Where do young people work?

The current policy intention, that all young people remain in some form of accredited education or training to the age of 18 by 2015, poses significant challenges. The jobs without training (JWT) group includes young people who are in full-time work and not in receipt of training leading to National Vocational Qualification level 2 (or above); knowing more about them and meeting their needs will be crucial for the delivery of the Raising of the Participation Age agenda. This paper presents findings from a study of the JWT group, from the perspective of employers, which formed part of wider research including policymakers, young people and their parents. It concludes that the label JWT fails to describe the heterogeneity of this group and the needs of those who employ them. If routes into the labour market remain open to 16- and 17-year-olds, attention must be given to supporting young people's transitions through a more active role in job placement and securing greater support for formalised training

The Beat Generation: They Were Hipsters Not Beatniks

The tragedy of the Beat Generation is that it was misunderstood, and the media perpetuated this misunderstanding, either out of ignorance or on purpose. The media, in trying to explain what the Beats were about, got it wrong and promoted a simplified, inaccurate stereotype that obscured their philosophy and minimized their contributions to literature and culture. The Beats identified with the hipsters of that time, but were transformed into cartoon characters called beatniks which became a juvenile fad that was not taken seriously

The Poorhouse: Institutionalization of the Poor

The poorhouse was America’s early welfare institution. This article focuses on the early history of the poorhouse used as a punitive measure to deter poverty and later reform attempts during the Progressive Era. However, it soon became clear that reform efforts could not deter or control the socioeconomic conditions that were driving poverty at that time. This article also looks at society’s early beliefs about poverty and its causes, how those beliefs changed over time, but still remained a contentious topic for many

The Harem: Looking Behind the Veil

European travel writing about Middle Eastern countries became a popular genre in the 1700s and into the early 1900s. When European male writers were not permitted access into the part of Eastern households known as harems, they became suspicious and wrote sexualized descriptions of harems in their travelogues, based on Western hegemonic views and male fantasy. These claims refuted by European women who were permitted into the harems and wrote their own, more accurate observations. Their writings evolved into harem literature and became a women-dominated genre. However, while dispelling the male sexualized fantasy of harems, the women’s writings had a tendency to promote other concepts of Western constructed Orientalism, centering on the perceived repression of Eastern women. European women focused on perceived repressions of Eastern women by their men, and ironically seemed unable (or unwilling) to see their own repression and the hypocrisy constructed by the men of their own Western culture. European women also infused their own fantasies back into Eastern travel literature, which originated from the stories from Arabian Nights. These fantasies of the magical Orient were the bridge between travel/harem literature and what was to become the desert romance novel in the early 20th century. These novels, while entertaining and sexually liberating to women at that time, continued to promote stereotypes of latent Orientalism and objectify Western women as well

Family Adaptability and Cohesion Influences on Positive Health Outcomes for Adolescent and Young Adults Undergoing Stem Cell Transplant for Cancer

poster abstractStem cell transplant (SCT) is a physically and emotionally difficult experience for adolescents/young adults (AYA) with cancer. AYA undergoing SCT require high levels of support to deal with illness-related distress. Family adaptability and cohesion are key protective factors influencing AYA outcomes throughout the SCT treatment process. Research on the influences of family protective factors on SCT outcomes for AYA is minimal. Purposes of this secondary analysis are to: 1) longitudinally examine the trajectory of family adaptability/cohesion and well-being; 2) describe AYA perceived family adaptability/cohesion and well-being at each of 3 three time points; 3) describe relationships between adaptability, cohesion and well-being from each time point to all other subsequent time points; 4) examine the longitudinal influence of adaptability/cohesion on well-being. The Haase Resilience in Illness Model (RIM) that guides this study identifies two risk factors and five protective factors that influence resilience and quality of life outcomes. The study design was longitudinal, descriptive. The sample included 53 AYA, 11 to 24 years of age, undergoing SCT for cancer at 11 pediatric or adult hospitals. AYA completed measures on a secure web-based server immediately prior to, during, and 90 days post-SCT. The RIM-related variables family adaptability, cohesion, and well-being were measured by the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scale (FACES II) and Index of Well-Being (IWB). Descriptive and correlational statistics were used to analyze the data. We found that improvement in adaptability/cohesion is not strongly associated with improvement in well-being from T2 to T1 or T3 to T1, but is statistical significance when compared between T3 to T2. It is necessary to understand how family adaptability/cohesion influences AYA uncertainty and symptoms, coping, derived meaning of illness, and resilience, in order to develop effective family-focused interventions that foster resilience outcomes

Constructed Treatment Wetlands and Water Effect Ratio Study to Achieve Storm Water Compliance at Savannah River Site

2010 S.C. Water Resources Conference - Science and Policy Challenges for a Sustainable Futur

Spheromak formation and sustainment studies at the sustained spheromak physics experiment using high-speed imaging and magnetic diagnostics

A high-speed imaging system with shutter speeds as fast as 2 ns and double frame capability has been used to directly image the formation and evolution of the sustained spheromak physics experiment (SSPX) [E. B. Hooper et al., Nucl. Fusion 39, 863 (1999)]. Reproducible plasma features have been identified with this diagnostic and divided into three groups, according to the stage in the discharge at which they occur: (i) breakdown and ejection, (ii) sustainment, and (iii) decay. During the first stage, plasma descends into the flux conserver shortly after breakdown and a transient plasma column is formed. The column then rapidly bends and simultaneously becomes too dim to photograph a few microseconds after formation. It is conjectured here that this rapid bending precedes the transfer of toroidal to poloidal flux. During sustainment, a stable plasma column different from the transient one is observed. It has been possible to measure the column diameter and compare it to CORSICA [A. Tarditi et al., Contrib. Plasma Phys. 36, 132 (1996)], a magnetohydrodynamic equilibrium reconstruction code which showed good agreement with the measurements. Elongation and velocity measurements were made of cathode patterns also seen during this stage, possibly caused by pressure gradients or E×B drifts. The patterns elongate in a toroidal-only direction which depends on the magnetic-field polarity. During the decay stage the column diameter expands as the current ramps down, until it eventually dissolves into filaments. With the use of magnetic probes inserted in the gun region, an X point which moved axially depending on current level and toroidal mode number was observed in all the stages of the SSPX plasma discharge