Cистемное воспаление и иммунологическое микроокружение в прогнозе течения солидных опухолей

The purpose of the research. To study prognostic significance of indicators of systemic inflammation of peripheral blood and relative indicators: neutrophil‑lymphocytic and platelet‑lymphocytic ratio, the course of squamous cell carcinoma of the oral mucosa and gastric adenocarcinoma.Materials and methods. Prospective analysis of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral mucosa and disseminated gastric adenocarcinoma was performed. Patients with verified diagnosis, without signs of inflammatory diseases in anamnesis, not receiving antibacterial and immunomodulatory therapy were selected. Overall survival and survival without progression were considered as the main estimated parameters.Results. The selection criteria were met by 32 patients with disseminated gastric adenocarcinoma and 60 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral mucosa. The prognostic value of relative indicators is determined: overall survival of patients with gastric adenocarcinoma with a low value of the neutrophil‑lymphocytic index is significantly higher than that of the rest of the cohort of patients: 16 months vs. 8 and 7 months (95 % CI (confidence interval) from 12 to 23 months, p=0.0382). Overall survival of patients with low platelet‑lymphocytic index was also higher: 16 months vs. 8 months (95 % CI from 11 to 24 months, р=0,0026). Different relapse‑free survival was noted in the group of patients with squamous cell head and neck cancer: patients with low index value it is 7 months vs. 2 months (95 % CI from 5 to 9 months, p=0.0499).Conclusions. The results show the possibility of using immunological microenvironment of the tumor and indices, characterizing the systemic inflammation, for prognosis of gastric adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the oral mucosa.Цель исследования. изучить прогностическую значимость показателей системного воспаления периферической крови и относительных показателей: нейтрофильно-лимфоцитарное и тромбоцитарно-лимфоцитарное соотношение, на течение плоскоклеточного рака слизистой оболочки полости рта и аденокарциномы желудка.Материалы и методы. Произведен проспективный анализ больных плоскоклеточным раком слизистой оболочки полости рта и диссеминированной аденокарциномой желудка. Были отобраны пациенты с верифицированным диагнозом, без признаков воспалительных заболеваний в анамнезе, не получающие антибактериальную и иммуномодулирующую терапию. В качестве основных оцениваемых параметров рассматривали общую выживаемость и выживаемость без прогрессирования.Результаты. Критериям отбора соответствовали 32 больных диссеминированной аденокарциномой желудка и 60 больных плоскоклеточным раком слизистой оболочки полости рта. Определена прогностическая ценность относительных показателей: общая выживаемость пациентов с аденокарциномой желудка с низким значением нейтрофильно-лимфоцитарного индекса достоверно выше, чем у остальной когорты пациентов: 16 месяцев против 8 и 7 месяцев (95 % ДИ от 12 до 23 месяцев, р=0,0382). Общая выживаемость пациентов с низким уровнем тромбоцитарно-лимфоцитарным индексом также была выше: 16 месяцев против 8 месяцев (95% ДИ от 11 до 24 месяцев, р=0,0026). В группе больных плоскоклеточным раком головы и шеи достоверно отличалась безрецидивная выживаемость: у пациентов с низким значением показателя — 7 месяцев против 2 месяцев (95 % ДИ от 5 до 9 месяцев, р=0,0499).Выводы. Полученные результаты говорят о возможности использования показателей иммунологического микроокружения опухоли и индексов, характеризующих системное воспаление, для прогнозирования течения аденокарцином желудка и плоскоклеточного рака слизистой оболочки полости рта

Survival of patients with salivary gland malignancies depending on the molecular profile of the tumor

Introduction. Standard methods of drug or radiation therapy administration for salivary gland cancer is the least successful for now. Therefore, the identification of new markers with morphological features is extremely necessary to improve the effectiveness of treatment and increase the survival rates of patients with this pathology.The study objective is to assess the prevalence of expression of HER2/neu, PD-L1, and RET mRNA in salivary gland malignancies and assess their impact on overall and disease-free survival.Materials and methods. Fifty-nine patients with a confirmed diagnosis of salivary gland cancer (stages II–IVA) were examined in the period from 2012 to 2014 at Saint Petersburg City Clinical Oncology Dispensary. All materials were subjected to immunohistochemical research to determine the expression of HER2, PD-L1 in tumor and immune cells, the CPS index was calculated, and the frequency of the mRNA gene RET expression using a real-time polymerase chain reaction was detected.Results. The overall survival of patients with mild and high HER2 expression was 41 months (95 % confidence interval (CI) 4.50–72.00), which is more than 4 time less than in patients with low or no expression (p = 0.00715). Significant differences were also received in the progression-free survival in the group of patients with negative or insignificant expression of HER2 receptors. The overall survival of patients with CPS >1 was 72 months (95 % CI 19.5–72.00) and significantly differed from the group of patients with CPS <1, where it was not yet achieved (p = 0.0124). mRNA expression of the RET gene was detected in 13 out of 48 cases, which was 27.08 %. The expression level ranged from 0 to 0.205. The progression-free survival in the group of patients with mRNA expression was 168 months (95 % CI 16.00–168.00) and tended to increase in the group of patients who did not have this expression.Conclusion. When analyzing the obtained data, it was proved that knowledge of the salivary glands malignant tumors receptor status become one of the factors in determining the prognosis of the disease, as well as a predictive factor of targeted drugs effectiveness (after сonducting prospective randomized studies)