate the distribution of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A alleles in advanced squamous cell cervical cancer patients (IIb–IVb SCC) and their relationship to human papillomavirus (HPV) status and clinical outcome. Methods: From May 2012 to March 2016, 231 advanced SCC patients (169 Uyghur and 62 Han individuals) and 197 control subjects (101 Uyghur and 96 Han individuals) from Xinjiang province were genotyped for HLA-A by polymerase chain reaction sequence-based typing (PCR-SBT). The frequencies of HLA-A alleles were compared among the different groups and the correlation of HLA-A frequencies with HPV status and clinical outcome were analyzed. Results: (I) Uyghur patients were more likely to be infected with HPV16 or other types of HPV than Han patients (P=0.001). Han patients responded better to systematic treatment than Uyghur patients (P=0.001); (II) Significantly higher frequencies of HLA-A*01:01, A*03:01 and A*03:02, and lower frequencies of HLA-A*11:01, A*24:02 and A*30:01 were observed in the Uyghur control subjects compared with the Han control subjects (P&lt;0.05); (III) The frequencies of HLA-A*01:01 and A*68:01 in patients were significantly higher than in control subjects (P=0.007 and P=0.033, respectively) while the frequency of A*33:01 in patients was lower than in control subjects (P=0.045). The frequency of HLA-A*30:01 in Han patients was lower than Han control subjects (P=0.043). However, there was no significant difference in the frequency of HLA-A alleles between Uyghur patients and control subjects (P&gt;0.05); (IV) There was no significant association between HLA-A alleles and HPV16 status (P&gt;0.05); (V) FIGO stage and treatment condition were potential independent predictors for disease-specific survival (DSS) (P=0.027 and P=0.004) while only FIGO stage was an independent predictor for DFS (P=0.001). A*30:01 showed a tendency to be an independent protective predictor for DSS (P=0.050; HR=0.132; 95% CI: 0.017–0.996). Conclusions: Women from two ethnic groups displayed varied HLA-A allele distributions. HLA-A*01:01 and A*68:01 alleles increase susceptibility to advanced SCC patients while HLA-A*33:01 serves as a protective allele. HLA-A*30:01 might be an independent predictor for DSS of advanced SCC

Experimental autoimmune orchitis as a model of immunological male infertility

Clinically, 60-75% of male infertility cases are categorized as idiopathic spermatogenic disturbance. In previous studies of this condition, lymphocytic infiltration and immune deposits were present in several testis biopsy specimens, indicating that inflammatory or immunological factors contribute to the occurrence of the lesions. However, there is currently little evidence regarding immunological infertility in men. Previously, we established an immunological infertility model, experimental autoimmune orchitis (EAO), that can be induced in mice by two subcutaneous injections of viable syngeneic testicular germ cells without the use of any adjuvant. In this EAO model, lymphocytes surround the tubuli recti and then induce spermatogenic disturbance. In addition, after the active inflammation stage of this model, the seminiferous epithelium is damaged irreversibly, resembling the histopathology of human male idiopathic spermatogenic disturbance. In the majority of patients with testicular autoimmunity, there is a chronic and asymptomatic development of the inflammatory reaction. Therefore, this disease is very difficult to diagnose at the ongoing stage, and it is possible that the histopathology of idiopathic spermatogenic disturbance in the clinic is reported at the post-active inflammation stage of autoimmune orchitis. In this review, the histopathology of EAO before and after inflammation is discussed, comparing it with human orchitis.Fil: Naito, Munekazu. Tokyo Medical University; JapónFil: Terayama, Hayato. Tokyo Medical University; JapónFil: Hirai, Shuichi. Tokyo Medical University; JapónFil: Qu, Ning. Tokyo Medical University; JapónFil: Lustig, Livia. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología. Centro de Investigación en Reproducción; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Itoh, Masahiro. Tokyo Medical University; Japó