179 research outputs found
Sex change of hatchery produced Amphiprion ocellaris: Influence of mating system removal on gonad maturation and nesting success
The influence of gonadal maturation and nesting success of the anemone fish Amphiprion ocellaris
was analyzed through mating system removal. Four experiments viz., (i) Sex change of active male
to female in the absence of active female, (ii) Juveniles in the presence of a functional male that was
changing sex from male to female, (iii) Juvenile in the presence of a functional female, and (iv)
Same length group juvenile fishes (total length: 50 mm) without the presence of adult fishes, were
carried out. The gonad of male in experiment (i) showed first perceptible sign of sex inversion after
1 to 2 weeks. After 25 weeks the testicular zone almost disappeared and the gonad looked like maturing
ovary with perivitellogenic oocytes and oocytes at various stages of development. The gonad of
juveniles in the second experiment showed increased testicular development after 23 to 24 weeks, and
testicular area became clearly discernible after 30 weeks. In the third experiment, the gonad of juvenile
completed its spermatogenesis after 15 to 16 weeks and showed well-developed testicular zones. In
the fourth experiment, the gonad of largest fish showed development of ovarian part after 24 weeks
with oogonia and oocytes at various stages, and degeneration of testicular tissues. The observation of
nesting success in the above experimental groups showed that spawning was obtained in the third group
after 4 months of association; and after 12 to 18 months in the first and second groups, and after 20
to 24 months in the fourth group. The present study shows that in the absence or disappearance of
adult female, the active male changes sex to female within a period of 25 weeks. The study also confirms
that in the clownfish A. ocellaris, the largest and socially dominant fish in a host sea anemone
(Heteractis magnifica) is generally female, whose gonads are functional ovaries with remnants of
degenerated testicular tissues. The second largest fish in the same group is an active male and has
gonad that are functioning testis but also possess non-functioning or latent ovarian cells (ovotestis).
If the dominant female dies or is experimentally removed from the "queue", the male not only changes
sex but also grows at an accelerated rate, and the juveniles also grow faster to become male and fill
the size gap of the social group. This adaptation allows continuous reproduction. It is found that social
structure plays an important role on the sex changing mechanism
A clinical study on nimesulide hepatotoxicity
Background: Hepatic injury can occur with the use of nimesulide, a non steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. This study was done to evaluate the hepatic and renal functions in patients with rheumatological complaints receiving nimesulide for 2 weeks.Methods: Fifty patients with rheumatological complaints treated at orthopaedic outpatient clinic of a tertiary care centre with nimesulide 100mg twice daily were enrolled in this study. The sociodemographic details, details of comorbidities, history of use of alcohol or tobacco, indication for treatment with nimesulide etc. were recorded in a predesigned proforma. All patients were followed up for two weeks and reviewed at the end of each week for any gastrointestinal adverse effects, changes in blood routine, liver function tests and renal function tests. Data collected was entered in Microsoft Excel 2010, analysed and results were expressed as mean and standard deviation.Results: Out of the fifty patients analysed, mean age was 39 years. 66 % were males. Among liver function tests, only serum albumin and serum aspartate aminotransferase (SGPT) were altered after treatment with nimesulide. Blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine and blood routine remained normal. No gastrointestinal adverse effects were noted.Conclusions: Nimesulide produced changes in serum albumin and SGPT levels without prominent gastrointestinal or renal adverse effects
Captive Breeding and Seed Production of Marine Ornamental Fishes of India
The marine ornamental fishes are one of the most popular attractions in world wide due to their adaptability to live in confinement. Over the past decade, globally the marine aquarium industry has undergone a significant transformation and this industry is readily growing day by day due to their high commercial value
Isolation, identification and culture of the marine rotifer Colurella adriatica Ehrenberg, 1831 (Family: Lepadellidae) from Andaman & Nicobar Islands: A promising live feed for larval rearing of high value shellfishes and finfishes
An extremely small rotifer was isolated from the micro zooplankton
samples collected during February, 2014 from Havelock islands of
Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The species was identified as Colurella
adriatica Ehrenberg, 1831 (Family: Lapadellidae). Its lorica length under
culture period ranged from 47.530 to 98.868 ╬╝m and width from
34.308 to 56.277 ╬╝m. The size of the eggs, neonates and adults are
also documented. Comparison of size of C. adriatica with Brachionus
plicatilis (L type) and B. rotundiformis (S and SS type) revealed that
C. adriatica is smaller in length and width than the SS-type rotifer which
is currently used as a first feed in marine tropical fish larval rearing.
