International nosocomial infection control consortium (INICC) report, data summary of 36 countries, for 2004-2009

The results of a surveillance study conducted by the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) from January 2004 through December 2009 in 422 intensive care units (ICUs) of 36 countries in Latin America, Asia, Africa, and Europe are reported. During the 6-year study period, using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN; formerly the National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance system [NNIS]) definitions for device-associated health care-associated infections, we gathered prospective data from 313,008 patients hospitalized in the consortium's ICUs for an aggregate of 2,194,897 ICU bed-days. Despite the fact that the use of devices in the developing countries' ICUs was remarkably similar to that reported in US ICUs in the CDC's NHSN, rates of device-associated nosocomial infection were significantly higher in the ICUs of the INICC hospitals; the pooled rate of central line-associated bloodstream infection in the INICC ICUs of 6.8 per 1,000 central line-days was more than 3-fold higher than the 2.0 per 1,000 central line-days reported in comparable US ICUs. The overall rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia also was far higher (15.8 vs 3.3 per 1,000 ventilator-days), as was the rate of catheter-associated urinary tract infection (6.3 vs. 3.3 per 1,000 catheter-days). Notably, the frequencies of resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates to imipenem (47.2% vs 23.0%), Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates to ceftazidime (76.3% vs 27.1%), Escherichia coli isolates to ceftazidime (66.7% vs 8.1%), Staphylococcus aureus isolates to methicillin (84.4% vs 56.8%), were also higher in the consortium's ICUs, and the crude unadjusted excess mortalities of device-related infections ranged from 7.3% (for catheter-associated urinary tract infection) to 15.2% (for ventilator-associated pneumonia). Copyright © 2012 by the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

Data Lineage In Malicious Environments

In this paper cover Data Lineage in Malicious Environment. A data provider has given precise data to a set of supposedly trusted node protocol. Some of the data are leaked and found in an unjustified place. The provider must assess the nearest that the crevice data came from one or more node protocol, as opposed to having been individually fetch by other terms. We propose data allocation strategies that improve theprobability of identifying crevices. These methods do not build on alterations of the released data. In some cases, we can also implant “realistic but wrong andthreaten data” data records to further improve our chances of detecting crevice and identifying the guilty party. While sending data over the network there is lots of illegitimate user trying to get useful information

Research Article

The susceptibility of Culex quinquefasciatus the vector of lymphatic filaria to chemical insecticides was evaluated using the WHO standard susceptibility test at diagnostic concentrations of 0.05 % Deltamethrin, 4 % DDT and 0.10% Alpha-cypermethrin in Nagpur district of India which is endemic for lymphatic filariasis. Our results revealed that Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes has developed high level of resistance to diagnostic concentrations used, showing the need to select the most efficacious compounds for this mosquito species to achieve successful control. It would be valuable if the insecticides are used on rotational basis to slow down the selection pressure of insecticides. Biological control measures and the destruction of vector breeding sources can be the most efficient method of controlling disease transmission

Outdoor mobile augmented reality for past and future on-site architectural visualizations

Joining Languages, Cultures and Visions - CAADFutures 2009, Proceedings of the 13th International CAAD Futures Conference557-57