However, the larvae of many marine food fishes including groupers and
high value marine ornamental fishes are unable to consume the SS-type
rotifers as a first feed due to their extremely small mouth gape. The
culture of C. adriatica was carried out using Nannochloropsis oculata
Diet-I), N. oculata and yeast (0.01g/litre) (Diet-II), Yeast (0.01g/litre)
alone (Diet-III). Average population density of C. adriatica with these
diets reached a maximum of 1000 nos. of individuals /ml on 10th day
of culture on feeding with Diet-I; 950 nos. /ml on 14th day (Diet-II) and
650 nos. /ml on 15th day of culture (Diet-III). Diet I &II and Diet II &III
did not show any significant difference (P>0.05) whereas, Diet I and III
showed significant difference (P<0.01). Preliminary studies of
C. adriatica as a feed to the larvae of Stenopus hispidus, Lysmata
amboinensis and Pomacentrus caeruleus showed better survival than
larvae fed with B. routundiformis during first phase of larval rearing
Marine Ornamental Fish Culture тАУ Package of Practices
In recent years, the trade of marine ornamentals has been expanding and it is estimated that 1.5 тАУ 2.0 million people worldwide keep marine aquaria and the value of annual marine ornamental trade is estimated to range between US$ 200 тАУ 330 million. Almost the entire trade is contributed by collections from coral reef habitats which raises doubts regarding its sustainability. The damaging techniques such as use of sodium cyanide are non selective methods used to capture fish and they adversely affect the health of the fish and kill the non target organisms. The over harvesting of target organisms is another aspect of concern. In addition there are high levels of mortality associated with insensitive shipping and poor husbandry practice
Spawning and larval rearing of Amphiprion ocellaris under captive condition
Marine ornamental fishes have gained much
popularity all over the world. India is endowed
with a variety of marine ornamental fishes
distributed in our coral reef areas which offers
vast scope for the development of a domestic
as well as export trad
Determinants of Quality of Life in Women with Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review
The morbidity and mortality rates associated with breast cancer are a major public health concern globally. The resulting impairment in the patientsтАЩ quality of life (QOL) affects their health, symptoms, and well-being in physical, social, psychological, environmental, and sexual functioning. The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature addressing the determinants of QOL in breast cancer patients. A search of 6 electronic medical databases was undertaken. Employing a rigorous systematic protocol, eligible articles were analyzed and a total of 22 studies that met all eligibility criteria were included in the systematic review. The total sample size was 7,041 women ranging from 30 to 66 years. The determinants of QOL were found to cluster into 10 areas. These include the degree of pain, type and stage of cancer treatment, medical health, cognitive and behavioural factors, emotional health, physical activity and appearance, social factors, age and menopausal status, education and employment status, and ethnicity and religion. The types of breast cancer treatment and psychological parameters were the most common determinants of QOL in breast cancer patients. These insights can help formulate proactive interventions that can be used by patients, caregivers, and healthcare professionals to build protective capacities and alleviate challenges to ensure superior quality of life in women with breast cancer
Larvi-feed Culture for Seed Production of Ornamentals Fishes
Marine ornamental fish production is considered as one of the most important trade in international markets. In the captive production system, the larval rearing of aquatic organisms is an indispensable step and it heavily relies on the supply of suitable live feed organisms
Marine ornamental fishes and their breeding: CMFRI initiatives
The marine ornamental fish trade is a sunrise industry in
aquaculture and has become a growing industry worldwide. As a
result the trade of marine ornamentals has been expanding in
recent years and has grown into a multimillion dollar enterprise
mainly due to the emergence of modern aquarium gadgets and
technologies for setting and maintenance of miniature reef aquaria.
Since the marine ornamental trade is operated throughout the
tropics, the global marine ornamental trade is estimated at US$ 200-
330 million. Since India is endowed with a vast resource potential
of marine ornamentals distributed in the coral seas and rocky
coasts with patchy coral formations and the increasing the demand
in the domestic trade, it appears very much lucrative for India to
venture into this industry
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